The most common algorithm uses an iterative refinement technique. Due to its ubiquity it is often called the k-means algorithm; it is also referred to as Lloyd's algorithm, particularly in the computer science community.

ChIP-seq peak caller

variational Bayesian algorithm for Brain MR image Segmentation

Bernoulli Mixture Models

Extremely fast C implementation of the clustering Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm for estimating Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM).

A flexible haplotype inference program, determining blocks of haplotype inferability.