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mind

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From Middle English minde, münde, ȝemünde, from Old English ġemynd (“memory”), from Proto-West Germanic *mundi, *gamundi, from Proto-Germanic *mundiz, *gamundiz (“memory, remembrance”), from Proto-Indo-European *méntis (“thought”) (compare also mantis, via Greek), from the root *men- (“to think”).

Cognate with Old High German gimunt (“mind, memory”), Danish minde (“memory”), Swedish minne (“memory”), Icelandic minni (“memory, recall, recollection”), Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌳𐍃 (munds, “memory, mind”), Latin mēns (“mind, reason”), Sanskrit मनस् (mánas), Ancient Greek μένος (ménos), Albanian mënd (“mind, reason”). Doublet of mantra. Related to Old English myntan (“to mean, intend, purpose, determine, resolve”). More at mint.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mind (countable and uncountable, plural minds)

  1. The capability for rational thought.
    Despite advancing age, his mind was still as sharp as ever.
    • 1576, George Whetstone, “The Ortchard of Repentance: […]”, in The Rocke of Regard, […], London: […] [H. Middleton] for Robert Waley, →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] P[ayne] Collier, editor, The Rocke of Regard, […] (Illustrations of Early English Poetry; vol. 2, no. 2), London: Privately printed, [1867?], →OCLC, page 291:
      And ſure, although it was invented to eaſe his mynde of griefe, there be a number of caveats therein to forewarne other young gentlemen to foreſtand with good government their folowing yl fortunes; […]
    • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      “ […] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons ! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”
  2. The ability to be aware of things.
    There was no doubt in his mind that they would win.
  3. The ability to remember things.
    My mind just went blank.
  4. The ability to focus the thoughts.
    I can’t keep my mind on what I’m doing.
  5. Somebody that embodies certain mental qualities.
    He was one of history’s greatest minds.
    • 1956, Allen Ginsberg, “Howl”, in Howl and Other Poems (Pocket Poets Series), City Lights Books, →OCLC, page 9:
      I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness, starving hysterical naked, […]
    • 2022 November 16, Christian Wolmar, “Can Merriman use his rail knowledge to make a difference?”, in RAIL, number 970, page 45:
      That's far from the promised land set out in the Williams-Shapps Plan for Rail, that the railways would have a guiding mind that would be in control of the industry's finances. Businesses have what is called a profit and loss account, showing both revenue and costs, but the current situation means that the two sides of the system are in different hands - and neither is (as yet) in the hands of a 'guiding mind'.
  6. Judgment, opinion, or view.
    He changed his mind after hearing the speech.
  7. Desire, inclination, or intention.
    She had a mind to go to Paris.
    I have half a mind to do it myself.
    I am of a mind to listen.
    • c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 64, lines 94–99:
      I fortuned to come in,
      Thys rebell to behold,
      Whereof I hym controld;
      But he sayde that he wolde
      Agaynst my mynde and wyll
      In my church hawke styll.
    • 1859, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities:
      Although Miss Pross, through her long association with a French family, might have known as much of their language as of her own, if she had had a mind, she had no mind in that direction […] So her manner of marketing was to plump a noun-substantive at the head of a shopkeeper without any introduction in the nature of an article […]
  8. A healthy mental state.
    I, ______ being of sound mind and body, do hereby […]
    You are losing your mind.
  9. (philosophy) The non-material substance or set of processes in which consciousness, perception, affectivity, judgement, thinking, and will are based.
    The nature of the mind is a major topic in philosophy.
    • 1699, William Temple, Heads designed for an essay on conversations‎[1]:
      Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace: the first apt to give stiffness, the other suppleness: one gives substance and form to the statue, the other polishes it.
    • 1854, Samuel Knaggs, Unsoundness of Mind Considered in Relation to the Question of Responsibility for Criminal Acts, page 19:
      The mind is that part of our being which thinks and wills, remembers and reasons; we know nothing of it except from these functions.
    • 1883, Howard Pyle, chapter V, in The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood […], New York, N.Y.: […] Charles Scribner’s Sons […], →OCLC:
      Thus they dwelled for nearly a year, and in that time Robin Hood often turned over in his mind many means of making an even score with the Sheriff.
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      […] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.
  10. Continual prayer on a dead person's behalf for a period after their death.
    a month's [or monthly] mind; a year's mind
  11. (uncountable) Attention, consideration or thought.
    • 1849, Eliza Cook, Eliza Cook’s Journal,p.119, volume 1:
      They are the “tars” who give mind to the spreading sail, and their bold courage is the pabulum which will preserve our sea-girt isle in its vernal green to furthest posterity.
    • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:
      Then he, having mind of Beelzebub, the god of flies, fled without a halt homewards; but, falling in the coo's loan, broke two ribs and a collar bone, the whilk misfortune was much blessed to his soul.
    • 2014, Jolie O'Dell, Blogging for Photographers, page 66:
      If you get a “trolling” comment, delete it, do not respond to it, and move forward immediately without paying any further mind.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Japanese: マインド (maindo)
  • → Malay: minda

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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mind (third-person singular simple present minds, present participle minding, simple past and past participle minded)

  1. To bring or recall to mind; to remember; bear or keep in mind.
  2. (now regional) To remember. [from 14th c.]
  3. (obsolete or dialectal) To remind; put one's mind on.
  4. To turn one's mind to; to observe; to notice.
  5. To regard with attention; to treat as of consequence.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:16:
      Be of the same mind one toward another. Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate. Be not wise in your own conceits.
    • 1907 E.M. Forster, The Longest Journey, Part I, V [Uniform ed., p. 63]:
      It's the worst thing that can ever happen to you in all your life, and you've got to mind it—you've got to mind it. They'll come saying, 'Bear up—trust to time.' No, no; they're wrong. Mind it.
  6. (chiefly imperative) To pay attention or heed to so as to obey; hence to obey; to make sure, to take care (that). [from 17th c.]
    Mind you don't knock that glass over.
  7. (now rare except in phrases) To pay attention to, in the sense of occupying one's mind with, to heed. [from 15th c.]
    You should mind your own business.
    • c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
      My lord, you nod: you do not mind the play.
    • 1712, Joseph Addison, Spectator, No. 383 (May 20, 1710:
      Upon my coming down, I found all the Children of the Family got about my old Friend, and my Landlady herself, who is a notable prating Gossip, engaged in a Conference with him; being mightily pleased with his stroaking her little Boy upon the Head, and bidding him be a good Child and mind his Book.
    • 2000, George R.R. Martin, A Storm of Swords, Bantam, published 2011, page 84:
      Should you ever have a son, Sansa, beat him frequently so he learns to mind you.
  8. To look after, to take care of, especially for a short period of time. [from 17th c.]
    Would you mind my bag for me?
  9. To be careful about. [from 18th c.]
    • 2005, Gillie Bolton, Reflective Practice: Writing And Professional Development, →ISBN, page xv:
      Bank Underground Station, London, is built on a curve, leaving a potentially dangerous gap between platform and carriage to trap the unwary. The loudspeaker voice instructs passengers to "Mind the gap": the boundary between train and platform.
  10. (now obsolete outside dialect) To purpose, intend, plan.
  11. (UK, Ireland) Take note; used to point out an exception or caveat.
    I'm not very healthy. I do eat fruit sometimes, mind.
  13. (originally and chiefly in negative or interrogative constructions) To dislike, to object to; to be bothered by. [from 16th c.]
    I wouldn't mind an ice cream right now.
    Do you mind if I smoke?

Conjugation

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Conjugation of mind
infinitive (to) mind
present tense past tense
1st-person singular mind minded
2nd-person singular mind, mindest† minded, mindedst†
3rd-person singular minds, mindeth† minded
plural mind
subjunctive mind minded
imperative mind —
participles minding minded

†Archaic or obsolete.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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See also

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Chinese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English mind.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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mind

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to mind; to care about

References

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  • Bolton, Kingsley, Hutton, Christopher (2005) A Dictionary of Cantonese Slang: The Language of Hong Kong Movies, Street Gangs and City Life, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, →ISBN, page 276

Danish

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Verb

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mind

  1. imperative of minde

Estonian

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Etymology

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun

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mind

  1. partitive singular of mina

Hungarian

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ed  Table of Correlatives (cf. H. demonstrative adverbs)
question this that same every-/all no- relative some any else
e/i- a/o- ugyan mind(en)- se(m/n)- a- + qu. vala  akár
bár		 más
who ki ő u mindenki senki aki v a b m
what mi ez az u u minden semmi ami /
amely		 v a b m
which melyik mindegyik
mind		 semelyik
egyik sem		 amelyik v a b m
how hogy(an)
miként		 így úgy u u mindenhogy
mindenhogyan		 sehogy(an)
semmiképpen		 (a)mint
ahogy(an)		 v
v		 a b
a b		 m/m
m/m
what…like
what kind		 milyen
miféle		 ilyen
efféle		 olyan
afféle		 u u mindenféle semmilyen
semmiféle		 amilyen v
v		 a b
a b		 m
m/m
where hol itt ott u u mindenhol
mindenütt		 sehol ahol v a b m
m
from wh. honnan innen onnan u u mindenhonnan sehonnan ahonnan v a b m
to where hova
hová		 ide oda u u mindenhova
mindenhová		 sehova
sehová		 ahova
ahová		 v
v		 a b
a b		 m
m
from
which way		 merről erről arról u u mindenfelől semerről amerről v a b m
which way merre
merrefelé		 erre
errefelé		 arra
arrafelé		 u u mindenfelé semerre amerre v a b m
why miért ezért azért u u mindenért semmiért amiért v a b m
how many hány ennyi annyi u u mind
az összes		 sehány ahány v a b –
how much mennyi semennyi amennyi v a b
wh. extent mennyire ennyire annyira u u (teljesen) semennyire amennyire v a b –
what size mekkora ekkora akkora u u (az egész) semekkora amekkora v a b –
what time mikor ekkor akkor u u mindig soha/sose(m)
sohase(m)		 amikor v a b m
how long
how far		 meddig eddig addig u u (végig)* semeddig ameddig v a b –
*: Mindeddig/-addig mean “up until this/that point” (= egészen eddig/addig).
Csak following relative pronouns expresses “-ever”, e.g. aki csak (“whoever”);
is after “any” pronouns emphasizes “no matter”: akármit is (“no matter what”).
né- (“some”) forms compounds with few words.

Etymology

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Presumably from mi? (“what?”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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mind

  1. all of it, all of them, each of them (grammatically singular)
    Synonyms: mindegyikük, mindegyik, az összes
    Mind(et) megettem. ― I ate all of it.
    A fogaim nem jók, de még mind megvan. ― My teeth are not perfect, but I still have all of them.

Usage notes

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When the pronoun mind (“all”) is the object, it is a definite object: mindet megnézem (“I’ll have a look at all [of them]”). On the other hand, the pronoun minden (“everything”) is indefinite as an object: mindent megnézek (“I’ll have a look at everything”).

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative mind —
accusative mindet —
dative mindnek —
instrumental minddel —
causal-final mindért —
translative minddé —
terminative mindig —
essive-formal mindként —
essive-modal — —
inessive mindben —
superessive minden —
adessive mindnél —
illative mindbe —
sublative mindre —
allative mindhez —
elative mindből —
delative mindről —
ablative mindtől —
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		mindé —
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		mindéi —

Some of its possessive forms (single possession with plural possessor) are possible in the partitive sense (“all of us​/​you​/​them”):

Possessive forms of mind
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. — —
2nd person sing. — —
3rd person sing. — —
1st person plural mindünk / mindőnk —
2nd person plural mindőtök —
3rd person plural mindük —

(See also a list of partitive pronoun forms.) The possessive sense can be expressed with minden.

Adverb

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mind (not comparable)

  1. with everyone, all (usually of persons)
    Synonyms: mindnyájan, mindannyian
    Mind összegyűltek a ház előtt. ― They all gathered in front of the house.
  2. (formal) increasingly (used with comparative form)
    Synonym: egyre
    Mind nagyobb igény van erre a szolgáltatásra. ― There is more and more demand for this service.
  3. (up) until…, up to… (used with -ig; not (until) sooner than a given point in time)
    Synonym: egészen
    mind a mai napig ― (up) to this (very) day
    (Note: Most other phrases with this meaning are written without a space: mindaddig, mindeddig, mindmáig, mindmostanáig, mindvégig)

Derived terms

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Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions

Conjunction

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mind

  1. (formal) both... and..., as well as
    Synonym: is
    mind a magánéletben, mind a munkában ― both in private life and in work

References

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  1. ^ mind in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • (pronoun & adverb): mind in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (conjunction): mind in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *mandu (“mark, sign, spot”), cognate to Welsh man (“spot”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mind n (nominative plural mind)

  1. A symbol indicating honour or rank; a crown, insignia, emblem

Inflection

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The genitive of this term is unexpectedly poorly attested. Its genitive plural mind is akin to a neuter o-stem, leading to DIL listing it as such. Unlike most u-stems, the declension never has the stem vowel i lowering to e even where it is expected.

Neuter u-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative mindN mindL mindL, minda
Vocative mindN mindL mind
Accusative mindN mindL mind
Genitive mindoH, mindaH mindoN, mindaN mindN
Dative mindL mindaib mindaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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Mutation

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Mutation of mind
radical lenition nasalization
mind
also mmind after a proclitic
ending in a vowel 		mind
pronounced with /β̃(ʲ)-/ 		unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*mendu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 264-265

Further reading

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Scots

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Etymology

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From Old English ġemynd, from Proto-Germanic *gamundiz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mind (plural minds)

  1. memory, recollection.
  2. mind.

Verb

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mind (third-person singular simple present minds, present participle mindin, simple past mindit, past participle mindit)

  1. To remember.
  2. To remind.
  3. To mind, care.
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