AKJUS · pull · Jun 13, 2026 · Jun 12, 2026 · Jun 12, 2026 · Jun 12, 2026
diff --git a/IPython/core/historyapp.py b/IPython/core/historyapp.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 """
 
 import sqlite3
+from contextlib import closing
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from traitlets.config.application import Application
@@ -50,8 +51,10 @@ class HistoryTrim(BaseIPythonApplication):
     def start(self):
         profile_dir = Path(self.profile_dir.location)
         hist_file = profile_dir / "history.sqlite"
-        with sqlite3.connect(hist_file) as con:
-
+        # Connections must be closed, not merely committed, before the file
+        # shuffling below: Windows refuses to unlink or rename a database
+        # that still has open handles.
+        with closing(sqlite3.connect(hist_file)) as con:
             # Grab the recent history from the current database.
             inputs = list(con.execute('SELECT session, line, source, source_raw FROM '
                                     'history ORDER BY session DESC, line DESC LIMIT ?', (self.keep+1,)))
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ def start(self):
             # Make sure we don't interfere with an existing file.
             i += 1
             new_hist_file = profile_dir / ("history.sqlite.new" + str(i))
-        with sqlite3.connect(new_hist_file) as new_db:
+        with closing(sqlite3.connect(new_hist_file)) as new_db:
             new_db.execute("""CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS sessions (session integer
                                 primary key autoincrement, start timestamp,
                                 end timestamp, num_cmds integer, remark text)""")

diff --git a/IPython/core/oinspect.py b/IPython/core/oinspect.py
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ def _get_info(
                 required_parameters = [
                     parameter
                     for parameter in inspect.signature(hook).parameters.values()
-                    if parameter.default != inspect.Parameter.default
+                    if parameter.default is inspect.Parameter.empty
                 ]
                 if len(required_parameters) == 1:
                     res = hook(hook_data)
@@ -886,7 +886,8 @@ def info(self, obj, oname="", info=None, detail_level=0) -> InfoDict:
         prelude = ""
         if info and info.parent is not None and hasattr(info.parent, HOOK_NAME):
             parents_docs_dict = getattr(info.parent, HOOK_NAME)
-            parents_docs = parents_docs_dict.get(att_name, None)
+            if isinstance(parents_docs_dict, dict):
+                parents_docs = parents_docs_dict.get(att_name, None)
         out: InfoDict = cast(
             InfoDict,
             {

diff --git a/IPython/extensions/deduperreload/deduperreload.py b/IPython/extensions/deduperreload/deduperreload.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 import platform
 import sys
 import textwrap
+import tokenize
 from types import ModuleType
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, NamedTuple, cast
 from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable
@@ -215,7 +216,9 @@ def update_sources(self) -> None:
                 self.source_by_modname[new_modname] = ""
                 continue
             try:
-                with open(fname, "r", encoding="utf8") as f:
+                # tokenize.open honors PEP 263 coding cookies and defaults
+                # to utf-8, like the import system does.
+                with tokenize.open(fname) as f:
                     self.source_by_modname[new_modname] = f.read()
             except Exception as e:
                 logger = logging.getLogger("autoreload")
@@ -552,7 +555,7 @@ def maybe_reload_module(self, module: ModuleType) -> bool:
         if (fname := get_module_file_name(module)) is None:
             return False
         try:
-            with open(fname, "r", encoding="utf8") as f:
+            with tokenize.open(fname) as f:
                 new_source_code = f.read()
         except Exception as e:
             logger = logging.getLogger("autoreload")

diff --git a/IPython/extensions/tests/test_deduperreload.py b/IPython/extensions/tests/test_deduperreload.py
@@ -935,6 +935,36 @@ def foo(y):
         mod = sys.modules[mod_name]
         assert mod.foo(0) == 5
 
+    def test_deduperreloader_pep263_encoding(self):
+        """Source with a non-utf-8 PEP 263 coding cookie can be read (gh-15193)."""
+        self.shell.magic_autoreload("2")
+        mod_name, mod_fn = self.get_module()
+        code_v1 = squish_text(
+            '''
+            # -*- coding: latin-1 -*-
+            CAFE = "café"
+            def foo(y):
+                return y + 3
+            '''
+        )
+        with open(mod_fn, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(code_v1.encode("latin-1"))
+        self.created_temp_modules.add(mod_name)
+        self.shell.run_code("import %s" % mod_name)
+        self.shell.run_code("pass")
+        # The latin-1 encoded source is not valid utf-8, but must still be
+        # readable for the deduper to consider the module patchable.
+        deduper = self.shell.auto_magics._reloader.deduper_reloader
+        assert deduper.source_by_modname[mod_name] != ""
+        if platform.system().lower() != "darwin":
+            time.sleep(1.05)
+        with open(mod_fn, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(code_v1.replace("y + 3", "y + 5").encode("latin-1"))
+        self.shell.run_code("pass")
+        mod = sys.modules[mod_name]
+        assert mod.foo(0) == 5
+        assert mod.CAFE == "café"
+
     def test_super(self):
         self.shell.magic_autoreload("2")
         mod_name, mod_fn = self.new_module(

diff --git a/IPython/utils/generics.py b/IPython/utils/generics.py
@@ -3,18 +3,38 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import warnings
 from typing import Any
 
 from IPython.core.error import TryNext
 from functools import singledispatch
 
 
 @singledispatch
-def inspect_object(obj: Any) -> None:
-    """Called when you do obj?"""
+def _inspect_object(obj: Any) -> None:
+    """Called when you do obj?
+
+    .. deprecated:: 9.15
+        `inspect_object` is deprecated and will be removed in a future
+        version. It is no longer used within IPython, so registering
+        handlers on it has no effect.
+    """
     raise TryNext
 
 
+def __getattr__(name: str) -> Any:
+    if name == "inspect_object":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "inspect_object is deprecated since IPython 9.15 and will be "
+            "removed in a future version. It is no longer used within "
+            "IPython, so registering handlers on it has no effect.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _inspect_object
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__!r} has no attribute {name!r}")
+
+
 @singledispatch
 def complete_object(obj: Any, prev_completions: list[str]) -> list[str]:
     """Custom completer dispatching for python objects.

diff --git a/codecov.yml b/codecov.yml
@@ -8,22 +8,22 @@ coverage:
         paths:
           - '!**/tests/**'
           - '!**/testing/**'
-        threshold: 0.1%
+        threshold: 0.2%
       tests:
         target: auto
         paths:
           - '**/tests/**'
           - '**/testing/**'
-        threshold: 0.1%
+        threshold: 0.2%
 flag_management:
   default_rules:
     statuses:
       - type: patch
         target: auto%
-        threshold: 0.1%
+        threshold: 0.2%
       - type: project
         target: auto%
-        threshold: 0.1%
+        threshold: 0.2%
   individual_flags:
     - name: unit-tests
       paths:

diff --git a/docs/source/whatsnew/pr/deprecate-inspect-object.rst b/docs/source/whatsnew/pr/deprecate-inspect-object.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Deprecation of ``IPython.utils.generics.inspect_object``
+=========================================================
+
+``IPython.utils.generics.inspect_object`` is deprecated since IPython 9.15 and
+will be removed in a future version. It is no longer used within IPython, so
+registering handlers on it has no effect. ``complete_object`` is unaffected.
+See :ghissue:`15068`.
diff --git a/docs/source/whatsnew/pr/fix-oinspect-getattr-and-path-spaces.rst b/docs/source/whatsnew/pr/fix-oinspect-getattr-and-path-spaces.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+Fix oinspect TypeError with objects using generic ``__getattr__``
+=================================================================
+
+Objects whose ``__getattr__`` returns something other than ``dict`` for
+``__custom_documentations__`` (e.g. polars ``Expr``, which returns a new
+``Expr`` for any attribute name) no longer cause a ``TypeError`` when
+inspected with ``?`` or :func:`%pinfo`.  The lookup is now guarded with
+``isinstance(..., dict)``.  :ghissue:`15072`
+
+Also fixed an incorrect comparison in the MIME-hook inspection path
+(``inspect.Parameter.default`` → ``inspect.Parameter.empty``) that
+accidentally relied on a property-object inequality to filter required
+parameters.
+
+Fix test failures when IPython source path contains spaces
+==========================================================
+
+``test_exit_code_signal`` in :file:`tests/test_interactiveshell.py` now
+uses :func:`shlex.quote` when interpolating ``sys.executable`` and the
+temporary filename into a shell command string, preventing test failures
+on systems where either path contains spaces.  :ghissue:`15100`
diff --git a/tests/test_generics.py b/tests/test_generics.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"""Tests for IPython.utils.generics."""
+
+import warnings
+
+import pytest
+
+from IPython.core.error import TryNext
+from IPython.utils import generics
+
+
+def test_inspect_object_deprecated():
+    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="inspect_object is deprecated"):
+        func = generics.inspect_object
+    # The returned object still behaves as before.
+    with pytest.raises(TryNext):
+        func(object())
+
+
+def test_complete_object_not_deprecated():
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("error")
+        assert callable(generics.complete_object)
diff --git a/tests/test_history.py b/tests/test_history.py
@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@
 import gc
 import os
 import sqlite3
+import subprocess
 import sys
 import tempfile
+from contextlib import closing
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 
@@ -261,18 +263,25 @@ def test_hist_file_config(hmmax3):
     cfg = Config()
     tfile = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
     cfg.HistoryManager.hist_file = Path(tfile.name)
+    hm = None
     try:
         hm = HistoryManager(shell=get_ipython(), config=cfg)
         assert hm.hist_file == cfg.HistoryManager.hist_file
     finally:
+        if hm is not None:
+            # Stop the saving thread and close the database, otherwise the
+            # thread can briefly hold a strong reference to the manager,
+            # making the instance-leak check in the fixture teardown flaky
+            # (gh-15161).
+            hm.save_thread.stop()
+            hm.db.close()
         try:
             Path(tfile.name).unlink()
         except OSError:
             # same catch as in testing.tools.TempFileMixin
             # On Windows, even though we close the file, we still can't
             # delete it.  I have no clue why
             pass
-            HistoryManager.__max_inst = 1
 
 
 def test_histmanager_memory_fallback_reopens_db(hmmax3, tmp_path, caplog):
@@ -468,3 +477,67 @@ def test_calling_run_cell(hmmax2):
 
             ip.history_manager = hist_manager_ori
     assert session_number == new_session_number, ValueError(f"{session_number} != {new_session_number}")
+
+
+def _make_history_db(hist_file: Path, n_entries: int) -> None:
+    """Create a history database with the standard schema and some entries."""
+    with closing(sqlite3.connect(hist_file)) as con:
+        con.execute(
+            """CREATE TABLE sessions (session integer
+                primary key autoincrement, start timestamp,
+                end timestamp, num_cmds integer, remark text)"""
+        )
+        con.execute(
+            """CREATE TABLE history
+                (session integer, line integer, source text, source_raw text,
+                PRIMARY KEY (session, line))"""
+        )
+        con.execute(
+            """CREATE TABLE output_history
+                (session integer, line integer, output text,
+                PRIMARY KEY (session, line))"""
+        )
+        now = datetime.now().isoformat(sep=" ")
+        con.execute(
+            "INSERT INTO sessions VALUES (1, ?, ?, ?, '')", (now, now, n_entries)
+        )
+        con.executemany(
+            "INSERT INTO history VALUES (1, ?, ?, ?)",
+            [(i, "code %d" % i, "code %d" % i) for i in range(n_entries)],
+        )
+        con.commit()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "subcommand, kept",
+    [
+        (["trim", "--keep=2"], 2),
+        (["clear", "-f"], 0),
+    ],
+)
+def test_history_trim_cli(tmp_path, subcommand, kept):
+    """`ipython history trim/clear` must replace the database file.
+
+    All sqlite connections to the old database have to be closed before it is
+    unlinked, otherwise this fails on Windows and leaves a stray
+    ``history.sqlite.new`` file behind (gh-15241).
+    """
+    profile_dir = tmp_path / "profile_default"
+    profile_dir.mkdir()
+    hist_file = profile_dir / "history.sqlite"
+    _make_history_db(hist_file, 5)
+
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    env["IPYTHONDIR"] = str(tmp_path)
+    proc = subprocess.run(
+        [sys.executable, "-m", "IPython", "history"] + subcommand,
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        env=env,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    assert proc.returncode == 0, proc.stderr
+    assert list(profile_dir.glob("history.sqlite.new*")) == []
+    with closing(sqlite3.connect(hist_file)) as con:
+        rows = list(con.execute("SELECT source FROM history"))
+    assert len(rows) == kept
diff --git a/tests/test_interactiveshell.py b/tests/test_interactiveshell.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 import asyncio
 import ast
 import os
+import shlex
 import signal
 import shutil
 import sys
@@ -657,7 +658,7 @@ def test_exit_code_signal(self):
             "signal.setitimer(signal.ITIMER_REAL, 0.1)\n"
             "time.sleep(1)\n"
         )
-        self.system("%s %s" % (sys.executable, self.fname))
+        self.system("%s %s" % (shlex.quote(sys.executable), shlex.quote(self.fname)))
         self.assertEqual(ip.user_ns["_exit_code"], -signal.SIGALRM)
 
     @onlyif_cmds_exist("csh")

diff --git a/tests/test_oinspect.py b/tests/test_oinspect.py
@@ -547,6 +547,30 @@ def prop(self, v):
     assert re.search(r"Type:\s+NoneType", captured.out)
 
 
+def test_pinfo_getattr_object(capsys):
+    """Test that pinfo doesn't crash on objects with generic __getattr__.
+
+    Regression test for issue #15072: polars Expr objects have a generic
+    __getattr__ that returns a new Expr for any attribute name, which caused
+    TypeError when pinfo tried to call .get() on the returned Expr instead of
+    a dict.
+    """
+    obj_def = """class ExprLike:
+    '''A class that simulates polars.Expr behavior with generic __getattr__.'''
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        # Return self for any attribute, simulating polars Expr behavior
+        return self
+    """
+    ip.run_cell(obj_def)
+    ip.run_cell("expr_like = ExprLike()")
+
+    # This should not raise TypeError
+    ip.run_cell("expr_like.some_attr?")
+    captured = capsys.readouterr()
+    # Should get some output without crashing
+    assert "ExprLike" in captured.out or "Class" in captured.out
+
+
 def test_pinfo_magic():
     with AssertPrints("Docstring:"):
         ip._inspect("pinfo", "lsmagic", detail_level=0)