Assignment 5: Essay
Sophie Hackett
24/5/18
Contents
APA Style Sample ......................................................................................... 1
Introduction ................................................................................................ 1
Discussion .................................................................................................. 1
Examples .................................................................................................... 1
Format ........................................................................................................ 2
Summary .................................................................................................... 3
References .................................................................................................. 4
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APA Style Sample
Sophie Hackett 32000686
APA Style Sample
Introduction
The American Psychological Association (APA) style is primarily
used in the social science disciplines. It is formatted like Modern Language
Association (MLA), and shows many similarities, but is unique in several
key points. This paper discusses the APA in detail.
Discussion
APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but
rather than indicating the author's name and page number, APA includes
author's name and date of publication. The page number, represented with a
p. or a pp., is only added to the citation when using a direct quote (not a
summary or paraphrase). If the author's name is mentioned in the sentence,
then place the date of publication in parentheses directly after the name. If
the name is not mentioned include the author's name and date in parentheses
at the end of the source material. And, if you use a direct quote, place the
page number after the publication date within the parentheses.
Examples
Note the difference between the following three examples:
Terrence (1999) has presented poignant examples from 150
interviews. However, it has been pointed out that the research was
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conducted in a selective, highly biased, way (Strong & Porter, 1998). All of
the interviewees have been called “exceptions to the norm” (Strong &
Porter, 1998, p. 5).
Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the
sentence, the second example paraphrases authors that are not named in the
sentence, and the third example provides a direct quote (thus the inclusion
of the page numbers) but also does not identify the authors within the
sentence. If the authors were identified within the sentence in the third
example, the authors' names would be followed by the year of publication
and only the page numbers would be in the parentheses at the end of the
quote.
Format
Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what
APA calls the Reference page. You will notice a few immediate differences
from the MLA Works Cited format. With APA you include the initial of the
author's first name rather than the complete name, the publication date
immediately follows the author's name in parentheses, and titles of articles
are not surrounded with quotation marks. The lists are still alphabetized by
author's last name (or title in the absence of an author) and the first line is
flush left while subsequent lines in the same entry are indented in
(approximately 5 spaces or one tab). A good resource to help you with
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referencing is Notre Dame’s referencing guide at
http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box-3040351. There is also a
summary downloadable help document available at:
http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459. In APA Style, you
include a reference list rather than a bibliography with your paper (APA,
Bibliography Verus Reference List, n.d.). A reference list consists of all
sources cited in the text of a paper whereas a bibliography may include
resources that were consulted but not cited in the text as well as an
annotated description of each one.
Summary
The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses
the APA 6th referencing style for all written documents. In addition to in text
referencing and the reference list there are a number of formatting
requirements to ensure your essay complies with APA standards. Get to
know the APA 6th.
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References
APA.Bibliography verus reference list. Retrieved
from http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-
references.aspx#Bibliography
Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS
Medicine, 10(12), e1001574.
Hosny, M., & Fatima, S. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and
plagiarism: University case study. Journal of Applied
Sciences, 14(8), 748-757. doi:10.3923/jas.2014.748.757
Strong, R. L., & Porter, M. (1998). Grammatical combinations. In S. Parker,
& K. Gibson (Eds.), Language and literacy (pp. 540-578).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Terrence, H. S. (1999, November,). Student success in community
colleges. Oregonian, pp. A7.
