Aa¨vq 2: KwgDwb‡Kkb wm‡÷gm I †bUIqvwK©s

(Communication Systems and Networking)

cÖkœ bs-1:

(XvKv †evW©-2016)
1bs wPÎ 2 bs wPÎ 3 bs wPÎ
K. ivDUvi Kx? 1
L. †gvevBj †dv‡bi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡K 2 bs wP‡Î †bUIqv‡K©i †Kvb U‡cvjwR AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki 1 bs I 3 bs wP‡Îi U‡cvjwRi g‡a¨ †KvbwU AwaK myweavRbK? we‡kølY Ki| 4

1 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- ivDUvit ivDUvi GKwU †bUIqvwK©s wWfvBm hv †bUIqv‡K©i AšÍM©Z Drm Kw¤úDUvi †_‡K MšÍe¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i †WUv
c¨v‡KU †c․u‡Q †`q| †WUv c¨v‡KU n‡”Q †WUvi eøK A_©vr †WUvi mgwó| ivDUvi‡K †cv÷g¨v‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i|

1 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi

- †gvevBj †dv‡bi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW n‡jv dzj Wz‡cø·| GB c×wZ‡Z Dfq w`‡K GKB mg‡q †WUv Av`vb cÖ`vb
Kiv hvq| eZ©gv‡b Avgiv K_v ejvi Rb¨ †hme cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i _vwK, †m¸‡jvi me¸‡jvB dzj Wz‡cø· wWfvBm|
Gme cÖhyw³i d‡j †cÖiK I cÖvcK GKB mv‡_ Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

1 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡K 2 bs wP‡Îi †bUIqv‡K© ÷vi U‡cvjwR AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB †bUIqv‡K© GKwU Kw¤úDUvi Aci GKwU
Kw¤úDUv‡ii mv‡_ Ggb fv‡e hy³ _v‡K hv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv AvKv‡ki Zvivi g‡Zv| GB †bUIqv‡K© nveI myB‡Pi
mv‡_ wewfbœ Kw¤úDUvi mshy³ _v‡K| GB HUB ‡WUv PjvPj wbqš¿Y K‡i| HUB Gi ÿgZv hZ †ewk n‡e
†bUIqv‡K© ZZ †ewk ms‡hvM †`Iqv hv‡e| LAN ms‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î G ai‡bi msMVb †ewk e¨envi Kiv nq| GB
U‡cvjwR‡Z †Kvb Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡q †M‡j m¤ú~Y© wm‡÷‡gi Dci †Kvb cÖfve c‡o bv| †K›`ªxqfv‡e GB U‡cvjwR
wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq e‡j µwU wbY©q Kiv mnR nq|

1 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡Ki 1 bs wPÎwU wis U‡cvjwRi Ges 3 bs wPÎwU evm U‡cvjwRi| wis U‡cvjwR †_‡K evm U‡cvjwR AwaK
myweavRbK| †h †bUIqv‡K© me¸‡jv Kw¤úDUvi‡K K¨ve‡ji gva¨‡g Ggbfv‡e mshy³ Kiv nq hv‡Z GKwU wis ev
jy‡ci mywó nq Zv‡K wis U‡cvjwR e‡j| GB U‡cvjwR‡Z †Kvb ïiæ ev †kl cÖvšÍ mxgv Luy‡R cvIqv hvq bv| Ab¨w`‡K
†h U‡cvjwR‡Z GKwU gvÎ UªvÝwgk‡b gva¨‡g me¸‡jv Kw¤úDUvi †bv‡Wi mv‡_ mshy³ _v‡K Zv‡K evm U‡cvjwR
e‡j| evm †bUIqv‡K©i †Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡q †M‡j Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡ii KvR Ki‡Z Amyweav nq bv| mn‡RB †h
†Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK© n‡Z wew”Qbœ Kiv m¤¢e| wis †bUIqv‡K© GKwU Kw¤úDUvi mgm¨vq AvµvšÍ n‡j cy‡iv
†bUIqvK© APj n‡q co‡e| evm †bUIqv‡K© †Kv‡bv mgm¨v nq bv| wis U‡cvjwRi †ÿ‡Î †bUIqv‡K©i †Kvb mgm¨v
wbY©q Kiv †ek RwUj|
evm †bUIqv‡K© wewfbœ hš¿cvwZ mshy³ Ki‡Z me‡P‡q Kg K¨vej cÖ‡qvRb nq| d‡j LiP Kg nq|
Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv n‡Z †evSv hvq †h, 1 bs wPÎ A_©vr wis U‡cvjwRi Zzjbvq 3 bs wPÎ A_©vr evm U‡cvjwR AwaK
myweavRbK|

cÖkœ bs-2:
 K‡jR QvÎx mygvBqv MÖv‡gi evwm›`v n‡q K‡jR cÖv½‡Y wfwWI †dv‡b K_v ejvmn B›Uvi‡b‡Ui myweav¸‡jv †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡Q| wKš‘
w`‡bi we‡kl mgq †m Pvwn`vg‡Zv myweav cvq bv| eÜz‡`i Kv‡QI GKB mgm¨vi K_v Rvb‡Z †c‡i K‡jR KZ…©c‡ÿi `„wó AvKl©Y
Ki‡j Aa¨ÿ g‡nv`q ICT wkÿK‡K `ªæZ weKí Dcv‡q mgm¨vwU mgvav‡bi wb‡`©k †`b| (P”MÖvg †evW©-2016)
K. LAN Kx? 1
L. Ò‡WUv UªvÝwgk‡b Av‡jv‡K iwk¥ cwievnx Zvi DËg|Ó-e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. mygvBqv †Kvb cÖR‡b¥i wWfvBm e¨envi Ki‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki mgm¨vwU mgvav‡b ICT wkÿK wK ai‡bi c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib? hyw³mn we‡kølY Ki| 4

2 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- LANGi c~Y© iƒcLocal Area Network| mvaviYZ 1km ev Zvi Kg Gwiqvi g‡a¨ †ek wKQz Kw¤úDUvi ev
Ab¨‡Kvb wWfvBm mshy³ K‡i †h †bUIqvK© •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K †jvKvj †bUIqvK© ev j¨vb (LAN) e‡j|

2 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi

- †WUv UªvÝwgk‡b Av‡jvK iwk¥ cwievnx Zvi n‡”Q AcwUK¨vj dvBevi|
AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej nj GK ai‡bi Av‡jv cwievnx Zvi hv GK ev GKvwaK AcwUK¨vj dvBevi w`‡q •Zwi Kiv
nq| GB AcwUK¨vj dvBevi •e`y¨wZK AšÍiK ev WvB-B‡jKwUªK c`v_© w`‡q •Zwi GK ai‡bi Avuk ev dvBevi hv
Av‡jv wbeÜKiY I cwien‡b mÿg|
GB Zvi DËg nIqvi KviY n‡jv-
1. B‡jw±ªK¨vj wmMb¨v‡ji cwie‡Z© Av‡jvK wmMb¨vj UªvÝwgU K‡i|
2. G‡Z Av‡jv‡Ki c~Y© Af¨všÍixY cÖwZdjb c×wZ‡Z †WUv Drm †_‡K MšÍ‡e¨ Mgb K‡i|
3. `ªæZ †WUv Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|
4. eo ai‡bi †bUIqv‡K© GB K¨vej e¨eüZ nq|

2 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- mygvBqv MÖv‡gi evwm›`v n‡qI K‡jR cÖv½u‡Y wfwWI †dv‡b K_v ejv mn B›Uvi‡b‡Ui myweav¸‡jv †fvM K‡i| A_©vr
mygvBqv 3q cÖR‡b¥i †gvevBj †dvb e¨envi Ki‡Q|
3q cÖR‡b¥i †gvevBj wm‡÷‡gi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ •ewkó¨ n‡jv-
1. GSM, EDGE, CDMA cÖhyw³i e¨envi|
2. c¨v‡KU myBP c×wZ‡Z †WUv UªvÝwgU nq|
3. D”PMwZ m¤úbœ †WUv UªvÝdvi nq|
4. AvšÍR©vwZK †ivwgs myweav Pvjy nq|
5. wfwWI K‡ji cÖPjb ïiæ nq|
6. ‡gvevB‡j B›Uvi‡bU cÖPjb ïiæ nq|
7. ‡gvevBj USB g‡Wg ms‡hvM e¨e¯’v|

2 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡Ki mgm¨vwU mgvav‡b ICT wkÿK GSM cÖhyw³i cwive‡Z© CDMA cÖhyw³ m¤úbœ ivDUvi e¨envi Ki‡Z
cv‡ib|
KviY, GSM G e¨vÛDBW&_‡K UvBg ¯ø‡U wef³ Kiv nq| GB cÖhyw³‡Z GKvwaK e¨enviKvix GKB e¨vÛDBW&_‡K
†kqvi K‡i _v‡K| ZvB mygvBqvi K‡j‡R e¨enviKixi msL¨v †ewk n‡j m¤úªPv‡ii †ÿ‡Î weNœ N‡U| ICT wkÿK
CDMA cÖhyw³ m¤úbœ ivBUvi e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| KviY CDMA cÖhyw³‡Z ‡WUv A¨vwcø‡Kk‡b A‡bK
e¨vÛDBW_ cvIqv hvq| GQvov †bUIqvK©fz³ cÖwZwU e¨enviKvixi Rb¨ Avjv`vfv‡e GKwU BDwbK †KvW eivÏ
_v‡K| CDMA cÖhyw³‡Z we‡kl mgq Pvwn`vgZ myweav cvIqv hvq| CDMA cÖhyw³i †¯úKUvg© wmMb¨vj A‡bK
†ewk Kfv‡iR cÖ`vb K‡i weavq DÏxc‡Ki mgm¨vwU mgvav‡b ICT wkÿK Gi CDMA cÖhyw³ m¤úbœ ivDUvi
e¨envi Kiv DwPZ|

cÖkœ bs-3:
 we`¨v wb‡KZb K‡j‡R mvf©v‡ii mv‡_ GKwU gvÎ nve e¨envi K‡i AcwU‡Kj dvBev‡ii gva¨‡g K‡qKwU Kw¤úDUv‡ii
ms‡hvM ¯’vcb Kiv nq| cieZ©x‡Z cÖwZôv‡b Kw¤úDUv‡ii msL¨v e„w× cvIqvq GB e¨e¯’v m¤úªmvi‡Yi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv
nq| GQvov `yBwU gvÎ wcÖ›Uvi Ges GKwU ¯‥¨vbvi e¨envi K‡iB cÖwZôvbwU cÖ‡Z¨KwU Kw¤úDUvi †_‡K †m¸‡jv e¨envi
Ki‡Z cvi‡Q| Gi d‡j nvW©Iq¨viMZ LiP A‡bK K‡g Av‡m| (ewikvj †evW©-2016)
K. †WUv Kwgwb‡Kkb †gvW Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. †WUv cwien‡b dvBevi AcwUK K¨vej wbivc` †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K †Kvb †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwRi D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. ÒDÏxc‡K †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡bi D‡Ïk¨ h_vh_ ev¯Íevqb n‡q‡QÓ- Dw³wU g~j¨vqb Ki| 4

3 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- GK Kw¤úDUvi †_‡K Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i †WUv Av`vb-cÖ`v‡b †‡WUv cÖev‡ni w`K‡K †WUv KwgDwb‡Kkb †gvW e‡j|

3 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi

- dvBevi AcwUK K¨vej n‡jv AZ¨šÍ miæ GK ai‡bi Kuv‡Pi Zš‘| Kuv‡Pi Zš‘i ga¨ w`‡q Av‡jvi MwZ‡Z †WUv
Av`vb cÖv`vb Kiv nq| †WUv cwien‡b dvBevi AcwUK K¨vej wbivc` KviY-
1. B‡jKwUªK¨vj wmMb¨vj Gi cwie‡Z© Av‡jvK wmMb¨vj UªvÝwgU K‡i|
2. cwi‡e‡ki Zvc, Pvc †WUv PjvP‡j evavi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡ibv|
3. G‡Z Av‡jv‡Ki c~Y© Af¨všÍixY cÖwZdjb c×wZ‡Z †WUv Drm †_‡K MšÍ‡e¨ Mgb K‡i|
4. `ªæZ †WUv Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|
5. eo ai‡bi †bUIqv‡K© GB K¨vej e¨eüZ nq|
6. ‡WUv msiÿ‡Yi wbivcËv I †MvcbxqZv †ewk|

3 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡K †bUIqvK© wn‡m‡e ÷vi U‡cvjwR D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB †bUIqv‡K© GKwU Kw¤úDUvi Aci GKwU
Kw¤úDUv‡ii mv‡_ Ggbfv‡e hy³ _v‡K hv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv AvKv‡ki ZviKvi g‡Zv| G †bUIqv‡K© nve ev myB‡Pi
gva¨‡g wewfbœ Kw¤úDUvi mshy³ _v‡K| GB nveB †WUv PjvPj wbqš¿Y K‡i| nve Gi ÿgZv hZ †ewk n‡e
†bUIqv‡K© ZZ †ewk ms‡hvM †`Iqv hv‡e| LAN ms‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î G ai‡bi msMVb †ewk e¨eüZ nq| GB
U‡cvjwR‡Z †Kvb Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡q †M‡j †Kvb mgm¨v nq bv| †K›`ªxqfv‡e G U‡cvjwR wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq e‡j µwU
wbY©q Kiv mnR|

3 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡K †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ h_vh_ ev¯Íevqb n‡q‡Q| DÏxc‡Ki eY©bv Abyhvqx cieZ©x‡Z cÖwZôv‡bi
Kw¤úDUv‡ii msL¨v e„w× cvIqvq wUª U‡cvjwR •Zwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB U‡cvjwR‡Z Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_
kvLv cÖkvLv wn‡m‡e web¨¯Í _v‡K| hv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv Mv‡Qi g‡Zv| GLv‡b Mv‡Qi g~j n‡”Q †nv÷ Kw¤úDUvi, evwK
Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv n‡jv kvLv cÖkvLv|
kvLv cÖkvLvi gva¨‡g †bUIqvK© m¤úªmviY myweavRbK| Awdm e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ GB †bUIqvK© †ewk Dc‡hvMx| bZzb
†Kv‡bv †bvW ms‡hvM ev ev` w`‡j †bUIqv‡K©i ¯^vfvweK ¯’vc‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ h_vh_ ev¯Íevqb n‡q‡Q|
 cÖkœ bs-4:
GKwU K‡j‡Ri my‡hvM¨ Aa¨ÿ g‡nv`q 25wU bZzb Kw¤úDUvi w`‡q ICT j¨ve ¯’vc‡bi e¨e¯’v Ki‡jb| j¨vewUi
†bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ wb‡Pi `yBwU wPÎ jÿ Ki- (Kywgjøv †evW©-2016)

K. myBP Kx? 1
L. Av‡jvi MwZi b¨vq †WUv †cÖi‡Yi Rb¨ e¨eüZ K¨vejwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. wPÎ-1 †Kvb †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. Kg Li‡P j¨v‡ei Rb¨ •Zwi DÏxc‡Ki †Kvb U‡cvjwR myweavRbK Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv K‡i gZvgZ `vI| 4

4 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- myBP: †bUIqvK© myBP GK ai‡bi †bUIqvwK©s wWfvBm hv Gi AvIZvaxb wWfvBm¸‡jv‡K GK‡Î mshy³ K‡i| GLv‡b
wWfvBm ej‡Z Kw¤úDUvi, wcÖ›Uvi, ¯‥¨vbvi BZ¨vw`‡K eySvq|

4 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi

- Av‡jvi MwZ‡Z †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi nq AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨ve‡ji gva¨‡g| †jRvi iwk¥i d‡j †WUv Av`vb cÖ`v‡b GB
K¨vej e¨eüZ nq|AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej nj GK ai‡bi Av‡jv cwievnx Zvi hv GK ev GKvwaK AcwUK¨vj
dvBevi w`‡q •Zwi Kiv nq| GB AcwUK¨vj dvBevi •e`y¨wZK AšÍiK ev WvB-B‡jKwUªK c`v_© w`‡q •Zwi GK
ai‡bi Avuk ev dvBevi hv Av‡jv wbeÜKiY I cwien‡b mÿg|
1. B‡jKwUªK¨vj wmMb¨vj Gi cwie‡Z© Av‡jvK wmMb¨vj UªvÝwgU K‡i|
2. cwi‡e‡ki Zvc, Pvc †WUv PjvP‡j evavi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡ibv|
3. G‡Z Av‡jv‡Ki c~Y© Af¨všÍixY cÖwZdjb c×wZ‡Z †WUv Drm †_‡K MšÍ‡e¨ Mgb K‡i|
4. `ªæZ †WUv Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|

4 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡Ki 1 bs wP‡Î †bUIqvK©wU ÷vi U‡cvjwR| G †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR‡Z GKwU Kw¤úDUvi Aci GKwU
Kw¤úDUv‡ii mv‡_ Ggbfv‡e hy³ _v‡K hv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv AvKv‡ki ZviKvi g‡Zv| GB †bUIqv‡K© nve ev myB‡Pi
gva¨‡g wewfbœ Kw¤úDUvi mshy³ _v‡K| GB nveB †WUv PjvPj wbqš¿Y K‡i| nve Gi ÿgZv †ewk n‡jB †bUIqv‡K©
ms‡hvM †ewk †`Iqv hv‡e| LAN ms‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î G ai‡bi msMVb †ewk e¨eüZ nq| GB U‡cvjwR‡Z †Kv‡bv
Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡q †M‡j m¤ú~Y© wm‡÷‡gi Dci †Kv‡bv cÖfve c‡obv| †K›`ªxqfv‡e G U‡cvjwR wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq e‡j
µwU wbY©q Kiv mnR|
4 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡Ki 1 bs wPÎwU ÷vi U‡cvjwR Ges 2 bs wPÎwU evm U‡cvjwR| Kg Li‡P j¨v‡ei Rb¨ DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-2 A_©vr
evm U‡cvjwR AwaK Dc‡hvMx| evm U‡cvjwR c×wZ‡Z GKwU Awfbœ †WUv PjvP‡ji c_ we`¨gvb| mn‡RB bZzb
†WUv ev‡mi mv‡_ mshy³ K‡i †bUIqvK©f‚³ Kiv hvq|
Avevi, †Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUv‡i mgm¨v n‡j †bUIqvK© †_‣K Ly‡j wb‡jB nq| G‡Z Kvh©KvwiZv e¨nZ nq bv| bZzb
Kw¤úDUvi ms‡hv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j g~j ev‡mi mv‡_ ms‡hvM w`‡jB nq| wm‡÷‡gi cwieZ©b nq bv| AwZwi³ LiP
†eu‡P hvq| cÖ‡qvR‡b wiwcUvi e¨envi K‡i evm U‡cvjwR m¤úªmviY Kiv hvq| ÷vi U‡cvjwR‡Z cÖ‡Z¨KwU Kw¤úDUvi
GKwU nve ev myB‡Pi ga¨‡g mshy³ _v‡K e‡j †K›`ªxq nve ev myB‡Pi mgm¨v n‡j cy‡iv †bUIqvK©wU APj n‡q hvq|
U‡cvjwR‡Z cÖPzi K¨vej e¨eüZ nq e‡j GwU e¨qeûj c×wZ|
 cÖkœ bs-5:
wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI: (w`bvRcyi †evW©-2016)

K. nU¯úU Kx? 1
L. AcwUK¨vj dvBevi `ªæZ MwZ‡Z †WUv Av`vb-cÖ`vb K‡i- eywS‡q ej| 2
M. B wP‡Î P wPwýZ wWfvBmwUi eY©bv `vI| 3
N. A, B, C †K e¨envi K‡i bZzb U‡cvjwR •Zwi m¤¢e wK? †Zvgvi Dˇii mc‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| 4

5 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- nU¯úU n‡jv GK ai‡bi Iq¨vi‡jm †bUIqvK© hv †gvevBj Kw¤úDUvi I wWfvBm †hgb- ¯§vU© †dvb, wcwWG, U¨ve,
†bUeyK, †bvUeyK ev j¨vcUc BZ¨vw`‡Z B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM mieivn K‡i|

5 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi

- Av‡jvi MwZ‡Z †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi nq AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨ve‡ji gva¨‡g| AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej nj GK ai‡bi
Av‡jv cwievnx Zvi hv GK ev GKvwaK AcwUK¨vj dvBevi w`‡q •Zwi Kiv nq| GB AcwUK¨vj dvBevi •e`y¨wZK
AšÍiK ev WvB-B‡jKwUªK c`v_© w`‡q •Zwi GK ai‡bi Avuk ev dvBevi hv Av‡jv wbeÜKiY I cwien‡b mÿg|
1. B‡jKwUªK¨vj wmMb¨vj Gi cwie‡Z© Av‡jvK wmMb¨vj UªvÝwgU K‡i|
2. cwi‡e‡ki Zvc, Pvc †WUv PjvP‡j evavi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡ibv|
3. G‡Z Av‡jv‡Ki c~Y© Af¨všÍixY cÖwZdjb c×wZ‡Z †WUv Drm †_‡K MšÍ‡e¨ Mgb K‡i|
4. `ªæZ †WUv Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|
myZivs ejv hvq, AcwUK¨vj dvBevi `ªæZ MwZ‡Z †WUv Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i|

5 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- B wP‡Î P wPwýZ wWfvBmwU n‡jv nve| `yB Gi AwaK Kw¤úDUv‡ii g‡a¨ †bUIqvK© ‣Zwi Ki‡Z Ggb GKwU †K›`ªxq
wWfvBm `iKvi nq hv cÖwZwU Kw¤úDUvi‡K mshy³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB wWfvBm‡K nve e‡j| nv‡ei gva¨‡g
Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ mshy³ _v‡K| nve mywbw`©ó Kw¤úDUv‡i †WUv bv cvwV‡q mKj Kw¤úDUv‡i cvVvq|
d‡j †WUv cvVv‡Z †ewk mgq jv‡M| nv‡ei †cvU© evg _v‡K| †bUIqv‡K© nve e¨envi Ki‡j Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e LiP Kg
jv‡M| nve myBP A‡cÿv Kg MwZ‡Z KvR K‡i|

5 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡Ki A, B I C n‡jv h_vµ‡g evm, ÷vi I wis U‡cvjwR| GB wZbwU U‡cvjwR e¨envi K‡i bZzb †h
U‡cvjwR •Zwi Kiv m¤¢e Zv n‡jv nvBweªW U‡cvjwR| †h‡Kv‡bv `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †bUIqv‡K©i mgš^‡q †h †bUIqvK©
MwVZ nq Zv‡K nvBweªW †bUIqvK© e‡j| B›Uvi‡bU GKwU nvBweªW †bUIqvK© †Kbbv G‡Z cÖvq me ai‡bi †bUIqvK©B
mshy³ _v‡K|
nvBweªW †bUIqv‡K©i myweav I Amyweav †bUIqv‡K© e¨eüZ U‡cvjwR¸‡jvi Dci wbf©i K‡i| nvBweªW †bUIqvK©
U‡cvjwRi m¤úªmviY I mgm¨v wbY©q mnR Ges e¨eüZ cÖwZwU U‡cvjwRi myweav cvIqv hvq|
 cÖkœ bs-6:
wgt ‘X’ e¨emvi Rb¨ GKwU eûZj fe‡b ¯’vwcZ Awd‡mi Kw¤úDUvimg~n K¨vej Gi gva¨‡g mshy³ K‡ib hvi MwZ
800 bps| G‡Z Zvi Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv KóKi| ZvB mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ Kw¤úDUvi BwÄwbqvi eÜzi civg‡k©
AwaK MwZm¤úbœ K¨vej †bUIqvK© ¯’vcb Ki‡jb| (h‡kvi †evW©-2016)
K. K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Kx? 1
L. †Kvb UªvÝwgk‡b GKB m‡½ Dfqw`‡K WvUv Av`vb- cÖ`vb Kiv hvq?- e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡K wgt ‘X’ †Kvb ai‡bi e¨vÛDB_ e¨envi Ki‡Qb?-e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K †WUv PjvP‡ji MwZe„w×i mc‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| 4
6 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi
- K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs: K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Ggb GKwU Kw¤úDwUs cÖhyw³ hv B›Uvi‡bU Ges †K›`ªxq wi‡gvU mvf©vi e¨env‡ii
gva¨‡g †WUv Ges A¨vwcø‡Kkbmg~n wbqš¿Y I iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z mÿg|
6 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- dzj-Wz‡cø· UªvÝwgk‡b †WUv GKB m‡½ Dfqw`‡K Av`vb cÖ`vb Kiv hvq|
†WUv KwgDwb‡Kk‡bi mgq †WUv UªvÝdv‡ii †ÿ‡Î GKB mg‡q Dfq w`‡K †WUv †cÖiY I MÖn‡Yi e¨e¯’v _v‡K|
D`vniY- †Uwj‡dvb, †gvevBj †dvb|
6 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡K wgt X f‡qm e¨vÛ e¨vÛDBW_ e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| GwUi MwZ mvaviYZ 9600bps ch©šÍ n‡q _v‡K| GwU
mvaviYZ †Uwj‡dv‡b †ewk e¨eüZ nq| †Uwj‡dvb jvB‡b G e¨v‡Û mvaviYZ 200 †_‡K 3600 nvR© wd«Kz‡qw݇Z
Z_¨ ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv hvq| Kw¤úDUvi †_‡K wcÖ›Uv‡i A_ev KvW© wifvi †_‡K Kw¤úDUv‡i †WUv ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii †ÿ‡ÎI f‡qm
e¨vÛ e¨envi Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
6 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K wgt X cÖ_‡g Zvi Awd‡mi Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv †h K¨ve‡ji gva¨‡g mshy³ K‡ib Zvi MwZ
800bps| G‡Z Zvi Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv KóKi| ZvB mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ Ges Kv‡Ri MwZ e„w×i Rb¨ K¨vej
cwieZ©‡bi K_v fve‡jb| ZvB wZwb cieZ©x‡Z Zvi eÜyi civgk©µ‡g AwaK MwZ m¤úbœ eªW e¨vÛ K¨vej e¨envi ïiæ
K‡ib| KviY D”P MwZ m¤úbœ †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi cÖwµqvq eªWe¨vÛ e¨envi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| eªWe¨v‡Û AwaK Z_¨ Ken‡bi
ÿgZv _v‡K| GB e¨v‡Ûi MwZ 1mbps ev Gi †P‡q †ewk nq _v‡K| d‡j gvB‡µvI‡qf, m¨v‡UjvBU
KwgDwb‡Kk‡bi †ÿ‡Î e¨vÛ e¨eüZ nq| Aciw`‡K b¨v‡iv I f‡qm e¨vÛ Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û Kg †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi
nq|
d‡j G ai‡bi e¨vÛDBW_ Gi K¨vej e¨envi Ki‡j Awd‡m †WUv ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii MwZ K‡g hv‡e| ZvB Awd‡m †hUv
¯’vbvšÍ‡ii MwZ e„w×i Rb¨ eªWe¨vÛ e¨vÛDBW_ Gi K¨vej e¨envi Kiv nq|

cÖkœ bs-7:
GKw`b iwdK mv‡n‡ei Awd‡m e¨eüZ †bUIqv‡K©i †Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUviB KvR KiwQj bv| AbymÜv‡b Rvbv hvq †h gvÎ
GKwU Kw¤úDUvi bó nIqvi Kvi‡Y GgbwU N‡U| Aciw`‡K wgRvb mv‡n‡ei Awd‡m e¨eüZ †bUIqv‡K©i `ywU Kw¤úDUvi
bó n‡jI Ab¨vb¨ Kw¤úDUviM‡jv GKwU †K›`ªxq wWfvB‡mi mv‡_ hy³ wQj|
K) e¨vÛDBW&_& Kx? 1
L) Av‡jvi MwZ‡Z †WUv ¯’vbvšÍie¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M) iwdK mv‡n‡ei Awd‡m e¨eüZ †bUIqv‡K© mvaviYZ †h ai‡bi K¨vej e¨eüZ nq Zv eY©bv Ki| 3
N) DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ U‡cvjwR؇qi g‡a¨ †KvbwU †ewk wbf©i‡hvM¨ we‡kølYc~e©K gZvgZ `vI| 4

7 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- e¨vÛDBW&_: GK ¯’vb n‡Z Ab¨ ¯’v‡b wKsev GK Kw¤úDUvi n‡Z Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i †WUv ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii nvi‡K †WUv
UªvÝwgkb ¯úxW ev e¨vÛDBW&_ e‡j| GB e¨vÛDBW&_ mvaviYZ Bit per Second (bps) G wnmve Kiv nq|
 7 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- Av‡jvi MwZ‡Z †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi nq AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨e‡ji gva¨‡g| AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej nj GK ai‡bi
Av‡jv cwievnx Zvi hv GK ev GKvwaK AcwUK¨vj dvBevi w`‡q •Zwi Kiv nq| GB AcwUK¨vj dvBevi •e`y¨wZK
AšÍiK ev WvB-B‡jKwUªK c`v_© w`‡q •Zwi GK ai‡bi Avuk ev dvBevi hv Av‡jv wbeÜKiY I cwien‡b mÿg|
1. B‡jKwUªK¨vj wmMb¨vj Gi cwie‡Z© Av‡jvK wmMb¨vj UªvÝwgU K‡i|
2. cwi‡e‡ki Zvc, Pvc †WUv PjvP‡j evavi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡ibv|
3. G‡Z Av‡jv‡Ki c~Y© Af¨všÍixY cÖwZdjb c×wZ‡Z †WUv Drm †_‡K MšÍ‡e¨ Mgb K‡i|
4. `ªæZ †WUv Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|
GB K¨ve‡ji gva¨‡g †WUv Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †jRvi iwk¥ e¨eüZ nq|

7 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- iwdK mv‡n‡ei Awd‡m e¨eüZ †bUIqv‡K© mvaviYZ UzB‡÷W †cqvi K¨vej e¨eüZ nq| GB K¨ve‡j `ywU cwievnx
Zvgvi Zvi‡K mylgfv‡e †cuwP‡q •Zwi Kiv nq| c¨uvPv‡bv Zvi `ywU‡K c„_K ivLvi Rb¨ gvSLv‡b Acwievnx c`v_©
e¨eüZ nq| GB K¨ve‡ji mvaviYZ Pvi †Rvov Zvi e¨eüZ nq| hvi g‡a¨ GKwU mv`v I Aci¸‡jv wfbœ i‡Oi n‡q
_v‡K| Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e ¯^í g~‡j¨i e‡j GB K¨vej LyeB RbwcÖq|
A_©vr UzB‡÷W †cqvi K¨vej evB‡ii `ylYgy³ Ges GwU e¨env‡ii d‡j K_v ejvi mgq †Kv‡bv Amyweav nq bv| 100
wgUvi ev Zvi †P‡q Kg `~‡i‡Z¡i g‡a¨ G K¨vej e¨envi Kiv nq|

7 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- iwdK mv‡n‡ei Awd‡m e¨eüZ †bUIqvK© n‡jv wis U‡cvjwR| Ab¨w`‡K wgRvb mv‡n‡ei Awd‡m e¨eüZ †bUIqvK©
n‡jv ÷vi U‡cvjwR|
DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ U‡cvjwR؇qi g‡a¨ ÷vi U‡cvjwR †ewk wbf©i‡hvM¨| GB U‡cvjwR‡Z †bUIqvK©hy³ mKj
Kw¤úDUvi GKwU †K›`ªxq ¯’v‡b hy³ _v‡K| †Kvb GKwU Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡q †M‡j Ab¨vb¨ Kw¤úDUv‡ii Dci cÖfve
c‡obv| †Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUv‡i mgm¨v n‡j `ªæZ mgm¨v mgvavb Kiv hvq|
Aciw`‡K wis U‡cvjwR‡Z Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †Kvb †K›`ªxq wWfvBm hy³ bv _vKvq †Kvb Kw¤úDcv‡i mgm¨v n‡j
cy‡iv †bUIqvK© APj n‡q c‡o|
AZGe, DcwiD³ Av‡jvPbv n‡Z ejv hvq †h, wis U‡cvjwRi Zzjbvq ÷vi U‡cvjwR †ewk wbf©i‡hvM¨|

cÖkœ bs-8:
mvjvg I Kvjvg `yB eÜz Zv‡`i cvk w`‡q GKRb cywjk GKwU wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g K_v ej‡Q Ges K_v ejv †kl n‡j Aci
cÿ‡K K_v ejvi wmMb¨vj w`‡”Q| mvjvg mv‡_ _vKv GKwU wWfvBm w`‡q Zvi mv‡_ GKB mg‡q K_v ej‡Q I ïb‡Q| Kvjvg
ejj Ò‡`v¯Í ZvovZvwo evmvq wdi‡Z n‡e| Avgvi †iwWI‡Z mKv‡j ï‡bwQ AvR e„wó n‡Z cv‡i| (wm‡jU †evW©-2016)
K. jwRK †MBU Kx? (Aa¨vq- 3q) 1
L. Ò †h K¨vej‡K †bUIqv‡K©i e¨vKeb ejv nqÓÑe¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
M. cywj‡ki e¨eüZ wWfvBmwUi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvo eY©bv K‡iv| 3
N. mvjvg I Kvjv‡gi e¨eüZ wWfvBm؇qi g‡a¨ †KvbwUi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW †ewk myweavRbK we‡kølYc~e©K
gZvgZ `vI| 4

8 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivq †g․wjK KvR¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †h wWwRUvj B‡jKUªwb· mvwK©U e¨eüZ nq Zv‡K jwRK
†MBU e‡j|
8 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej‡K †bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb ejv nq| KuvP ev cøvwóK w`‡q •Zwi GK ai‡bi Avuk hv GB
K¨ve‡j e¨eüZ nq| AšÍiK c`v_© w`‡q •Zwi e‡j •e`y¨wZK Pz¤K
^ xq cÖfve n‡Z gy³| †QvU AvK…wZi Ges Kg we`y¨r
Li‡Pi Kvi‡Y AcwUK¨vj dvBevi †bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|
 8 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡K cywj‡ki e¨eüZ wWfvBmwUi bvg IqvwKUvwK| hvi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW nvd-Wz‡cø·| †WUv KwgDwb‡Kk‡bi
mgq GKB mv‡_ †WUv MÖnY I †cÖiY Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| A_©vr GB Ae¯’vq Dfq w`K †_‡K †WUv †cÖiY I MÖnY Gi
my‡hvM _v‡K | Z‡e Zv GKB mg‡q ev hyMcrfv‡e m¤¢e bq|
8 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡K mvjv‡gi mv‡_ _vKv wWfvBmwU †gvevBj hvi †hUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW dzj-Wz‡cø·| cÿvšÍ‡i Kvjv‡gi
wWfvBmwU n‡jv †iwWI hvi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW wmg‡cø·|
dzj Wz‡cø· c×wZ‡Z †WUv KwgDwb‡Kk‡bi mgq †WUv UªvÝdv‡ii †ÿ‡Î GKB mg‡q Dfq w`‡K †WUv †cÖiY I MÖnY
Ki‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY- †Uwj‡dvb, ‡gvevBj BZ¨vw`|
Ab¨w`‡K wmg‡cø· †gvW †WUv KwgDwb‡Kk‡bi mgq †WUv UªvÝdv‡ii †ÿ‡Î ïaygvÎ GKw`‡K †cÖiY Kiv hv‡e| †h
cÖvšÍ †WUv †cÖiY Ki‡Z cvi‡e †m cÖvšÍ KLbB †WUv MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| D`vniY- †iwWI, wUwf BZ¨vw`|
Dc‡iv³ welqwU ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, mvjv‡gi mv‡_ _vKv †gvevBjwU hvi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW dzj -
Wz‡cø· †mwU AwaKZi DbœZ| †Kbbv G‡Z GKB mg‡q Dfq w`K n‡Z †WUv †cÖib-I MÖn‡Yi e¨e¯’v _v‡K|

cÖkœ bs-9:
bymvBev Zvi d¬¨v‡Ui wZbwU iæ‡gi wZbwU Kw¤úDUvi‡K †bIUIqv‡K© ¯’vcb Ki‡Z PvBj hv‡Z Zvi evevi iæ‡g
Kw¤úDUv‡ii mv‡_ hy³ wcÖ›UviwU cwiev‡ii mevB e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i| †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡b Zvi evevi civgk© n‡jv †Kv‡bv
bv †Kv‡bv Zvi (K¨vej) gva¨g e¨envi Kiv Ges Zvi Av¤§vi civgk© n‡jv †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv Iq¨vi‡jm wgwWqv e¨envi
Kiv| Z‡e bymvBev gv‡S gv‡S wb‡Ri †gvevBj †dvb Ges Zvi Av¤§vi †gvevBj †dv‡bi mv‡_ IEEE 802.15 ÷¨vÛvW©-
Gi GKwU cÖhyw³i mvnv‡h¨ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb K‡i| (XvKv †evW©-2016)
K. NIC Kx? 1
L. 9600 bps w¯úWwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. bymvBev DÏxc‡K †h c×wZi mvnv‡h¨ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb K‡i †mB c×wZwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡b bymvBevi Kvi civgk© MÖnY Kiv DwPZ e‡j Zzwg g‡b Ki? Dˇii mc‡ÿ hyw³`vI| 4

9 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- NIC: NICGi c~Y©iƒc Network Interface card | Kw¤úDUvi ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wWfvBm‡K †bUIqv‡K© hy³ Kivi
Rb¨ †h B›Uvi‡dm KvW© e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K †bUIqvK© B›Uvi‡dm KvW© ev wbK (NIC) KvW© ejv nq|

9 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi

- 9600 bps w¯úWwU n‡jv f‡qm e¨vÛ| 9600 bps ej‡Z eySvq cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 9600 bit ‡WUv ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq|
†Uwj‡dvb jvB‡b GB e¨vÛDBW&_ e¨envi Kiv nq|

9 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- bymvBev DÏxc‡K †h c×wZi mvnv‡h¨ Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i †mwU n‡jv eøyUz_| Gi ÷¨vÛvW© n‡”Q IEEE 802.15|
eøyUz_ n‡jv GKwU Zvinxb †hvMv‡hvM c×wZ| hv `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK h‡š¿i g‡a¨ †hvMv‡hvM •Zwi K‡i| Bnv 10 †m.wg.
†_‡K 100 wgUvi `~i‡Z¡i g‡a¨ †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi K‡i _v‡K| GwU PAN Gi Iq¨vi‡jm wfwËK †bUIqv‡K©i
AvIZvfz³| Bnv 2.4GHZ wd«‡Kv‡qwÝ e¨v‡Û KvR K‡i|
‡dv‡bi mv‡_ n¨vÛm wd« †nW †m‡Ui wd«‡Kv‡qwÝ NwU‡q †WUv ¯’vbvšÍ‡i eøyUz_ e¨eüZ nq|

9 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡Ki †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡bi †ÿ‡Î bymvBevi gv‡qi civgk© MÖnY Kiv DwPZ e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| bymvBev Zvi
d¬v‡Ui wZbwU iæ‡gi Kw¤úDUvi‡K †bUIqv‡K© ¯’vcb Ki‡Z Pvq| G‡ÿ‡Î Zvi gv‡qi civgk© n‡jv †h‡K‡bv Iqvi‡jm
wgwWqvi mvnv‡h¨ †bUIqvK©wU MVb Kiv| G †ÿ‡Î me‡P‡q Dc‡hvMx gva¨gwU n‡jv Wi-Fi| Wi-Fi n‡”Q Local
Area Network (LAN) Iq¨vi‡jm e¨e¯’v| †hLv‡b mn‡RB B›Uvi‡bU mshy³ Kiv hvq| Wi-Fi-Gi ÷¨vÛvW©
n‡jv IEEE 302.15| Kg Li‡P Lye mn‡R GK ¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨ ¯’v‡b enb Kiv hvq|
 Aciw`‡K bymvBevi evevi civgk© n‡jv †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡b †Kvb K¨vej e¨envi Kiv| †hgb- UzB‡÷W †cqvi, †Kv-
Gw·qvj K¨vej| wKš‘ GB c×wZ e¨qeûj|
ZvQvov K¨vej w`‡q •ZwiK…Z †bUIqvK© EMI Øviv evav MÖ¯’ nq|
Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv †k‡l Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi, †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡bi †ÿ‡Î bymvBev gv‡qi civgk© (Iqvi‡jm gva¨g)
MÖnY Ki‡jB me‡P‡q †ewk DcK…Z n‡e|

cÖkœ bs-10:
Rvwid I Rvqvb GKv`k †kÖwYi QvÎ| Zv‡`i wkÿvi gvb Dbœq‡b ICT wkÿ‡Ki civg‡k© j¨vcUc I B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM †bq|
evwo‡Z †Uwjwfkb bv _vKvq gv‡S gv‡S evwoi mK‡j wg‡j wewfbœ Abyôvb I wµ‡KU †Ljv †`‡L| wKQzw`b ci †`Lv †Mj
B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM _vKvi Kvi‡Y Rvwi‡di †iRvë †ek fvj nq| wKš‘ Rvqvb wcwQ‡q c‡o| (w`bvRcyi †evW©-2017)
K. K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Kx? 1
L. ÒAcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej‡K †bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb ejv nqÓ- e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Abyôvb I wµ‡KU †Ljvq e¨eüZ †WUv Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi †gvW e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. Rvwid I Rvqv‡bi †iRv‡ë Kx ai‡bi cÖfve cwijwÿZ nq DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K we‡kølYc~e©K gZvgZ `vI| 4
10b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi
- K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs: K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Ggb GKwU Kw¤úDwUs cÖhyw³ hv B›Uvi‡bU Ges †K›`ªxq wi‡gvU mvf©vi e¨env‡ii
gva¨‡g †WUv Ges A¨vwcø‡Kkbmg~n wbqš¿Y I iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z mÿg|
10b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- AvaywbK †bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb K¨vej wnmv‡e †Zv e‡UB GgbwK mvaviY †bUIqv‡K©i K¨vewjs wm‡÷g wn‡m‡eI
B`vwbs dvBevi AcwUK AZ¨šÍ RbwcÖq| KviY dvBevi AcwUK K¨vej ev Ab¨vb¨ K¨ve‡ji Zzjbvq A‡bK †ewk
nvjKv, cvZjv, †UKmB Ges EMI gy³| ZvB AcwUK¨vj dvBevi‡K †bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb ejv nq|
10 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Abyôvb I wµ‡KU †Ljvq e¨eüZ †WUv Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi †gvW n‡”Q eªWKvó|
eªWKvó †gv‡W †bUIqvK© †Kv‡bv GKwU †gvW †_‡K †WUv †cÖiY Ki‡j Zv †bUIqv‡K©i Aaxb¯’ mKj †bvWB MÖnb Ki‡Z
cv‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î GKwU †cÖiK †_‡K †bUIqv‡K©i Aaxb¯’ mKj cÖvcKB ‡WUv MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

wPÎ:
Dc‡ii wP‡Î A ‡bvW †_‡K †Kv‡bv †WUv †cÖiY Ki‡j Zvi Aaxb¯’ C, D mK‡j †WUv cÖnY K‡i|

10 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡Ki Df‡qi evmvq B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM _vK‡jI, Rvwi‡di †iRvë fv‡jv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ Rvqv‡bi †iRvë Lvivc
n‡q‡Q| wb‡P Gi KviY e¨vL¨v Kiv nj| B›Uvi‡bU Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³i Ab¨Zg cÖavb Dcv`vb| GB B›Uvi‡bU
gvby‡li Rxe‡b mydj bv Kzdj e‡q Avb‡e GUv wbf©i Ki‡e Zvi wPšÍv †PZbvi Dci| eZ©gv‡b wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î
B›Uvi‡b‡Ui e¨vcK e¨envi jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| GLb †KD B‡”Q Ki‡j B›Uvi‡b‡U e‡m KvbvWv ev Bsj¨v‡Ûi g‡Zv
bvgKiv †`‡ki †miv jvB‡eªwii †kÖô eB¸‡jv co‡Z cvi‡Q| d‡j wkÿv GLb A‡bK mnR cÖvc¨ n‡q D‡V‡Q|
GQvovI B›Uvi‡b‡U A‡bK wkÿvg~jK mvBU i‡q‡Q| †hLv‡b †h‡Kv‡bv welq m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbv hvq, Rvwid
B›Uvi‡b‡U Kv‡bKkb fv‡jv c‡_ e¨q K‡i‡Q| d‡j Zvi †iRvë fvj n‡q‡Q|
Ab¨w`‡K B›Uvi‡bU Gi gva¨‡g AkøxjZv, Aciva cÖeYZv, †MvcbxqZv BZ¨vw` e„w× cv‡”Q| Rvqvb B›Uvi‡bU e¨envi
Kivi mgq mwVKfv‡e e¨envi bv K‡i B›Uvi‡b‡U Ace¨envi K‡i‡Q| G‡K ïay †jLvcov bq, wewfbœ ai‡bi kvixwiK
mgm¨vI †`Lv †`q| d‡j B›Uvi‡b‡U e¨envi mevB‡K mZK© n‡Z n‡e|

cÖkœ bs-11:
 AvBwmwU wbf©i Ávb I cÖhyw³ gvbyl‡K mg„w×i c‡_ GwM‡q wb‡”Q| Avwid ICT wel‡q covïbv K‡i Ggb GKwU
†hvMv‡hvM gva¨g m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvij †hLv‡b k‡ãi cvkvcvwk Pjgvb QweI cvVv‡bv hvq| Z‡e G gva¨‡g †WUv euvKv
c‡_ PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i bv weavq DuPz fe‡bi Dci UvIqvi emv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb nq hvi wd«‡Kv‡qwÝ 300MHz n‡Z
300GHz cieZ©x‡Z bZzb D™¢vweZ GKwU cÖhyw³i mv‡_ Gi mw¤§jb NUv‡bv nq, hv mgy‡`ªi Zj‡`k w`‡q GK gnv‡`k‡K
Ab¨ gnv‡`‡ki mv‡_ hy³ K‡i‡Q| (ewikvj †evW©-2017)
K. weªR Kx? 1
L. IqvwKUwK‡Z hyMcr K_v ejv I †kvbv m¤¢e bq †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 1g gva¨gwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. ÔwØZxq gva¨g A‡cÿvK…Z myweavRbKÕ- hyw³mn g~j¨vqb Ki| 4

11 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- weªR n‡”Q Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î e¨eüZ GK ai‡bi we‡kl †bUIqvK© wWfvBm hv GKvwaK LAN wfZ‡i
ms‡hvM ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq|
11 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- IqvwKUwK n‡”Q Half-duplex cÖhyw³| GB e¨env‡i Dfqw`‡K †_‡K †WUv †cÖi‡Yi my‡hvM _v‡K, Z‡e Zv GKB
mg‡q ev hyMcr m¤¢e bq| †h‡Kvb cÖvšÍ GKB mg‡q †KejgvÎ †WUv MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ MÖnY Ges †cÖiY GKB
mv‡_ Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| wb‡¤œ wP‡Î †`Lv hv‡”Q A hLb †WUv †cÖiY Ki‡e B ZLb †WUv MÖnb Ki‡e, †cÖiY Ki‡Z
cvi‡e bv|A Gi †WUv †cÖiY cÖwµqv †kl nevi ci B ‡WUv †cÖiY Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges A I B ‡WUv MÖnY Ki‡Z
cvi‡e|
A <------------- B

wPÎ: Half-duplex

11 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡K 1g gva¨gwU n‡”Q †Uwiw÷ªqvj gvB‡µvI‡qf| †Uwiw÷ªqvj gvB‡µvI‡qf n‡”Q GK ai‡bi B‡j‡±ªv
g¨vM‡bwUK I‡qf hv †m‡KÛ cÖvq 1 wMMv ev Zvi †P‡q †ewkevi K¤úb wewkó| †Uwi‡÷ªvwiqvj gvB‡µvI‡qf e¨envi
ms‡hvM K‡i †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi A_©vr Kw¤úDUvi cÖ`Ë †WUv, K_v, Ges Qwe BZ¨vw` ¯’vbvšÍi m¤¢e|
`yi cvjøvq †WUv UªvÝwgkb-G gvB‡µvI‡qf AZ¨šÍ RbwcÖq c×wZ| G ai‡bi cÖhyw³‡Z f‚ -c„‡ôB UªvÝwgUvi I wiwmfvi
emv‡bv nq| G‡Z †gMvnvU©R wd«‡Kv‡qwÝ mxgvi wb‡Pi w`‡K wd«‡Kv‡qwÝ e¨envi Kiv nq| GwU GKwU wmMb¨vj UªvÝwgU
Ges wiwmf K‡i| †Uwi‡÷ªvwiqvj gvB‡µvI‡qf euvKv c‡_ PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB †cÖiK I MÖvnK Kw¤úDUv‡ii
g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv evav _vK‡j ms‡KZ cvVv‡bv hvq bv| GRb¨ gvB‡µvI‡qf G¨vw›Ubv eo †Kv‡bv feb ev UvIqv‡ii Ici
emv‡bv nq|
11 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g gva¨gwU n‡”Q †Uwiw÷ªqvj gvB‡µvI‡qf Ges wØZxqwU n‡”Q dvBevi AcwUK K¨vej| †Uwiw÷ªqvj
gvB‡µvI‡qf n‡”Q GK avivi B‡jK‡UªvwUK I‡qf hv †m‡K‡Û cÖvq 1 wMMv ev Zvi †P‡q †ewkevi K¤úb wewkó| wKš‘
†Uwiw÷ªqvj gvB‡µvI‡qf euvKv c‡_ PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB †cÖiK I MÖvnK Kw¤úDUv‡ii g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv evav
_vK‡j ms‡KZ cvVv‡bv hvq bv| GRb¨ gvB‡µvI‡qf G¨vw›Ubv eo †Kv‡bv feb ev UvIqv‡ii †ci emv‡bv nq|
AcwUK¨vj dvBevi KwgDwb‡Kkb e¨e¯’v †ek mnR Ges †UwjKwgDwb‡Kkb e¨em¯’vi mv‡_ Gi h‡_ó wgj i‡q‡Q|
†cÖiK hš¿, †cÖiY gva¨g Ges MÖvnK hš¿ G wZbwU g~j Ask wb‡q dvBevi AcwUK KwgDwb‡Kkb e¨e¯’v msMwVZ|
AcwUK¨vj dvBevi Av‡jvK iwk¥i c~Y© Af¨šÍixb cÖwZdjb Gi gv¨‡g †WUv cwienb K‡i _v‡K| G‡Z wMMvevBU †iÝ
ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk MwZ‡Z †WUv PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i, D”P e¨vÛDB_ AvKv‡i †QvU Ges IRb AZ¨šÍ Kg, kw³ e¨q
K‡i Kg|
we`y¨r, †P․¤^K cÖevn n‡Z gy³| ZvB AvaywbK †bUIqvK© e¨vK‡evb K¨vej wn‡m‡e dvBevi AcwUK K¨vej AZ¨šÍ
RbwcÖq| A_©vr DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g gva¨gwU †_‡K wØZxq gva¨gwU AwaK myweavRbK|
cÖkœ bs-12:
wg. ‘X’ Kw¤úDUv‡i e‡m GKwU eªvDRvi mdUIq¨vi I‡cb (Open) K‡i cÖ_‡g Zvi A¨v‡Wm ev‡i GKwU G‡Wªm wj‡L
 G›Uvi (Enter) Pvcj| d‡j GKwU †gBj mvwf©m I‡cb n‡jv| Zvici †m †gBj mvwf©m †_‡K GKUv A¨vUvP‡g›U dvBj
WvDb‡jvW Ki‡jv| (ivRkvnx †evW©-2017)
K. U‡cvjwR Kx? 1
L. dvBevi AcwU· K¨vej B Gg AvB (EMI) gy³ †Kb? 2
M. wg. ‘X’ Gi e¨eüZ †mevwU †Zvgvi cwVZ cvV¨m~wPi Av‡jv‡K eY©bv Ki| 3
N. wg. ‘X’ Gi †Kvb †Kvb Kv‡R Kx Kx ai‡bi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW I †g_W e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
12 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi
- †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR : †bUIqv‡K©i Kw¤úDUvi ev Ab¨vb¨ hš¿cvwZ¸‡jv‡K Zv‡ii gva¨‡g hy³ Kivi bK&kv Ges Gi
cvkvcvwk ms‡hvMKvix Zv‡ii wfZi w`‡q †WUv hvZvqv‡Zi Rb¨ hyw³ wbf©i c‡_i †h cwiKíbv G `yÕ‡qi mgwš^Z
aviYv‡K ejv nq †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR|
12 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- AcwUK¨vj dvBevi n‡jv WvB-B‡jKwUª· c`v_© w`‡q •Zwi GK cÖKvi Avuk| hv Av‡jv wbeÜKiY I cwien‡b m¤¢e|
GwU B‡jKwUªK wmMbv‡ji cwie‡Z© Av‡jvK ev jvBU wmMb¨vj UªvÝwgU Kivi d‡j AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨ve‡j †Kv‡bv
Zwor ‡P․¤^K Gi Dcw¯’wZ †bB| A_©vr AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej Zwor †P․¤^K Gi Dcw¯’wZ bv _vKvi KviY K¨vejwU
BGgAvB (EMI) gy³|
12 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- wg X Gi Gi e¨eüZ †mevwU n‡”Q K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs| B›Uvi‡bU wbf©i Kw¤úDwUs n‡”Q K¬vDf Kw¤úDwUs cÖhyw³ hv
B›Uvi‡bU Ges †K›`ªxq wi‡gvU mvf©vi e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g †WUv Ges A¨vwcø‡Kkbmg~n wbqš¿Y I iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z
mÿg| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖwZwU e¨enviKvix‡K K¬v‡q›U wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| aiv hvK, GKwU †Kv¤úvwbi QqwU
mvf©vi `iKvi| G¸‡jv µq K‡i †mUAvc Kiv Ges †gBb‡UÝ Ki‡Zv A‡bK LiP Ki‡Z n‡e| memgq G¸‡jv
e¨envi bv n‡jI LiP Kgv‡bv hv‡ebv| wKš‘ †Kv¤úvwbwU hw` K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs myweav †bq Zvn‡j NÈv wn‡m‡e wej
w`‡Z n‡j A‡bK wej w`‡Z n‡e| cvIqvidzj †gwkb Pvjvevi Rb¨ AwZwi³ we`y¨r LiP ev †gwkb iæg VvÛv ivLv
`iKvi †bB| †jv-KbwdMv‡ik‡bi wKQz †gwkb ivL‡jB n‡e| Avi _vK‡Z n‡e `ªæZMwZi B›Uvi‡bU| Awd‡mi G †jv-
cvIqvi Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv w`‡q K¬vD‡Wi fvP©yqvj †gwkb¸‡jv †_‡K A¨v‡Wªm K‡i †mev MÖnY Ki‡Z cvie|
12 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- wg X Gi †gBj Kv‡R †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW Gi AšÍM©Z gvwëKv÷ †gvW e¨envi n‡q‡Q| gvwëKv÷ †gvW eªWKvó
†gv‡Wi gZB Z‡e cv_©K¨ n‡j gvwëKvó †gv‡W †bUIqv‡K©i †Kvbv GKwU †bvW †_‡K WvUv †cÖiY Ki‡j Zv
†bUIqv‡K©i Awab¯’ mKj m`m¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb B-†gBj †ÿ‡Î ïay gvÎ hv‡`i AbygwZ _vK‡e Zviv ïay
e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

B, D, E GKB MÖ”‡ci m`m¨ weavq †WUv MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|

DÏxc‡K wP‡Î A ‡cÖiK †bvW †_‡K †_‡K †Kv‡bv †Uó †cÖiY Ki‡j Zv †bUIqv‡K©i Aaxb¯’ B, D I E ‡bvW MÖnb
K‡i| C ‡bvW †WUv MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv KviY C ‡bvW Av‡jvP¨ B- †gBj e¨enviKvix m`m¨ bq|
wg X Gi B-†gBj mvwf©m †_‡K GKUv A¨vUvm‡g›U dvBj WvDb‡jvW Ki‡Z A¨vwmb‡µvbvm UªvÝwgkb c×wZ e¨envi, Kiv nq|
†h †WUv UªvÝwgkb wm‡÷g †cÖiK n‡Z †WUv MÖvn‡K K¨v‡i±vi evB K¨v‡i±vi UªvÝwgU nq Zv‡K A¨vwmb‡µvbvm UªvÝwgkb e‡j|
A¨vwmb‡µvbv‡mi •ewkó¨ nj-
1. †cÖiK †h †Kv‡bv mgq †WUv UªvÝwgkb Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges MÖvnKI Zv MÖnb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
2. GKwU K¨v‡i±vi UªvÝwgU Kivi ci Av‡iKwU K¨v‡i±vi UªvÝwgU Kivi gvSLv‡bi weiwZ mgq GKB bv n‡q wfbœ wfbœ
n‡Z cv‡i|

cÖkœ bs-13:
GKwU wfwWI GwWwUs dv‡g© c~‡e© Kg msL¨K Kw¤úDUvi _vKvq †h †bUIqvK© K¨vej e¨envi KiZ eZ©gv‡b Kw¤úDUv‡ii msL¨v e„w×
 Ges `ªæZMwZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z K¨vejwU cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| Aciw`‡K ¯^í Li‡P Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †bUIqvK© Ggbfv‡e
¯’vcb K‡i‡Q †hb GKwU Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡jI Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡ii KvR eÜ _v‡K bv| (Kywgjøv †evW©-2017)
K) †WUv KwgDwb‡Kkb Kx? 1
L) Ô†WUv Av`vb I cÖ`vb GKB mg‡q m¤¢eÕ- e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M) DÏxc‡K †Kvb ai‡bi †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N) DÏxc‡K e¨eüZ dv‡g© eZ©gv‡b †Kvb ai‡bi †bUIqvK© K¨vej e¨envi Ki‡Q Ges †Kb? Zvi Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY Ki| 4

13 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- †Kv‡bv †WUv‡K GK Kw¤úDUvi n‡Z Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i wKsev GK wWfvBm †_‡K Ab¨ wWfvB‡m ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii cÖwµqv‡K
†WUv KwgDwb‡Kkb e‡j|
13 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- Full duplex c×wZ‡Z GKB mg‡q †WUv Av`vb-cÖ`vb m¤¢e| †h‡Kv‡bv cÖvšÍ †_‡K †WUv †cÖiY Kivi mgq †WUv
MÖnY A_ev †WUv MÖn‡Yi mgq †cÖibI Ki‡Z cv‡i|

K L

wPÎ: Full-duplex

13 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡K evm Uv‡cvjwR e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| evm †bUIqvK© msMV‡b GKwU ms‡hvM jvB‡bi mv‡_ me¸wj Kw¤úDUvi hy³
_v‡K| ms‡hvM jvBb‡K mvaviYZ evm ejv nq| GKwU Kw¤úDUvi Ab¨ Kw¤úDUvi †bv‡Wi ms‡hvM jvB‡bi gva¨‡g ms‡KZ
cvVvq| Ab¨ Kw¤úDUvi ¸‡jv †mB ms‡KZ cixÿv K‡i| †KejgvÎ cÖvcK †bvWB †mB ms‡KZ MÖnY K‡i|

wPÎ: evm U‡cvjwR

evm U‡cvjwRi e¨env‡ii KviY n‡”Q-
1. evm †bUIqv‡K©i GKwU Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡jI Ab¨ Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv KvR Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweav nqbv|
2. me‡P‡q Kg K¨vej jv‡M|
3. ‡bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb ev evm mn‡R m¤úªmvwiZ Kiv hvq|
4. wiwcUviI e¨envi K‡i m¤úªmviY Kiv hvq|
13 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ dvg©wU eZ©gv‡b †Kv-Gw·qvj †bUIqvK© K¨vej e¨envi Ki‡Q| `ywU cwievnx I Acwievnx ev
civ‣e`y¨wZK c`v‡_©i mvnv‡h¨ G Zvi •Zwi Kiv nq|
‡Kv-Gw·qvj K¨vej e¨env‡ii KviY-
1. BWwUwc ev GmwUwc Zzjbvq wmMb¨vj GwUi †iwW‡qk‡bi cwigvY Kg|
2. ‡WUv ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii MwZ †ewk nq|
3. 500MHZ wd«Ky‡qw݇q‡Z wWwRUvj I GbvjM †WUv cvVv‡bv nq|
4. UyB‡÷W †cqvi n‡Z `ªæZ †WUv cvVv‡bv hvq|
5. UªvÝwgkb jm A‡cÿvK…Z Kg nq|
6. GB K¨vej mn‡R Bb÷j Kiv hvq|
7. mvBevi AcwUK¨vj n‡Z `v‡g A‡bK m¯Ív|
cÖkœ bs-14:
†Uwjwfk‡b wek¦Kvc dzUej †Ljv †`L‡Z ivnvZ Zvi eÜzi evwo‡Z hvq| †Ljv †k‡l †divi c‡_ †m †`Lj iv¯Ívq GKwU UªvK A¨vw·‡W›U
K‡i‡Q| Uªv‡Ki mvg‡b GKRb cywjk Awdmvi `uvwo‡q †gvevBj m`„k GKwU wWfvBm e¨envi K‡i †_‡g †_‡g K_v ejwQ‡jb| Ggb mgq
ivnv‡Zi eÜz †iRv †gvevBj †dv‡b Rvb‡Z PvBj †Ljvq †Kvb †`k wR‡Z‡Q? ivnvZ DËi w`j Rvg©vwb| (P”MÖvg †evW©-2017)
 K) Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK© Kx? 1
L) WvUv PjvP‡ji `ªæZZg gva¨gwUi eY©bv `vI| 2
M) DÏxc‡Ki cywjk Awdmv‡ii wWfvBmwU‡Z WvUv Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb c×wZwU e¨envi Kiv nw”QjÑwe‡kølY K‡iv| 3
N) ivnv‡Zi †Uwjwfk‡b †Ljv †`Lv Ges †Ljvi djvdj eÜz‡K Rvwb‡q †`Iqvi †ÿ‡Î wWfvBm `ywU‡Z WvUv UªvÝwgkb
c×wZi Kx †Kvb •emv`„k¨ Av‡Q? DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 4

14 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK©: ci¯úi †WUv Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi j‡ÿ¨ wewfbœ Kw¤úDUvi †Kvb †hvMv‡hvM gva¨g Øviv GKm‡½ hy³
_vK‡j Zv‡K e‡j Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK©| Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqv‡K©i myweav n‡jv mn‡RB wi‡mvm© †kqvi Kiv hvq|
14 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
‡WUv PjvP‡ji `ªæZZg e¨e¯’vwU n‡”Q dvBevi AcwUK¨vj K¨vej| AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej nj GK ai‡bi Av‡jv
cwievnx Zvi hv GK ev GKvwaK AcwUK¨vj dvBevi w`‡q •Zwi Kiv nq| GB AcwUK¨vj dvBevi •e`y¨wZK AšÍiK ev
WvB-B‡jKwUªK c`v_© w`‡q •Zwi GK ai‡bi Avuk ev dvBevi hv Av‡jv wbeÜKiY I cwien‡b mÿg|
AcwUK¨vj dvBev‡i WvUv PjvP‡ji `ªæZZg KviY:
1. B‡jKwUªK¨vj wmMb¨vj Gi cwie‡Z© Av‡jvK wmMb¨vj UªvÝwgU K‡i|
2. cwi‡e‡ki Zvc, Pvc †WUv PjvP‡j evavi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡ibv|
3. G‡Z Av‡jv‡Ki c~Y© Af¨všÍixY cÖwZdjb c×wZ‡Z †WUv Drm †_‡K MšÍ‡e¨ Mgb K‡i|
4. `ªæZ †WUv Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|
14 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡K cywjk †h wWfvBmwU e¨envi K‡i‡Q Zv n‡jv Half duplex mode | G‡ÿ‡Î †WUv ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii †ÿ‡Î
wWfvBmwU GKB mg‡q †WUv †cÖiY Kiv m¤¢e bq| G‡ÿ‡Î wWfvBmwU GKB mg‡q ïay †WUv MÖnY A_ev †cÖiY Ki‡Z
cv‡i| wKš‘ MÖnY Ges †cÖiY GKB mg‡q Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
A <------------- B

wPÎ: Half-duplex

14 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡K ivnv‡Zi †Uwjwfkb †Ljv †`Lvq e¨eüZ wWfvBmwUi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW n‡”Q BDwbKvó Gi AšÍM©Z
wmg‡cø· Ges †Ljvi djvdj eÜz‡K Rvwb‡q †`Iqvi †ÿ‡Î e¨eüZ wWfvBmwUi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW n‡”Q BDKvó
Gi AšÍM©Z dzj -Wz‡cø·| wmg‡cø· I dyj-Wz‡cø· †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gv‡Wi •emv`„k¨ we`¨gvb| KviY †WUv ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii
†ÿ‡Î wmg‡cø· †gvW n‡”Q †WUvi GKgyLx cÖevn|

A B

wPÎ: Simplex
Simplex ‡gv‡W †KejgvÎ A ‡_‡K B ‡Z †WUv hv‡e, wKš‘ B ‡_‡K A ‡Z †WUv †cÖiY m¤¢e bq| †hgb- †iwWI,
wKš‘ Full Duplex c×wZ‡Z †WUv MÖnY Kiv hv‡e|
A B

wP‡Î A ‡_‡K B ‡Z †WUv hv‡e Ges B ‡_‡KI A †Z †WUv hv‡eGes GKB mg‡q hv‡e| †hgb- †gvevBj|

cÖkœ bs-15:
 (P”MÖvg †evW©-2017)
K) g‡Wg Kx? 1
L) A¨vwmb‡K¬vbvm UªvÝwgk‡b mgq †ewk jvMvi KviY eywS‡q †jL| 2
M) DÏxc‡Ki U‡cvjwRi E wWfvBmwU bó n‡j WvUv PjvP‡ji †ÿ‡Î †h mgm¨vi m„wó n‡e Zv e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
N) DÏxc‡Ki ïaygvÎ A, B, C I D GB PviwU wWfvB‡mi g‡a¨ wK e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡j WvUv PjvP‡ji MwZ me‡P‡q
†ewk n‡e we‡kølY K‡iv| 4
15 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi
- g‡Wg n‡”Q Ggb GKwU B‡jKUªwbK wWfvBm hv wWwRUvj ms‡KZ‡K A¨vbvjM ms‡K‡Z Ges A¨vbvjM ms‡KZ‡K
wWwRUvj ms‡K‡Z cwiYZ K‡i| g‡Wg `yBwU Ask wb‡q MwVZ| GKwU Modulator Ges AciwU Demodulator.
15 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- †h †WUv UªvÝwgkb wm‡÷g †cÖiK n‡Z †WUv MÖvn‡K K¨v‡i±vi evB K¨v‡i±vi UªvÝwgU nq Ges K¨v‡i±vi mg~‡ni
UªvÝwgk‡bi g‡a¨ mgq weiwZ mgvb bq Zv‡K A¨vwmb‡µvbvm UªvÝwgkb e‡j|
A¨vwmb‡µvbvm UªvÝwgk‡b †WUv ¸‡jv K¨v‡i±vi evB K¨v‡i±vi UªvÝwgU nq Ges GKwU K¨v‡iKUvi UªvÝwgU nevi ci
Av‡iKwU K¨v‡i±vi UªvÝwgU Kivi gvSLv‡b weiZ me mgq mgvb bv n‡q wfbœ wfbœI n‡Z cv‡i| cÖwZwU K¨v‡i±v‡ii
ïiæ‡Z GKwU ÷vU© weU Ges †k‡l GKwU ÷c weU †hvM K‡i †WUv UªvÝwgU Kiv nq| d‡j g~j †WUvi cwigvY e„w×
cvq| G Rb¨ A¨vwmb‡µvbvm c×wZ‡Z †WUv UªvÝwgk‡b mgq †ewk jv‡M|
15 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡K e¨eüZ U‡cvjwR n‡”Q nvBweªW U‡cvjwR| D³ U‡cvjwR wis, evm BZ¨vw` †bUIqv‡K©i mgš^‡q MwVZ|
DÏxc‡K E wWfvBmwU bó n‡j †WUv PjvP‡ji †ÿ‡Î †h mgm¨vi m„wó n‡e Zv n‡jv-
wis †bUIqv‡K©i †Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUvi ms‡KZ cvVv‡j Zv cieZ©x †bv‡Wi w`‡K cÖevwnZ K‡i| Gfv‡e Z‡_¨i Ges
e„ËvKvi c‡_i wewfbœ †bv‡W mshy³ Kw¤úDUvi cÖ‡qvR‡b D³ ms‡KZ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| GRb¨ wis †bUIqv‡K©i
†Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUvi ms‡KZ cyYt‡cÖi‡Yi ÿgZv †bUIqvK©wU A‡K‡Rv n‡q c‡o| G‡ÿ‡Î Lvivc Kw¤úDUviwU (F)
AcmviY K‡i cyYivq ms‡hvM m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| GQvov bZyb hš¿cvwZ ms‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ bZzb †bvW m„wó Ki‡Z nq|
bZzb †bv‡Wi wis †f‡½ `ywU cvkvcvwk †bv‡Wi mv‡_ hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e|
15 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡K ïaygvÎ A, B, C I D GB PviwU wWfvB‡mi g‡a¨ ‡WUv PjvU‡ji MwZ me‡P‡q †ewk Kivi Rb¨ wWfvBm
mg~‡ni g‡a¨ †ek †bUIqv‡K©i e¨e¯’v Mv‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e|
‡gk U‡cvjwRi †ÿ‡Î †bUIqv‡K©i Aaxb¯’ cÖ‡Z¨K Kw¤úDUv‡ii m‡½ mivmwi hy³ _v‡K| wb‡P wP‡Îi gva¨‡g †evSv
hv‡”Q †h GKwU Kw¤úDUvi Ab¨ Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jvi m‡½ cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e hy³|

‡gk U‡cvjwR‡Z †h †Kv‡bv `yBwU †bv‡Wi g‡a¨ mivmwi hy³ _vKvq AZ¨šÍ `ªæZMwZ‡Z ms‡KZ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv hvq|
†Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUvi ev ms‡hvM jvBb bó n‡j †Zgb †Kv‡bv Amyweav nq bv| G‡Z †WUv KwgDwb‡Kk‡b A‡bK †ewk
wbðqZv _v‡K| GQvov †bUIqv‡K©i mgm¨v Lye mn‡R mgvavb Kiv hvq|
 cÖkœ bs-16:
Zv‡i‡Ki evmvq †W¯‥Uc Kw¤úDUviwU †Uwj‡dvb jvB‡bi gva¨‡g eªWe¨vÛ B›Uvi‡bU mshy³| †gvevBj †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jvi
B›Uvi‡bU †WUv PvR© †ewk nIqvq †m Zvi †gvevBj, U¨ve Ges j¨vcUc‡K evmvi GKB eªWe¨vÛ B›Uvi‡b‡U mshy³ Ki‡Z
Pvq, hv‡Z †m Zvi †gvevB‡ji gva¨‡gB we‡`‡k Ae¯’vbiZ wcZvi mv‡_ wfwWI Kj Ki‡Z cv‡i| (h.†evW©-17)
K. K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Kx? 1
L. †gvevBj †dv‡bi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. Zv‡i‡Ki e¨eüZ †gvevBj †dvbwU †Kvb cÖR‡b¥i? GB cÖR‡b¥i †gvevBj †dv‡bi `yBwU •ewkó¨ wjL| 3
N. Zv‡i‡Ki mKj wWfvB‡m GKB eªWe¨vÛ B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM e¨envi Ki‡Z M„nxZ m¤¢ve¨ e¨e¯’vwU we‡kølY Ki| 4

16 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Ggb GKwU Kw¤úDwUs cÖhyw³ hv B›Uvi‡bU Ges †Kw›`ªq wi‡gvU mvf©vi e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g †WUv Ges
A¨vwcø‡Kkbmg~n wbqš¿Y I iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z mÿg|
16 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- †gvevBj †dv‡bi †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW n‡”Q dzj-Wz‡cø·| dzj-Wz‡cø· n‡”Q GKBmg‡q Dfq w`K n‡Z †WUv †cÖi‡Yi e¨e¯’v
_v‡K| †h‡Kv‡bv cÖvšÍ cÖ‡qvR‡b †WUv †cÖiY Kivi mgq †WUv MÖnY A_ev †WUv MÖn‡bi mgq †cÖiYI Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
16 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- Zv‡i‡Ki e¨eüZ †gvevBj †dvbwU PZz_© cÖR‡b¥i| wb‡P PZz_© cÖR‡b¥i †gvevBj †dvb Gi `yBwU •ewkó¨ wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv:
1. PZz_© cÖR‡b¥i mvwK©U my¨BwPs ev c¨v‡KU m¨yBwPs Gi cwie‡Z© B›Uvi‡bU cÖ‡UvKj wbf©i †bUIqvK© e¨envi|
2. wi‡mvm© e¨e¯’vcbv Ges †KvqvwjwU Ae mvwf©‡mi h‡_ó DbœwZ|
16 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- DÏxcK Abyhvqx Zv‡i‡Ki mKj wWfvBm¸‡jv‡K GKB eªWe¨vÛ B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM e¨envi Kivi Rb¨ Wireless
Personal Area Network –(WPAN) e¨envi Kiv DwPZ e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
Iq¨vi‡jm cÖhyw³ e¨envi Ki‡j Zv‡iK ïay Zvi wZbwU Kw¤úDUvi bq, Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv wWfvB‡m Lye mn‡R †bUIqvK©
mshy³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Iq¨vi‡jm cÖhyw³i mvnv‡h¨ Aí I †ewk `~i‡Z¡i †h‡Kv‡bv wWfvBm mg~‡ni g‡a¨ †WUv Av`vb-
cÖ`vb Kiv hvq|
Iq¨vi‡jm cv‡m©vbvj Gwiqv †bUIqvK© n‡jv Ggb GKwU Zviwenxb Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK© e¨e¯’v †hwU cv‡m©vbvj
Kw¤úDUvi wWfvBm mg~‡ni ga¨ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq| WPAN Gi e¨wß 10 wgUv‡ii g‡a¨B mxgve×
_v‡K| WPAN Gi Rb¨ ms‡hvMKvix wWfvBm¸‡jv‡Z eøyUy_, Bbd«v‡iW BZ¨vw` cÖhy³ e¨envi Kiv nq|

cÖkœ bs-17:
mycb©vi Awd‡m GKwU †bUIqvK© Pvjy Av‡Q †hLv‡b GKwU g~j K¨ve‡ji mv‡_ 10wU Kw¤úDUvi mivmwi hy³ i‡q‡Q|
m¤úªwZ wZwb wecyj cwigvY †WUv cÖwµqvKi‡Yi KvR cvb| wKš‘ Zvi Awd‡m D³ Kv‡Ri Dc‡hvMx ÿgZv m¤úbœ
Kw¤úDUvi †bB| Avw_©K mxgve×Zvi Kvi‡Y Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿cvwZ I md&UIq¨vi msMÖn Ki‡Z bv cvivq wZwb
KvRwU h_v mg‡q m¤úbœ Kiv wb‡q wPwšÍZ| ZvB wZwb AbjvBbwfwËK †mev MÖn‡Yi wm×všÍ wb‡jb| (wm.†evW©-2017)
K. g‡Wg Kx? 1
L. AcwUK¨vj dvBev‡ii e¨vÛDW_ eywS‡q †jL| 2
M. mycb©vi Awd‡mi Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqv‡K©i U‡cvjwR e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. mycb©vi M„nxZ wm×v‡šÍi †h․w³KZv we‡kølY Ki| 4
17 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi
- g‡Wg n‡”Q Ggb GKwU B‡jKUªwbK wWfvBm hv wWwRUvj ms‡KZ‡K A¨vbvjM ms‡K‡Z Ges A¨vbvjM ms‡KZ‡K
wWwRUvj ms‡K‡Z cwiYZ K‡i| g‡Wg `yBwU Ask wb‡q MwVZ| GKwU Modulator Ges AciwU Demodulator.
17 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- AcwUK¨vj dvBevi n‡jv WvB B‡jKUªwbK c`v_© w`‡q •Zwi GK ai‡bi Avuk hv Av‡jv wbeÜbKiY I cwien‡Y mÿg|
cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û GK Kw¤úDUvi n‡Z Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡i †h cwigvb †WUv ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq Zv‡K †WUv UªvÝwgkb ¯úxW ev
Bandwidth I ejv nq| AcwUK¨vj dvBev‡i e¨vÛDB_ n‡”Q 100mbps ‡_‡K 2GBPs| A_©vr cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û
100mbps ‡WUv ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq|
17 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- mycb©vi Awd‡m Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK© msMV‡b GKwU ms‡hvM jvB‡bi mv‡_ me¸‡jv †bvW hy³ _v‡K| GKwU Kw¤úDUvi
Ab¨ Kw¤úDUvi †bv‡Wi ms‡hvM jvB‡bi gva¨‡g ms‡KZ cvVvq| Ab¨vb¨ Kw¤úDUvi¸wj G‡`i †bv‡W †mB ms‡KZ
cixÿv K‡i Ges †KejgvÎ cÖvcK‡bvW †mB ms‡KZ MÖnb K‡i|
wb‡P GKwU evm †bUIqvK© †`Lv‡bv n‡jv:

evm U‡cvjwR e¨env‡ii myweavmg~n t-

1. evm †bUIqv‡K©i GKwU Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡jI Ab¨ Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv KvR Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweav nqbv| mn‡RB
†h †Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK© n‡Z wew”Qbœ Kiv hvq|
2. ‡bUIqv‡K© wewfbœ hš¿cvwZ mshy³ Ki‡Z Kg K¨vej cÖ‡qvRb| G‡Z LiP Kg nq|
3. ‡bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb ev evm mn‡R m¤úªmvwiZ Kiv hvq| `ywU c„_K K¨vej‡K GKwU weGbwm e¨v‡ij
Kv‡b±i w`‡q †Rvov jvwM‡q GKwU j¤^v K¨vej iƒc †`Iqv hvq Ges G‡Z Av‡iv AwaK msL¨K Kw¤úDUvi‡K
†hvM †`Iqv m¤¢e|
4. evm †bUIqv‡K© †Kvb Kw¤úDUvi ms‡hvM w`‡j ev mwi‡q wb‡j Zv‡Z cy‡iv Kvh©µ‡gi †Kvb e¨vNvZ N‡U bv|

17 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- m~cb©vi M„nxZ wm×všÍ n‡”Q K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs| K¬vDW K¤úDwUs nj Ggb GKwU cÖhyw³ hv B›Uvi‡bU Ges †K›`ªxq
wi‡gvU mvf©v‡ii gva¨‡g †WUv I A¨vwcø‡Kkb wbqš¿Y I iÿbv‡eÿY m¤¢e| A‡bK mvf©vi cwiPvjbvKvix cÖwZôvb
Zv‡`i mvf©v‡ii KvR Kivi ÿgZv A_©vr Zv‡`i nvW©Iqvi I mdUIq¨vi wi‡mvm© wbw`©ó mgq Abycv‡Z Ab¨ Kv‡iv
Kv‡Q fvov †`q| d‡j Zzjbvg~jK Avw_©K fv‡e `~e©j cÖwZôvb fvovi wewbg‡q K¬vDW †mev MÖnY K‡i _v‡K| d‡j D³
cÖwZôv‡b mvkÖq nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ A‡bK `ªæZ KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i| K¬vDW †mev`vbKvix cÖwZôvb wb‡RivB mdUIq¨vi
Avc‡WU I iÿbv‡eÿY, wbivcËv, mxgvnxb †÷v‡iR BZ¨vw` myweav cÖ`vb K‡i| A_©vr m~cb©vi M„nxZ wm×všÍ †h․w³K|

cÖkœ bs-18:
wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI: (wm‡jU †evW©-2017)

K. †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW Kx? 1

L. Ò¯^í `~i‡Z¡i webv Li‡P †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi m¤¢eÓ- e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. wPÎ-1 Gi †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. ¯^íe¨‡q j¨ve‡iUwi‡Z e¨env‡ii DÏxc‡Ki †Kvb U‡cvjwRwU AwaKZi Dc‡hvMx? Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY- c~e©K gZvgZ `vI| 4

18 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- †WUv KwgDwb‡Kkb e¨e¯’vq Drm †_‡K MšÍ‡e¨ †WUv cvVv‡bv nq| Drm †_‡K MšÍ‡e¨ †WUv UªvÝdv‡ii †ÿ‡Î †WUv
cÖev‡ni w`K‡K UªvÝwgkb †gvW ejv nq|
18 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- eøUy z_ Gi gva¨‡g mí `~i‡Z¡ webv Li‡P †WUv ¯’vbvšÍi m¤¢e| eøyUz_ n‡”Q ¯^í `~i‡Z¡i wfZi webv Li‡P †WUv Av`vb-
cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ eûj cÖPwjZ Iq¨vi‡jm cÖhyw³|
eøyUz‡_i mvnv‡h¨ webv Li‡P ¯^í `~i‡Z¡ _vKv AvaywbK cÖvq mKj wWfvBm wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ e¨w³MZ WvUv Av`vb cÖ`vb
K‡i|
18 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- wPÎ -1 Gi †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR n‡”Q BUS U‡cvjwR| evm †bUIqvK© msMV‡b GKwU ms‡hvM jvB‡bi mv‡_ me¸wj
†bvW hy³ _v‡K| wb‡P GKwU evm †bUIqvK© †`Lv‡bv nj|

wPÎ: evm †bUIqvK©

evm U‡cvjwR e¨env‡ii myweavmg~n:-
1. evm †bUIqv‡K©i Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡q †M‡j Ab¨ Kw¤úDUv‡ii KvR Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweav nq bv| mn‡RB †h
†Kv‡bv Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvK© n‡Z wew”Qbœ Kiv m¤¢e|
2. ‡bUIqv‡K©i wewfbœ hš¿cvwZ mshy³ Ki‡Z GB U‡cvjwR‡Z me‡P‡q Kg K¨vej cÖ‡qvRb nq|
3. ‡bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb ev evm mn‡R m¤úªmviY Kiv hvq| `y‡Uv c„_K K¨vej‡K GKwU weGbwm e¨v‡ij
Kv‡b±i w`‡q †Rvov jvwM‡q GKwU j¤^v K¨vej-G iƒc †`Iqv hvq|
4. evm †bUIqv‡K© †Kv‡bv †bvW †hvM Ki‡j ev mvwi‡q wb‡j Zv‡Z cy‡iv †bUIqv‡K©i Kvh©µg e¨eüZ nq bv|

18 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi

- DÏxc‡K †h wZbwU U‡cvjwR e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv n‡jv evm-U‡cvjwR, wis U‡cvjwR Ges ÷vi U‡cvjwR| ¯^íe¨q
j¨ve‡iUwi‡Z e¨env‡ii Rb¨ evm U‡cvjwR AwaKZi Dc‡hvMx, wb‡P we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv:-
wPÎ-2 Gi msMVb n‡”Q ÷vi U‡cvjwR| GB U‡cvjwR †K›`ªxq †bUIqvK©wU APj n‡q ‡M‡j mg¯Í †bUIqvK©wU APj
n‡q c‡o| KviY cy‡iv †bUIqvK© nv‡ei gva¨‡gB ci¯úi mshy³ _v‡K| GwU GKwU e¨qeûj c×wZ|
wPÎ-3 Gi msMVb n‡”Q wUª U‡cvjwR| GB c×wZ mvf©vi Kw¤úDUv‡i †Kv‡bv µwU †`Lv w`‡j mg¯Í †bUIqvK© APj
n‡q c‡o| GwU Ab¨‡`i Zzjbvq RwUj|
wPÎ-1 Gi msMVb n‡”Q evm U‡cvjwR| evm †bUIqvK© msMV‡b GKwU ms‡hvM jvB‡bi mv‡_ me¸wj †bvW hy³ _v‡K|
GKwU Kw¤úDUvi Ab¨ Kw¤úDUvi †bv‡Wi ms‡hvM jvB‡bi gva¨‡g ms‡KZ cvVvq|

cÖkœ bs-19:
†mZz GKwU †K›`ªxq Kv‡bKwUs wWfvBm w`‡q Zv‡`i evmvi PviwU wWwRUvj wWfvB‡mi g‡a¨ †bUIqvK© ¯’vcb Kivi wPšÍv
Kij| †K›`ªxq wWfvBm e¨envi Ki‡Z PvBj KviY †Kv‡bv GKwU wWwRUvj wWfvBm bó n‡j †hb cy‡iv †bUIqvK© wm‡÷g
APj bv nq| wKš‘ Zvi fvB ïaygvÎ †bUIqv‡K©i e¨vK‡evb K¨ve‡ji mvnv‡h¨ †bUIqvK© ¯’vcb Ki‡Z PvBj hv‡Z
†bUIqvK© ev¯Íevqb LiP Kg nq| (XvKv †evW©-2016)
K. aªæeK Kx? (5g Aa¨vq) 1
L. wm (C) †K ga¨¯Í‡ii fvlv ejv nq †Kb? (5g Aa¨vq) 2
M. †f․‡MvwjK wePv‡i DÏxc‡K MwVZ †bUIqvK©wU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K †bUIqvK© msMVb ev¯Íevq‡b fvB‡ev‡bi wPšÍvi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU‡K Zzwg †ewk hyw³hy³ e‡j g‡b Ki?
we‡kølYc~e©K gZvgZ `vI| 4

19 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (K) Gi DËi

- ‡cÖvMÖvg wbe©v‡ni mgq hvi gvb †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB cwieZ©b Kiv hvq bv Zv‡K KÝU¨v›U ev aªæeK e‡j|
19 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (L) Gi DËi
- wm (C) ‡K ga¨¯Í‡ii fvlv ejv nq| KviY wm (C) †Z D”PZi fvlvi wewfbœ †÷U‡g›U (Printf, scanf, it, for,
while) BZ¨vw` e¨envi Kiv nq, †Zgwbpointer e¨envi K‡i wb¤œ¯Í‡ii fvlvi g‡Zv mivmwi †ggwii mv‡_ ms‡hvM
¯’vcb Kiv hvq|
A_©vr, D”PZi Ges wb¤œ¯Íi Dfq ¯Í‡ii fvlvi •ewkó¨ (C) †Z we`¨gvb _v‡K e‡j wm (C) †K ga¨¯Í‡ii fvlv ejv nq|
19 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (M) Gi DËi
- †f․MwjK wePv‡i DÏxc‡K MwVZ †bUIqvK©wU n‡”Q †bUIqvK© msMV‡bi ÷vi U‡cvjwRi †bUIqvK© | †h †bUIqv‡K©
GKwU †K›`ªxq Kv‡bw±s wWfvB‡mi mv‡_ mKj Kw¤úDUvimg~n mshy³ K‡i †bUIqvK© M‡o †Zv‡j Zv‡K ÷vi U‡cvjwR
ejv nq| G‡ÿ‡Î mKj Kw¤úDUvi ‡K›`ªxq wWfvB‡mi (myBP/nve Hub) gva¨‡g Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| G
msMV‡bi †Kv‡bv GKwU wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| G msMV‡bi †Kv‡bv GKwU wWfvBm bó n‡j
†bUIqv‡K© Zvi †Kv‡bv cÖfve c‡o bv| Lye mn‡R Zv mgvavb Kiv hvq| G ai‡bi †bUIqvK© MV‡bi †ÿ‡Î †K›`ª xq
wWfvBm nv‡ei †P‡q myBP e¨envi Kiv fv‡jv| KviY myBP †cÖiK cÖvšÍ †_‡K †WUv ïaygvÎ cÖvcK Kw¤úDUv‡ii mywbw`©ó
wVKvbvq cvwV‡q †`q| wKš‘ nve mywbw`©ó Kw¤úDUv‡i bv cvwV‡q mKj Kw¤úDUv‡i cvwV‡q †`q|
19 b¤^i cÖ‡kœi (N) Gi DËi
- DÏxc‡Ki †bUIqvK© msMV‡bi ev¯Íevq‡b fvB‡ev‡bi wPšÍvi †ÿ‡Î ÷vi U‡cvjwRi †bUIqvK© ¯’vcb Ki‡Z PvIqv‡K
†ewk hyw³hy³ e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| †mZzi †bUIqvK©wU n‡”Q ÷vi msMV‡bi †bUIqvK©| G ai‡bi †bUIqvK© GKwU
†K›`ªxq wWfvBm nve/myB‡Pi gva¨‡g mKj Kw¤úDUvi ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ hy³ _v‡K| d‡j †K›`ª xq wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g
mywbw`©ó Kw¤úDUv‡ii wVKvbvq Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| †bUIqv‡K©i †Kv‡bv GKwU Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡j Zv
mn‡RB AcmviY I ms‡hvRb Kiv hvq| nv‡ei msL¨v evwo‡q †bUIqv‡K© AwaK msL¨K Kw¤úDUvi †hvM K‡iI wbw`©ó
Kw¤úDUv‡i Z_¨ cvVv‡bv hvq| Aciw`‡K †h‡nZz fvB‡qi †bUIqvK© msMVbwU n‡jv evm msMQb| evm msMV‡bi
†bUIqvK©wU GKwU e¨vK‡evb K¨ve‡ji gva¨‡g hy³ _v‡K| d‡j †Kv‡bv GKwU Kw¤úDUv‡i Z_¨ †cÖiY Ki‡j Zv cÖ_‡g
mKj Kw¤úDUv‡i hvq| Zvici wbw`©ó cÖvcK Kw¤úBUvi Zv MÖnb K‡i _v‡K| GB c×wZ‡Z UªvwdK wmMbv‡ji mgm¨v
m„wó nq| d‡j †WUv UªvÝwgkb wewNœZ nq| wKš‘ ÷vi U‡cvjwR‡Z Zv nq bv| ZvB †bUIqvK© msMV‡bi †ÿ‡Î ÷vi
U‡cvjwR‡Z Zv nq bv| ZvB †bUIqvK© msMV‡bi †ÿ‡Î ÷vi U‡cvjwR †ewk hyw³hy³|
eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv
1| nU¯úU Kx?
K) wbw`©ó DËß GjvKv
L) Zvihy³ B›Uvi‡bU e¨e¯’v
M) wek¦e¨vcx †bUIqvK©
N) Zviwenxb B›Uvi‡bU cÖ‡UvKj
♦ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co 2 I 3 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
wgRvb ey‡q‡U fwZ©i my‡hvM cvIqvi welqwU I K‡j‡Ri Qwe 3G cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g AwZ `ªæZ Zvi eÜz-evÜe I
AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡K Rvbvq| Zv‡`i †KD †KD wfwWI Kj K‡i A_ev †dmey‡K Zv‡K Awfb›`b Rvbvq|
2| wgRv‡bi LeiwU cvVv‡bvi e¨e¯’v †KvbwU?
K) d¨v· L) GgGgGm
M) GmGgGm N) †UwjMÖvd
3| DÏxc‡K e¨eüZ cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g †h mKj myweav cvIqv hv‡eÑ
i. fvPz©qvj WªvBwfs
ii. AbjvBb e¨vswKs
iii. AvDU‡mvwm©s
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
4| ‡Uwj‡dv‡bi Rb¨ e¨eüZ K¨vej †KvbwU?
K) mvaviY L) †Kv-Gw·qvj
M) UzB‡÷W †cqvi N) dvBevi AcwUK
5| 5 I 7bs Kw¤úDUvi bó n‡j †Kvb Kw¤úDUvi¸‡j g‡a¨ †bUIqvK© mPj _vK‡e?

K) 1, 3 Ges 6 L) 4 Ges 6
M) 1, 3 Ges 4 N) 1, 3, 4 Ges 6
6| GKB fe‡bi wewfbœ K‡ÿ iwÿZ Kw¤úDUv‡ii g‡a¨ †bUIqvK© e¨e¯’v‡K Kx e‡j?
K) PAN L) LAN
M) MAN N) WAN
7| Uz¨B‡÷W †cqvi K¨vej Gi mvaviY is †KvbwU?
K) Kgjv L) ev`vgx
M) Kvj N) mv`v
8| f‡qm e¨vÛ Gi m‡e©v”P MwZ KZ?
K) 6900bps L) 6900kbps
M) 9600bps N) 9600kbps
■ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 9 I 10 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:

9| wP‡Îi †bUIqvK©wU †Kvb ai‡bi U‡cvjwR?

K) ÷vi L) wis
M) evm N) wUª
10| wP‡Î AI B Gi g‡a¨ m‡e©v”P MwZ‡Z †WUv Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Kx Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i?
K) myBPwU cvëv‡Z n‡e L) UzB‡÷W K¨ve‡ji cwie‡Z© AcwUK¨vj dvBevi e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e
M) AcwUK¨vj K¨ve‡ji cwie‡Z© †KvGw·qvj K¨vej Ki‡Z n‡e
N) wis U‡cvjwR‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ Ki‡Z n‡e
11| nU¯úU Kx?
K) we‡kl wbivcËv e¨e¯’v
L) Zvihy³ B›Uvi‡bU e¨e¯’v
M) Zviwenxb B›Uvi‡bU e¨e¯’v
N) we‡kl ai‡bi mdUIq¨vi
12| wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z b¨v‡iv e¨vÛ e¨eüZ nq?
K) ‡Uwj‡Uj L) †nW
M) m¨v‡UjvB †dvb N) IqvwKUwK
13| K¬v‡q›U mvf©vi †bUIqvK© e¨eüZ nq †Kvb †ÿ‡Î?
K) PAN L) LAN
M) MAN N) WAN
14| AcwUK¨vj dvBevi K¨vej-
i. D”PMwZ m¤úbœ
ii. `v‡g m¯Ív
iii. we`y¨r †P․¤^K cÖfvegy³
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
15| iwng evmvq †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ †`vKvb †_‡K RJ 45 Kv‡b±i I 1wU myBP wK‡b Av‡b| iwn‡gi evmvi
†bUIq©vK †Kvb U‡cvjwRi n‡e?
K) ÷vi L) evm
M) wis N) †gk
16| GKwU `vjv‡bi Dci Zjvq hš¿cvwZmn GKwU G‡›Ubv AvKvkgyLx K‡i ivLv n‡q‡Q| D³ AvKvkgyLxZvi e¨envi-
i. †Uwjwfk‡bi wmMb¨vj cvVv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î
ii. AvenvIqvi me©‡kl Ae¯’v ch©‡eÿ‡Y
iii. AvšÍtgnv‡`kxq †Uwj‡dvb K‡ji †ÿ‡Î
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
17|GKwU †K›`ªxq nvi Øviv †Kvb U‡cvjwR mshy³ _v‡K?
 K) BUS L) MESH
M) RING N) STAR
18| †Kvb IEEE wU Wi-Fi m¨vÛvW©?
K) 802.11 L) 802.11u
M) 802.15 N) 802.16
19| K¬vDW Kw¤úDwUs Gi mydj †KvbwU?
K) mvkÖqx I mnRjf¨
L) B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM jv‡Mbv
M) Gwcø‡Kk‡bi Dci wbqš¿Y ivLv hvq
N) Z‡_¨i †MvcbxqZv eRvq _v‡K
20| †KvGw·qvj K¨ve‡ji †WUv †cÖi‡Yi mvaviY nvi KZ?
K) 100 Mbps L) 200 Mbps
M) 2 Gbps N) 40 Gbps
21| wb‡Pi †Kvb wWfvBmwU‡Z †WUv wdëvwis m¤¢e?
K) nve L) myBP
M) wiwcUvi N) ivDUvi
22| †WUv KwgDwb‡Kkb Kx?
K) `yBwU wWfvB‡mi g‡a¨ Z‡_¨i wewbgq
L) gva¨gwenxb Z‡_¨i cÖevn
M) ïaygvÎ Zvihy³ Z‡_¨i cÖevn
N) ïaygvÎ Kw¤úDUvi wbf©i †hvMv‡hvM
23| weU wmb‡µvbvB‡Rkb n‡”Q-
i. weU †cÖi‡Yi mgwš^Z c×wZ
ii. we‡Ui ïiæ Ges †kl eyS‡Z cviv
iii. e¨vÛDBW‡_i cwigvY e„w× cvIqv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K. i I ii L. i I iii
M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
24| b¨v‡iv e¨v‡Û me©wb¤œ †WUv w¯úW KZ wewcGm?
K) 35 L) 45
M) 200 N) 300
♦ DÏxcKwU c‡o 25 I 26 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
ivwRe Zvi evevi Awd‡m wM‡q †`Lj Zvi evev wb‡Ri †Uwe‡j e‡m Kw¤úDUv‡i wcÖ›U KgvÛ w`‡q GKB wcÖ›Uvi
†_‡K wcÖ›U wb‡jb| ivwR‡ei evev wb‡Ri Kw¤úDUvi e¨envi K‡i ivwRe‡K Zvi cÖevmx dzdzi mv‡_ mivmwi K_v
ewj‡q w`‡jb|
25| DÏxc‡K †bUIqv‡K©i aib n‡”Q-
i. LAN
ii. MAN
iii. WAN
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K. i I ii L. i I iii
 M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii

26| DÏxc‡Ki e¨e¯’vq m¤¢e-

i. ¯^í wWfvB‡m AwaK †mev
ii. MÖvn‡Ki mv‡_ mnR †hvMv‡hvM
iii. ÿz`ª A‡j mxgve× Kvh©µg
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K. i I ii L. i I iii
M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
♦ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 27 I 28 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
wg. wek¦wRZ Zvi Awd‡mi `kwU Kw¤úDUvi Ggbfv‡e hy³ K‡i †bUIqvK© •Zwi Ki‡jb hv‡Z 1g I †kl
Kw¤úDUvi ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K| nVvr GKw`b Kw¤úDUvi bó nIqvq †bUIqvK©wU eÜ n‡q hvq| wZwb
†bUIqvK©wUi KvVv‡gv cwieZ©‡bi wm×všÍ wb‡jb|
27| DÏxc‡Ki †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwRwU wK?
K) ÷vi L) wis
M) evm N) †gk
28| wgt wek¦wR‡Zi wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ m¤¢ve¨ mgvavb n‡jvÑ
i. Kw¤úDUvi cwieZ©b Kiv
ii. nve/myBP ¯’vcb Kiv
iii. GKwU g~j jvBb ¯’vcb Kiv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
29| †gvevB‡ji †Kvb cÖRb¥ n‡Z B›Uvi‡bU e¨envi ïiæ nq?
K) 1g L) 2q
M) 3q N) 4_©
30| Wi-fi Ges Wi-Max Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ n‡”QÑ
i. Kvfv‡iR Gwiqvq
ii. UªvÝwgkb †gv‡W
iii. UªvÝwgkb ¯úx‡W
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
31| ÷vi U‡cvjwR‡Z †Kvb wWfvBmwU e¨eüZ nq?
K) nve L) g‡Wg
M) ivDUvi N) wiwcUvi
32| eªWe¨v‡Ûi e¨vÛDBW&_ KZ?
K) 1 mbps ev AwaK L) 9600 bps
M) 45-300 bps N) 45 bps Gi Kg
33| ÷vi U‡cvjwR‡Z †Kvb wWfvBmwU e¨eüZ nq?
K) nve L) g‡Wg
 M) ivDUvi N) wiwcUvi

34| mvaviYZ †gvevBj KwgDwb‡Kkb n‡jv-

i. Zviwenxb †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v
ii. ïaygvÎ K_v ejvi e¨e¯’v
iii. dzj Wz‡cø· †bUIqvK©
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) iI iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
35| g‡W‡gi KvR n‡jv-
i. ‡WUv cvVv‡bv
ii. ‡WUv MÖnY
iii. ‡WUv msiÿY
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i L) iI ii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
♦ DÏxcKwU coGes 36 Ges 37 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
‡Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwbi `yBRb wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ ‡hvMv‡hvM K‡ib wKš‘ GKB mg‡q Zviv K_v ej‡Z
cv‡ib bv|
36| Zviv †Kvb †WUv UªvÝwgkb †gvW e¨envi K‡ib?
K) wmg‡cø· L) nvd-Wz‡cø·
M) dzj-Wz‡cø· N) gvwë‡cø·
37| GKB mg‡q †hvMv‡hvM Kivi †ÿ‡Î Zv‡`i †h wWfvBm cÖ‡qvRb -
i. ‡gvevBj
ii. IqvwK-UvwK
iii. †iwWI
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i L) ii M) i I ii N) i, ii I iii
38| ‡WUv KwgDwb‡Kk‡bi MwZ‡K Kq fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq?
K) 2 L) 3
M) 4 N) 5
39| Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqvwK©s Gi Rb¨ Kq ai‡bi U‡cvjwR e¨envi Kiv nq?
K) 3 L) 4
M) 5 N) 6
40| Kw¤úDUvi †bUIqv‡K©i D‡Ïk¨-
i. nvW©Iq¨vi wi‡mvm© ‡kqvi
ii. mdUIq¨vi wiv‡mvm© †kqvi
iii. Bbdi‡gkb †kqvi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
41| g‡Wg-
i. wWwRUvj ms‡KZ‡K AvbvjM ms‡K‡Z cwiYZ K‡i
ii. ‡cÖiK I cÖvcK hš¿ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i
iii. ‡WUv KwgDwb‡Kk‡bi gva¨g wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
♦ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 42 I 43 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
‡gvnbv jÿ Ki‡jv, Zv‡`i GjvKvi me‡P‡q DPz `vjvb¸‡jvi Ici wewfbœ †gvevBj †Kv¤úvwbi UvIqvi emv‡bv
Av‡Q| GgbwK †Lvjv cÖvšÍ‡iI A‡bK `~‡i `~‡i UvIqvi¸‡jv emv‡bv hv‡`i gvSLv‡b †Kv‡bv evav †bB| GKwU
`vjv‡bi Ici wKQz hš¿cvwZmn GKwU Gw›Ubv AvKvkgyLx K‡i ivLv n‡q‡Q|
42| DÏxc‡Ki DuPz UvIqvi¸‡jv †Kvb ai‡bi wgwWqv e¨envi K‡i?
K) †iwWI I‡qf
L) †Uwiw÷ªqvj gvB‡µvI‡qf
M) Bbd«v‡iW
N) m¨v‡UjvBU gvB‡µvI‡qf
43| DÏxc‡Ki AvKvkgyLx e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv nq-
i. ‡Uwjwfk‡bi wmMb¨vj cvVv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î
ii. AvenvIqvi me©‡kl Ae¯’v ch©‡eÿ‡Y
iii. AvšÍtgnv‡`kxq †Uwj‡dvb K‡ji †ÿ‡Î
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
44| AvBwc †WUv †bUIqvK© †KvbwU?
K) 1G L) 2G
M) 3G N) 4G
♦ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 45 I 46 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
GKwU iæ‡g _vKv j¨vcUc¸‡jv †bUIqv‡K©i AvIZvq Avbvi cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv nq|
45| DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †bUIqvK© n‡e †KvbwU?
K) WPAN L) WLAN
M) WMAN N) WWAN
46| DÏxc‡Ki †bUIqvK© -
i. K¨ve‡ji gva¨‡g
ii. K¬v‡q›U mvf©vi
iii. IqvBdvB Gi gva¨‡g
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
47| g‡W‡gi A¨vbvjM ms‡KZ‡K wWwRUvj ms‡K‡Z cwiYZ Kivi KvR‡K Kx e‡j?
K) gWz‡jkb L) wWgWz‡jkb
M) eªWKv÷ N) nvd Wz‡cø·
48| GKwU P¨v‡b‡ji ga¨ w`‡q 10 †m‡KÛ 1,00,000 weU †WUv UªvÝdvi n‡j Gi e¨vÛDB_ KZ?
K) 10000 kbps L) 10000 bps
M) 1000 kbps N) 1000 bps
49| MÖæc SMS cÖ`vb n‡jv-
K) BDwbKv÷ L) gvwëKv÷
M) eªWKv÷ N) †UwjKv÷
♦ wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges 50 I 51 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:

50| wP‡Îi †bUIqvK©wU †Kvb ai‡bi U‡cvjwR?

K) ÷vi L) wis
M) evm N) †gm
51| A I B Gi g‡a¨ m‡e©v”P MwZ‡Z †WUv Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Kiv DwPr-
i. HUB Gi cwie‡Z© switch e¨envi
ii. HUB Gi cwie‡Z© ivDUvie¨envi
iii. Twisted cable Gi cwie‡Z© optical fiber cable e¨envi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
52| ‡KvbwU PZz_© cÖR‡b¥i †gvevBj †dv‡bi cÖavb •ewkó¨-
K) AvBwc wbf©i Iqvi‡jm †bUIqvK©
L) wek¦e¨vcx †ivwgs myweav
M) †dv‡bi gva¨‡g B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM
N) †mwgKÛvKUi I gvB‡µvcÖ‡mmi cÖhyw³
♦ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 53 I 54 bs cª‡kœi DËi `vI:
GKwU Awd‡m AvUZjv fe‡bi wewfbœ Zjvq Aew¯’Z mKj Kw¤úDUvi‡K †bUIqv‡K©i AvIZvq Avbvi
cwiKíbv Kiv n‡”Q|
53| Zv‡`i †bUIqvK©wU Kx ai‡bi n‡e?
K) LAN L)MAN
M)WAN N)PAN
54| AwdmwUi †bUIqvK©wU‡K Zviwenxb cÖhyw³‡Z M‡o Zzj‡Z †Kvb e¨vÛDBW&_ mxgv e¨eüZ n‡e?
K) l-9Mbps L)10-50 Mbps
M)51-100 Mbps N)101-150 Mbps
55| wb‡Pi †KvbwU wifi ÷¨vÛvW©?
K) 802.10 L) 802.11
M) 802.01 N) 802.16
56| Kw¤úDUvi I gvwëwgwWqv cÖ‡R±‡ii g‡a¨ †WUv mÂvjb †gvW †KvbwU?
K) wmg‡cø· L) nvd-Wz‡cø·
M) dzj-Wz‡cø· N) gvwëKv÷
57| GMS Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡jv-
 K) General System for Mobile Communication
L) Global Standard for Mobile Communication
M) General Standard for Mobile Communication
N) Global System for Mobile Communication
58| A¨vwmb‡µvbvm UªvÝwgk‡bi myweav n‡jv-
K) cÖvBgvwi †÷v‡iR wWfvB‡mi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv
L) WvUv UªvÝwgk‡bi MwZ †ewk
M) eøK AvKv‡i †WUv †cÖwiZ nq
N) m¨v‡UjvB‡U e¨envi AwaK Dc‡hvMx
59| mvkÖqxfv‡e cvnvox GjvKvq Kvh©Kix †bUIqvK© ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb gva¨gwU myweavRbK?
K) AcwUK¨vj dvBevi L) †iwWI I‡qe
M) IqvB dvB N) IqvBg¨v·
60| wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki|

Dc‡ii wPÎwU‡Z KqwU wfbœ wfbœ †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwR i‡q‡Q?

K) 1wU L) 2wU
M) 3wU N) 4wU
61| eªWKv÷ †gv‡Wi D`vniY n‡jv-
K) wUwf m¤úªPvi L) wfwWI Kbdv‡iwÝs
M) †Uwj‡dvb K‡_vcK_b N) SMS ‡cÖiY
62| wb‡Pi wPÎwU †Kvb ‡gv‡Wi-

K) eªWKv÷ L) dzj Wz‡cø·

M) nvd-Wz‡cø· N) wmg‡cø·
63| GPRS Gi c~Y©iƒc -
K) General Packet Radio Service
L) Global Packet Radio Service
M) Global Package Radio Service
N) General Package Radio Service
64| 300 wMMvnvR© n‡Z 400 †UivnvR© ch©šÍ wd«‡Kv‡qw݇K ejv nq-
i. Bbd«v‡iW
 ii. ‡iwWI I‡qe
iii. gvB‡µv I‡qe
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
65| d‡UvwW‡U±‡ii KvR Kx?
K) A¨vbvjM wmMb¨vj‡K wWwRUvj wmMb¨v‡j iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv
L) wWwRUvj wmMb¨vj‡K A¨vbvjM wmMb¨v‡j iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv
M) we`y¨r kw³‡K Av‡jvK kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv
N) Av‡jvK kw³‡K we`y¨r kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv
♦ DÏxcKwU co Ges 66 I 67 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
Kzwkqviv K‡j‡R wewfbœ wefv‡Mi Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv Ggbfv‡e hy³ i‡q‡Q †hb cÖ_g n‡Z †kl ch©šÍ
Kw¤úDUvi¸‡jv ci¯úi PµvKv‡i hy³| wKš‘ mgq euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ AvBwmwU wkÿK †bUIqvK© U‡cvjwRi
cwieZ©b Ki‡jb|
66| K‡jRwU‡Z †Kvb ai‡Yi U‡cvjwR e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q?
K) ÷vi L) wis
M) evm N) †gk
67| AvBwmwU wefv‡Mi wkÿK `ªæZ †WUv Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb ai‡Yi U‡cvjwR e¨envi K‡i‡Qb?
K) ÷vi L) wis
M) evm N) †gk
68| dzj Wz‡cø· †gv‡W P‡j-
i. †gvevBj †dvb
ii. j¨vÛ †dvb
iii. ‡iwWI eªWKv÷
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii