(i) S-R FF
(ii) D FF
(9) Design the following Flip-flop using NAND/NOR gates
(i) J-K FF
(ii) T FF
(10) Design and implement a MOD 6 synchronous UP counter using T FF.
Dr. Kunwar Singh
Course Coordinator
ECC15: Digital Signal Processing
S. No. Topics Lectures
1. Review of DTFT: Discrete Time Fourier Transform, inverse DTFT, Relation of 02
Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT) and Z- Transform, Signal Transmission
through LTI systems, Response to complex exponentials and sinusoidal signals.
2. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT): Sampling of DTFT, Inverse DFT, Relation of 08
DFT and Z- Transform, DFT as a linear transformation, Properties, Linear
convolution using circular convolution, Filtering of long data sequences: Overlap-
save and overlap-add method.
First Class Test
3. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT): Computational complexity of direct computation of 05
DFT, Decimation-in-time FFT algorithm, Decimation-in-frequency FFT algorithm,
Inverse DFT using FFT algorithms. Goertzel algorithm, Chirp-z transform algorithm.
4. Realization of Digital Filters: FIR filter structures: Direct form, cascade, linear-phase 03
structures. IIR filter structures: Direct form-I, direct form-II, cascade-form, parallel-
form structure.
Mid Semester Examination
5. FIR Digital Filters: Advantages of digital filters, desirability of linear-phase, 08
Frequency response of Type 1, 2, 3, 4 FIR filters, filter specifications, Windowing
method, half-band FIR filters, Frequency sampling method.
6. IIR Digital Filters: Impulse Invariant method, Bilinear transformation method, IIR 04
filter specifications, Butterworth and Chebyshev filter, Frequency transformation in
analog and digital domain.
Second Class Test
7. Analysis of Finite-Word Length Effects: Representation of numbers, Quantization, 06
Quantization of fixed-point and floating-point numbers, coefficient quantization error,
product quantization error, limit cycles in IIR filters, quantization effects in realization
of FIR filters, quantization effects in DFT computations.
Total Lectures 36
Lab 24
Total 60
BOOKS:
1. S. K. Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing- A Computer based approach”, Tata McGraw-Hill,
2. Andreas Antoniou, Digital Filters: Analysis, Design and Applications, McGraw-Hill.
3. John G. Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, And
Applications, Pearson Education.
4. Tarun Kumar Rawat, “Digital Signal Processing”, 1sr Ed., Oxford University Press, India.
Prof. Dharmendra Upadhyay
Course Coordinator
ECC16: Digital Communication
Units Contents Approximate
number of
Classes
1. PULSE MODULATION:
Sampling Techniques: Sampling theorem (Instantaneous Sampling, 3
Natural Sampling and Flat Top Sampling), Band Pass Sampling.
2. Waveform Coding:
PAM, PPM, PWM their generation and detection circuits, Quantization 5
Noise, PCM, Companding, DPCM, DM and ADM (modulators and
demodulators), TDM and standards.
FIRST CLASS TEST 1
3. DIGITAL COMMUNICATION:
Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization Procedure, Maximum likelihood 11
Detection, Correlation Receiver, Matched Filter Receiver, Digital
Modulation format, Coherent Binary Modulation techniques, Coherent
Quardrature Modulation techniques. Detectors for ASK, PSK, FSK, QPSK,
QAM, DPSK. Performance analysis in presence of AWGN.
MID SEMESTER TEST
4 DIGITAL SIGNALING: 8
Error rate due to channel noise in a Matched-filter receiver, intersymbol
interference, Signal design for zero ISI, Nyquist’s criterion for distortionless
baseband binary transmission, Raised cosine spectrum, square root raised
cosine spectrum
5. SOURCE CODING TECHNIQUES:
Measure of information, entropy, properties of entropy, Lempel Ziv and 8
Shannon-Fano and Huffman Coding, Mutual information and its properties,
channel capacity, Shannon Theorem-I and II, Binary Symmetric Channel,
BEC, Repetition of signals.
Books Recommended:
1) Communication Systems by Haykins, Wiley Publication
2) Digital communication by Haykins, Wiley Publication
Evaluation Scheme: (15 marks)
i. Class tests : weightage- 5marks
ii. Teacher Assessment Quality: weightage 5 marks
iii. Assignments : weightage- 5 marks
EXPERIMENTS TO BE PERFORMED IN SESSION AUGUST-DECEMBER2019
1. *Sample 2 KHz and 6 KHz signals and observe the effect of sampling frequency on
reconstructed output. Also verify Nyquist Theorem.
2. *[a] Observe the output of of PCM Encoder when a DC voltage is applied to its input. Find
the difference between quantization level of the PCM Encoder.
*[b] Observe the effect when a Sinusoidal signal is passed through PCM Encoder and
reconstructed using PCM Decoder.
3. Evaluate the performance of Uniform Quantizer when used to quantize uniformly
distributed samples, Gaussian distributed samples and speech samples.
4. Evaluate the performance of Non Uniform Quantizer when used to quantize a speech sample.
5. *Observe the performance of Binary ASK signal in presence of noise.
6. * Observe the performance of Binary FSK signal in presence of noise.
7. Evaluate the performance of QPSK modulated wave in presence of AWGN.
8. Generate the symbols with the following probabilities
x1= 0.1, x2 = 0.1, x3 = 0.2, x4 = 0.2, x5 = 0.4
Using Huffman technique find the codes and the compression ratio.
9. Generate the symbols with the following probabilities
1 1 1 1
x1 = 2, x2 = 4, x3 = 8, x4 = 8
Using Shannon Fano Encoding technique find the codes and the compression ratio.
1101000
0110100
10. Generate a (7,4) Linear Block Code given a generator matrix 𝐺 = [ ]. Assume that
1110010
1010001
the received vector is 1 0 0 1 0 0 1. Find the Syndrome.
NOTE:(*) Indicates Hardware Experiments to be performed on TIMS Kits.
Prof. Shree Prakash Singh
Course Coordinator
ECC17: Microprocessor and its Applications
Sr. No. Course Content No. of
Lectures
1. Evolution of the Microprocessor. Elements of a microprocessor. Example 1
applications of microprocessors. Review of related past courses: On digital
logic.
2. Popular 8-bit Microprocessors (8085, Z80, 6502, 6800). 8085 architecture 4
description. Description of 8085 pins and their functions. Accessing and
addressing memory.
3. Instruction Set Architecture. Use of internal registers and flags. 6
Classification of instructions (data transfer, math and logic, control transfer
and misc.). Addressing modes. Assembly language programming.
Assembler directives. Writing simple programs for math operations, logic
operations. conditional jump. Arranging numbers. Memory testing. Writing
subroutines. Idea of writing a macro.
4. Clock signal generation methods for 8085. Range of clock frequency (0.5 to 1
5MHz, why?). Various types of Reset sources for 8085.
5. Instruction timing and execution. Instruction cycle, machine cycle and clock 3
cycle. Timing diagrams. ‘Ready’ signal use. 8085 State Transition Diagram.
Program execution time. Delay subroutines
6. Introduction to Interfacing. Direct and memory mapped ports. Input and 1
output ports.
7. Interrupts. Maskable and non-maskable. Vectored and non-vectored 1
4) Construct and Analyze the Monopole Antenna on EM Simulator.
5) Design and Analysis of the Patch antenna with Coaxial Probe feed.
6) Design and Analysis of Linear Array, using full wave EM Simulator.
7) The Measurement of S-parameters of any Device under test (DUT) like one, two and Three port
devices (which designed by students) using the vector Network Analyzer (VNA)
8) Minor Project assigned in the Lab.
Mr. Shailesh Mishra
Course Coordinator
ECD05: BICMOS Analog Integrated Circuits
Unit Topics Approx.
no. of
lectures/
classes
Unit 1 Review of Devices-BJT, MOSFET and others; Device models for hand -
analysis (self- study)
Unit 2 Trans-linear (TL) principle, Typical examples and applications of TL 10
circuits, Synthesis of 4-quadtrant translinear Current-mode multiplier,
Mixed Translinear Cells; Current Conveyors and Current feedback op-
amps.
Class Test I 19/08/2019-
23/08/2019
Unit 3 Bipolar and MOS Current mirrors; MOS Amplifiers: CS amplifier, 8
Source follower; Source-coupled differential amplifier, MOS differential-
to-single-ended converter, cascode amplifier
Mid-Semester Examination 16/9/2019-
24/09/2019
Unit 4 Operational amplifiers: Typical Bipolar and CMOS op-amp 10
architectures; Modern CMOS OTAs; MOS multipliers/dividers;
Nonlinearity cancellation techniques in MOS circuits; Linear CMOS
voltage-controlled resistors; Introduction to MOS translinear circuits.
Class Test II 21-10-2019-
25/10/2019
Unit 5 Voltage references: simple voltage reference, VBE-multiplier, Zener 4
voltage reference circuit, bandgap reference circuit
Unit 6 Typical Examples of analog circuit designs: Programmable current 4
reference, Triangular wave generator, 4-bit Current summing DAC;
Pitfalls and Design practices in BiCMOS analog circuit design
References:
1. C. Toumazou, F. G. Lidgey and D. G. Haigh: `Analog IC Design: The Current-mode approach’,
April 1990, Peter Peregrinus Ltd.
2. Paul R. Grey, Paul J Hurst, Stephen H. Lewis and Robert G Meyer: `Analysis and Design of
Analog Integrated Circuits’, 5th Edition, John Wiley, January 2009
3. James C Daly and Denis P. Galipeau, `Analog BiCMOS Design: Practices and Pitfalls,’ CRC Press
4. References suggested by the course instructor
List of Experiments:
1. Bipolar Gilbert Multiplier: (i) determination of its transfer characteristics (ii) operation as a
squarer and frequency doubler (iii) Tone burst generator
2. Verification of the operation of a Translinear Squarer: Transfer characteristic and transient
response
3. Translinear Current follower: DC, Transient and frequency response
4. Translinear CCII based noninverting amplifier and study of gain-bandwidth-decoupling
5. Realisation and verification of the gain bandwidth decoupling in a noninverting/inverting
amplifiers realised with CFOA AD844 for gains of 1 to 20
6. Comparative performance evaluation of MOS Wilson Current mirror, Gilbert Mirror (cascode
current mirror) and Modified Wilson Current mirror, in respect of (i) error in current ratio (ii)
dynamic output resistance (iii) Compliance voltage range
7. Realisation and verification of a linearized CMOS grounded VCR and its application in
realizing a electronically-controllable filter
8. Verification of a linearized CMOS transconductance amplifier: determination of its linear range
and 3-dB bandwidth
9. SPICE simulation studies on a CMOS CCII: determination of linear range and applications in
realizing various controlled sources
10. SPICE simulation studies on a BiCMOS CCCII: verification of the realizations of positive and
negative resistors
(Professor Raj Senani)
Course Coordinator
