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We start a new series of Model Laboratory with a Sd.Kfz.171 Panther and the intention of offer you
an exhaustive step by step of the realization of this model kit, from the building to the painting.
Also you can find some profiles and a gallery with Panthers of several authors.

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INDICE ING:INDICE ING 25/04/13 22:48 Página 3

Tiger i e, Sch. Pz. abt. 509

2 A study of the history of the 509th Heavy
Tank Battalion which was equipped with
a number of early Tiger I E’s.

dumper gMC
This piece is absolutely unique due to 40
the amazing weathering techniques
applied by the author.

20 a22 “Churchill” MK. Vii

F. Moreno reveals a very realistic
model of the famous British tank,
concentrating on the weathering effects..

Pz. Kpfw. ii (F)

C. Vergara Durán has modelled an 48
armored Panzer II flame-thrower.

30 SKoda Typ 952 Kabrio

J. L. Macone explains how to make
a very original diorama: a soldier is
cleaning a military car, one half reveals a
highly polished side, while the other half is
covered in dust.

SWS
The author explains, using 54
pigments in the most simple way,
how to simulate mud.

60 Modeling SeMinarS. Compressors. A chapter on compressors and air-propellant systems in which the author gives the necessary
advice on care and maintenance of compressors. This advice will prolong the operating life of any compressor.
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:14 Página 2
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:14 Página 3

By: Carlos de Diego Vaquerizo

Photographs: Rodrigo Hdez. Chacón
Color side views by: Carlos de Diego Vaquerizo
tamiya 1/35

The Sch. Pz. Abt. 509, The

509 Heavy Tank Battalion,
was created in September
1943 in Schwetzingen. The
staff was from the
Panzerregiment 204 of the
22 Pz. Div.

his battalion was formed with a

complement of forty-five heavy
tanks, Tiger I E’s. Crew training
began in Sennelager and was completed in
Mailly le Camp, France.
At the end of October, the unit was
entrained by rail convoy to Lemberg. On
reaching Lemberg, the men were then dri-
ven to Fatowez, three hundred kilometers
from Lemberg. The unit first faced their
opponents in November 1943.
It was embroiled in some really fero-
cious battles which continued right up
until the end of the year, near Zitomir. By
the beginning of 1944, the unit took part
in operations to protect the bridge over the
river Bug at Sasslaw (February) and near
Sawniza (March) both of which were of
significant importance. In April 1944, the
battalion moved to Kolomyja, to undertake
the training of Hungarian crews and
become part of the reserve. In June, the
battalion was sent once more to the Front.
During the battle for Kielce in Septem-
ber 1944, the loss of crews became excep-
tional and the unit retired to Sennelager to
be re-equipped with the new Tiger II or
Tiger Ausf-B tanks.
Once the training period was complete,
in January 1945, the unit moved to Hun-
gary to the Stuhlweisenburg sector. The
unit held their own in a number of furious
battles against the Russians but were even-
tually forced to retire towards Kapplitz near
the Moldau river in May 1945.
Three hours after the last counter-
attack, the last five Königstiger were
destroyed by their own crews on the 23rd
May 1945 at 11:00 P.M. 3
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 4

The following day, the remainder of the battalion surren-

dered to U.S. troops in the south of Kaplitz. The unit’s loss-
es amounted to one hundred and twenty tanks, a third of
which were destroyed by their own crews while the remain-
der were destroyed by the advancing Russian troops. Over
500 enemy AFVs were destroyed by the 509 Battalion.

A S S E M B L Y
The Tiger I E’s assigned to the Sch. Pz. Abt. 509 in
September 1943, were the first intermediate models, pro-
duced between July and August 1943. These tanks are
very interesting, they have no crosses painted nor zim-
merit added, and the numbers on the turret sides are
somewhat incongruous. These armored vehicles are the
initial versions with an intermediate turret.
For making this particular vehicle, two Tamiya's kits

The shot damage on the armor

plating was simulated by gouging
out an indentation in the plastic
with a blade. I subsequently
assembled the blade into an
electric welder and apply some
touches with the end of it.

The vertical armor plates are

uneven so I pressed a large
paintbrush with hard bristles
4
soaked with liquid glue.
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 5

Note the great number of materials used for the

superdetailing. Note a small spring glued to the side
of the periscope made of 0.10mm brass. The towing
cable heads were made by hollowing some plastic
parts and then gluing two plastic bits, subsequently
inserted in both aluminum tubes.

The lateral mudguards were cut from

0.13mm plastic sheet. Give them a worn
look by simulating creases and dents with The tube for
a pair of pincers. the antenna
has been
substituted
by another
(initial and intermediate versions) were made from
required, or else simply using an intermediate 1.20mm
model and obtaining a conversion kit by Model Evergreen
Kasten. stick. I then
added some
I chose the first preference, as I have always
shrapnel
liked the injected plastic forms which are so damage with
neat and pure compared to the white metal or the end of a
resin items. Unfortunately, Tamiya's initial blade.
Tiger tubing for the air filter, made of vinyl, is

5
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 6

The tool box was detailed using thin

plastic and photo-etched parts, the
three chains of the drainage caps
were made by plaiting 0.07mm
copper wire.

poorly detailed. In the end, I was forced to

buy the conversion set by Model Kasten
Several details from the front area. This tank has no that includes some excellent tubes.
headlight, nor a support on the right side as with On completion, the model turned to be
the majority of the first intermediate Tiger I’s. a hybrid using items from three dif-
ferent kits.

The supports
for the mine-
thrower
tubes were
made from
0.20mm
acetate. The
Fiefel filter
supports are
made of
brass.

I feel it is unnecessary
to make an exhaustive
analysis of the assembly. I
will instead, list the necessary
modifications to be made to the
Tamiya intermediate model:
Replace the 20ton jack with a
The curved exhaust shields were thinned by scraping with a blade and then 15ton one and place it in the rear
sanding for an homogeneous finish. The same process was used for the holes part of the hull. Add a toolbox in the
6 caused by shrapnel. left part and replace the Feifel filters.
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 7

All the tools need to be replaced on the upper part of the

MATERIALS CHART
hull. Put a headlight on the left and add five mine-thrower tubes
MODEL: as the filter tubes near the induction air engine intakes.
– German Tiger I Mid. Production, Tamiya ref. 35194, scale1/35. Finally, a small
– German Tiger I Frühe Produktion, Tamiya ref. 35216. circular pistol sho-
PHOTO-ETcHED PArTS:
oting porthole on
– Tiger I Ausf. E, Aber ref. 35015.
BArrEL: the left side of the
– German 8,8 cm KwK 36, J. Rubio ref. TG-08. turret was drilled.
TrAcKS: As usual, when
– Tiger I Early Track (workable), Model Kasten ref. SK-2.
assembling the
AccESSOrIES:
– Tubes for the filters from the conversion set Tiger I Early Model, Tiger I variants, new
Model Kasten ref. C-1. mudguards using
– Mine-thrower Tiger I, MiniMeca ref. prototype. 0.13-mm plastic
– Towing cables Tiger I, MiniMeca ref. 3516.
sheet need to be
– Cleaning rod Tiger I, MiniMeca ref. 3506.
– Wing-nuts, Model Kasten ref. A-4. made to replace the
cover the interior of the
FIGurES: kit parts,. Also, gunner’s hatch using 0.13mm
– Dragon ref. 6090 Hornet’s heads. plastic sheet and then add all
the small details. The armored
cover was replaced with one
from an early Tiger I. This was
then completed using Model
Kasten wing-nuts.

reduce the exhaust shields and add fur-

ther details with small photo-etched or
scratch-built items.

The tubes for the air filters

were from Model Kasten, while
the screws are made from steel sticks
cut to the correct scale. The upper metal
strips, as many other parts in the Aber photo-
etch sheet, are over scale and they need to be replaced
using acetate or brass strip.
7
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 8

The soot that accumulated around

P A I N T I N G the air intake grills was simulated by
airbrushing a highly diluted mixture
of brown and black. The plate with
I read many books before writing this
the fire extinguisher specifications
article and they all differed in their opin- was painted black and white.
ions on the camouflage colors used by the
509 battalion for painting the Tiger I.
Finally, I chose the book ‘Tigers in Com-
bat I’ by W. Schneider as I consider this to
be the most reliable. The author writes
about the arrival of these unit tanks on the
Ostfront painted in Dunkelgelb (RAL
7028) and Olivgrün (RAL 6003) colors.
These are the steps I followed for paint-
ing this model:

The oil bin by Plus Model was

decorated with aluminum enamel.
The decal was placed in the right
position and subsequently dirtied
using black acrylic and a fine brush.
Some oil spots were painted around
the bin.

The hulls was detailed by adding five

rivets to each and then painted with
different Feldgrau shades, with the
many paint chips painted a mixture of
8 orange and black.
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 9

A very interesting detail! The crew has replaced a wheel in

the front, there are some chalk traces showing the
battalion number and weight.

The towing cables are painted with steel gray enamel and
dirtied using ochre, brown and black acrylics.

Profiling and shading:

There are
Apply shading with the airbrush using
different types
of dirt smudges, highly diluted brown acrylic paint and then
some are spots dirtied down with a little black. Wash a
and others are coat over the lower areas with raw umber
oil stains. They oil paint for darkening and then harmonize
were made by with the general base color shades.
using
alternatively
gray and brown Dry-brush:
acrylic paints Apply very subtle dry brushing around
and oils. the relevant edges to simulate light reflec-

Dunkelgelb base color:

All the surfaces have been completely
Some touches of
covered by airbrushing very subtle coats of
a mixture of
dark yellow acrylic paint. Wait for each steel gray and
coat to be completely dry before applying silver were
the subsequent one. applied on the
edges of the
shrapnel
Bleaching and weathering: damage.
The base color is bleached by airbrush-
ing very diluted subtle coats of white paint.
Concentrate on the center of the armor paper and then spraying with white tions. I worked on the lower half of the
plates and in those areas where the light paint. model using a mixture of ochre and gray
strikes most. and on the upper part with a light stone
Dirt and grease stains: enamel paint similar to but lighter than the
The blotches and the dirt stains are shade used .
Olivgrün camouflage:
The camouflage blotches were carefully made with an paintbrush following two
different steps. First, use highly diluted chipped paint:
applied with the airbrush. Use a mixture of
brown acrylic, which is distributed over the Simulate chipped paint and rust using a
olive green (60%) Japanese green/Army
model’s surface. Do not allow the paint to very fine brush and several color mixes
(30%) and dark green (10%). I added a
‘weep’ excessively and remove any excess (dark brown, orange and black).
large amount of solvent to help with apply-
ing consisting brushstrokes. A number of that usually accumulates along the edges.
Subsequently, use some oil shades and Tracks:
coats were applied to each blotch.
dust and stump these onto the different Apply a Field Gray base color and sever-
surfaces using a solvent specific to enamel al brown shades. Finally, apply two wash
Numerals: coats. As it was intended to simulate rust
paints.
These are always painted with an air- and dirt, wash one coat with brown,
brush. I made masks by cutting adhesive wood, orange and black acrylics and then 9
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 10

The shot effect was imitated by applying black paint with a brush, the
mixture used previously in the center was then applied. The older shot
damage was treated using different rust shades.

darken by wash coating with black, raw

umber and burnt Sienna oils.

Varnishing
To protect the finished model and
achieve an overall homogeneous look, air-
brush two coats of matt varnish over the
entire surface of the tank. The varnish
must be 75% diluted using an enamel spe-
cific solvent. Never flood the surface!

The general highlighting has been

done with an airbrush, using a highly
diluted mixture of brown and black.

COLOR CHART
(Tiger I)
TAMIYA (acrylics)
XF-1 flat black
XF-2 flat white
XF-10 flat brown
XF-13 Japanese Army green
XF-50 Field Blue
XF-58 Olive green
XF-60 dark yellow
XF-61 dark green
ANDrEA cOLOr (acrylics)
AC-15 ochre
AC-17 dark brown
AC-21 base blue
AC-26 mat black
AC-32 French orange
AC-37 emerald green
AC-41 wood
AC-45 gloss varnish
AC-57 emerald gray
AC-59 Confederate gray
MIr (oil paints)
25 Sap green
39 Ivory black
42 Golden ochre
B I B L I O G R A P H Y 45 Raw umber
48 Burnt Sienna
– SCHNEIDER, Wolfgang, Tigers in combat I, J.J. Fedorowicz Publishing Inc., Manitoba,
Canada, 1994. HuMBrOL (enamels)
– BITOH, Mitsuru, “Panzerkampfwagen Tiger”, Achtung Panzer nº 6, Dai Nippon Kaiga Co., 121 mat light stone
Japan, 1999. TAMIYA (enamels)
– TOMIOKA, Yoshikatsu y KOBAYASHI, Motofumi, Der Panzerkampfwagen Tiger an der X-10 steel gray
Front Bilband und Tiger Fibel im Bild, Dai Nippon Kaiga, Japan, 1998. X-11 Chrome silver
– RESTAIN, Jean, Tigre I sur le front de l´Est, Histoire & Collections, Paris, 1999. XF-16 flat aluminum
– JENTZ, Tom, DOYLE, Hilary y SARSON, Peter, “Tiger I heavy tank 1942-1945”, New MArABu (varnish)
10 Vanguard nº 5, Osprey Publishing Ltd., London, 1993. 1108 mat varnish
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 11

The bars for locking the driver’s hatch

were painted green to simulate a kind
of anti-corrosion paint. The black
periscope has green-blue glass.

The loader hatch bars were

painted dark yellow along with
the rest of the tank.
Metal parts:
The tools, the drive sprockets and any
recent hits from anti-tank rounds or shrapnel The falling leaves
are carefully painted with a mixture of steel under the AFV
were simulated
gray (80%) and silver (20%) enamels. Simulate
with a sort of sheep
the polish metal parts on the edges of hatches sorrel called
and on previously painted chips using a 3H- ‘rumex’, glued to
graphite pen. the ground with a
mixture of white
rust: glue and water.
This plant is red
Finally, apply some touches around the
brown, with most
most weathered shot damaged areas using a of the leaves
light rust color. painted cream.
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 12

The lines of the driver’s The pullover was

wool pullover and lapels painted a base
were engraved using the mixture of
point of a blade. The German Khaki and
cuffs were not a little English
hollowed, as the arms Khaki. Apply
are inside the turret. highlights using
confederate Gray
and Parchment
White and shading
using pure Black. The jacket base color is a mixture of
Medium Gray and English Khaki.
Highlight by adding
Deck Tan to the The Feldmütze model 42
base color and apply has a base color consisting
the shading by of a mixture of Black and
adding pure Black. I Black Gray lightened using
have always used a confederate gray or
paint medium when darkened with pure Black.
shading. The head was glued in
place once the torso was
fitted into the armored
vehicle.

Add a little parchment white to the base medium gray and 30% English khaki. To
F I G U R E S
mix when applying the final highlight and highlight the driver’s jacket, use Deck Tan
The three crew members are wearing give some light touches to hard edged while for the gunner’s one, I prefer Golden
their winter uniform ‘Wintertarnanzung’. areas like the cheekbones, the chin, the Flesh. I always use Black for shading.
They are from a Dragon kit of a German ears and the end of the nose.
mortar crew, 12 cm Granatwerfer 42. camouflage Jacket:
The figures were modified as follows; The gray jackets: The base is a mixture of 50% Confeder-
repositioning the arms, retouching the To paint the clothes, I chose a mix of ate Gray and 50% Green Gray. Before draw-
hoods and lapels, detailing with the use of Model Color and Andrea Color acrylics. ing the camouflage blotches, apply high-
a blade and sand paper. The heads were These have a perfect matt finish.. All lights using Golden Flesh.
replaced with some by Hornet. clothes were painted with a base of 70%
I have used acrylics for painting, apply-
ing highlights and shading. The highly
FIGURES
diluted coats of lighter or darker shade
applied to the figure cover a smaller surface COLOR CHART
each time.
ANDrEA cOLOr (acrylics)
When applying the shading, I suggest AC-01 German Khaki
using a medium for all mixes as the final AC-06 Mat White
finish is softer and more natural. AC-19 Medium Gray
AC-26 Mat Black
Below are the different mixtures used for
AC-53 Dark Orange
each part of the figures: AC-59 Confederate Gray
MODEL cOLOr (acrylics)
The skin: 596 Medium
I used Model Color acrylics as they have 817 Scarlet
818 Red Leather
a slightly satin finish. The base mix is com-
845 Golden yellow
posed of 60% dark flesh, 30% English 858 Ice Yellow
Army uniform and 10% scarlet red. I added 862 Black Gray
golden flesh for highlighting the first time 886 Green Gray
893 American Green
and then parchment white for the final
920 Parchment White
highlights. When shading, I first add scar- 921 English Uniform/Khaki
let and English Army Uniform to the base 927 Dark Flesh
mix, then use only English Army Uniform, 960 Violet
967 Olive Green
then coat a mix of violet with a bit of scar-
983 Mat Earth
let and finally add depth with a mixture of 986 Deck Tan
12
violet and black.
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 13

The tubular scarf was Highlighting is applied after painting the eyes and skin.
sculpted from putty, the The shading mix must be diluted to the minimum so
shoelaces for adjusting the that it leaves just the merest trace. Several passes will
hood were made from two be necessary for the
pieces of 0.2mm copper shading to be perceptible.
wire and their ends A final touch under the
knotted. A coat of white cheekbones was applied
primer has been applied using scarlet. The final
with an airbrush. tongue shade is made
with a mixture of scarlet
and white.

I used Golden Flesh for

highlighting the jacket. The reversible white part
The Einheitsfeldmütze of the uniform was
model 43 was painted painted parchment
using the same colors as white. Then,
for the cap, although the confederate gray and
shade is a slightly darker. black was used for
shading with matt white
for the highlights.

The camouflage is formed using Olive and some Mat Sand/Confederate Gray Green/Confederate Gray vertical lines.
Green/American Green splinter blotches smudges. I also drew some American Finally, I added two highlights using

13
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 14

highly diluted Golden Flesh and shading with For the headphones to be adapted to the
a mixture of English Khaki and Black. For the figure head, I was forced to reduce the upper
next shading, add small quantities of Black. part of the cap using
a ‘Mouse-tail’ file.
The cables as well as
caps: the switch are made
Use a base mixture of Black and Black Gray of plastic.
in different proportions. I use Confederate
Gray for highlighting and pure Black for shad-
The jacket base color
ing.
is a mixture of 50%
green gray and 50%
confederate gray. I
applied very subtle
golden flesh
highlights.

The cables for the

headphones and throat-
microphones were painted
with a base of black and red
leather, and subsequently
lightened using dark orange.

The spots forming the

Splittermuster camouflage
were outlined very
carefully using a No.1 After painting the small
brush. They were then camouflage vertical lines, The hair was painted with
filled in. The colors are I applied two general a mixture of English khaki
not contrasting. highlights, then shading and ice yellow, and then
and then I finally painted lightened using white.
the cap.

After placing the figure in the correct

position, the Verlinden map was
glued to the hand.. The map’s
weathered look was obtained by
applying two brown washes.
14
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 15

Pz.Kpfw. VI TIGER Ausf. E (Sd.Kfz.181), Sch. Panzerabreilung 509, Fastow area, November 11, 1943.

Pz.Kpfw. VI TIGER Ausf. E (Sd.Kfz.181), Sch. Panzerabreilung 509, Zitomir, December 24th, 1943.

Pz.Kpfw. VI TIGER Ausf. E (Sd.Kfz.181), Sch. Panzerabreilung 509, surroundings of Baglaika , March 10th, 1944. 15
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 16

InterIor

Emblem of Sch, Pz. Abt. 509.There is no photographic

constancy that it was painted in the Tiger.

16
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 17

INNEr cOLOrS

OuTEr cOLOrS

17
tiger 1E-1-ING :tiger 1E-1-ING 25/04/13 23:15 Página 18

Pz.Kpfw. VI TIGER Ausf. E (Sd.Kfz.181), Sch. Panzerabreilung 509, Krystynopol, July 19th, 1944.

Pz.Kpfw. VI TIGER Ausf. E (Sd.Kfz.181), Sch. Panzerabreilung 509, close to Kielce, August, 1944.

18
Pz.Kpfw. VI TIGER Ausf. E (Sd.Kfz.181), Sch. Panzerabreilung 509, Hungary, March, 1944.
Publicidad CR_Indice 169 01/05/13 13:05 Página 2

Tanks in Russia

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Tanks in Russia I Tanks in Russia II Tanks in Russia III Tanks in Russia IV
•Tanks of the Eastern Front, •A further analyse on •Emblems of Armored •Pz.Kpfw. V Panther Ausf. A,
1941-1942: Painting and camouflages based on new German Units on the 5.SS-Pz.Div. “Wiking”
camouflage information. Assembly and Eastern Front, 1943-1945 •Perfiles: Pz.Kpfw. V Panther
•Pz.Kpfw. I Ausf. B:10. Pz.Div. superdetailing of Russian •German Camouflage Colors, Ausf. A
•Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. F:7. Pz.Div. and Germantanks and 1943 (RAL 840R) •Pz.Kpfw. Vi tiger Ausf. E , 2.
•Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. H:3. specially the following •Russian Camouflage Colors, Pz.Rgt., SS-Pz.Gren.Div. “Das
Pz.Div. models: 1943 Reich”
•Tracks & •Pz.Kpfw.38 (t), •Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. M - •Perfiles: Pz.Kpfw. Vi tiger
accessories:Painting and •T-26 Pz.Rgt.3., 2. Pz.Div. Ausf. E
varnishing •T-60 •Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. G - 20. Pz. •Pz.Kpfw. Vi tiger Ausf. E ,
•Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. E:6. •T-34/78 mod.1940 Div. Sch. Pz.Abt. 509
Pz.Div. •T-34 mod.1941 •Pz.Kpfw. V Ausf. D - 51. •Pz.Kpfw. VI tiger Ausf. E ,
•Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. F-1:5. •T-34/76 mod.1941/42 Pz.Abt., III Pz.Rgt.53 Sch. Pz.Abt. 509 versión
Pz.Div., Pz. Rgt. 31 “Ekranami” •T-34/76 Mod. 1943. 30th invierno
•Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. F-2:14. •BT-5 Guard Armored •IS-1 (KV-85), Unidad de
Pz.Div., Pz. Rgt. 36 •BT-7M, , entrenamiento cerca de la
•Identification symbols:The •KV-II mod.1939, fábrica Kirovski
emblems used by German •KV-I mod.1941 •IS-1, 13 regimiento de
crews in the Eastern Front, •KV-IE. choque de carros pesados
1941-1942. de la guardia

ACCION PRESS, S.A.

C/Ezequiel Solana, 16 bajo, 28017 MADRID
Tel. 913 675 708 – Fax 914 085 841
www.euromodelismo.com · e-mail: suscripciones@euromodelismo.com
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 20

everal concepts, like the reinforcing cavalry and advanced ahead of the main It was also in many ways similar to the
of defensive lines and the use of body (A9, A10, A13 and Crusader models). WWI tanks. The large exposed tracks, eleven
tanks to accompany the advance The British decided to reorganize the bogie/axle casing supported by leaf springs,
of the infantry, made no sense after the armored corps following the initial battles, almost 8metres in length, 3.25metres wide
Blitzkrieg of May 1940. Even after the Ger- but, in the meantime, continued to pro- and an all-up weight of 39 tons.
man Army established the guidelines for duce these armored models as these were The 102mm thick armor of the MkI had,
the use of armored forces, the British took urgently needed to plug the gaps. by the advent of the MkVII, increased to
an inordinate time to absorb and adapt to The A22 ‘Churchill’ was the result of a 152mm. The early 2 pounder main arma-
these new tactics. requirement for an infantry tank designed ment had been increased to a 6-pounder
The British considered two types of to bolster the British army’s morale. It was when mounted in the Mark III and, finally,
tank, the infantry and the crusader. designed, produced and delivered to the by a 75-mm gun with muzzle brake for the
The first type was, needless to say, armored units in the space of just one year. Mark VI tank. Some other variants were
entrusted with the task of accompanying the As there was no time to check perfor- equipped with 95-mm mortars.
infantry (e.g. the Matilda and the Valentine). mances, many technical adjustments had As far as the secondary armament was
20 The second, meanwhile, played the role of to be out carried in the field . concerned, there were also some changes.
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 21

By: Felipe Moreno Medrano Photographs by: Rodrigo Hernández Chacón

tamiya 1/35

during the 1930s, both the French and British

armies felt that the next conflict would
develop in much the same way as during the
last years of WWi.

Finally, two 7.92-mm Besa machine-gun Crocodile flame-thrower or the MK VII

were installed. model. In this case, it was the latter model
The 12-cylinder, 350hp, Bedford Twin- that was chosen.
Six enabled the vehicle to attain a maxi- Although the kit has excellent detail,
mum speed of 25 kph on road and 13 kph nevertheless, it was decided to add some
when travelling cross-country. more. One of the reference photographs
The first design was continuously modi- show a tank crew dismantling part of the
fied. In all, eleven versions were produced, mudguard (the central and the front parts).
including a number of different special ver- This was done to assist with track mainte-
sions supplied to the REME. The Churchill
in its many guises fought on all Fronts dur-
ing the war. A total number of 5,640 vehi- materials chart
cles were issued during WWII, and pro-
duction only ceased with end of model:
- Churchill Crocodile british
hostilities.
flamethrower tank, Tamiya ref.
35100, escala 1/35.
photo-etching:
A S S E M B L Y - Churchill Mk VII, Eduard ref. 35135.
accessories:
Despite this being a very old Tamiya kit, - Tank tool & equipment boxes,
its quality is really excellent. The parts have Verlinden Productions ref. 0346.
good surface detail and there were no - Links from the Sherman Vc “Firefly”,
problems during assembly. From the kit, Dragon ref. 6031.
two different versions can be built, the - Jerry cans, Italeri ref. 402.
Figure:
- Verlinden Productions ref. 0302.

paint chips were painted with a mixture of black and red

21
brown using a fine brush.
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 22

For painting the

colors chart stars, paper
(“churchill”) masks were cut
from adhesive
tamiYa (acrylics) sheets. it is
XF-2 flat white recommended
XF-13 Japanese Khaki that these to be
XF-49 Khaki painted before
weathering.
XF-51 Khaki brown
XF-57 buff
model color (acrylics)
847 dark sand
864 natural steel
875 beige brown
888 olive gray
nance. The upper the front of the turret, as well as on the dri-
897 tan green
part (produced as one single part) has to ver and gunners hatches.
929 light brown
950 black be sawn and then cleaned up with files
982 red brown and sandpaper.
model master (enamels) The model was completed using some P A I N T I N G
1749 mat black Eduard photo-etched parts. The plastic :
humBrol (enamels) handles were replaced with others made of From the beginning, we wanted a really
63 mat sand wire. dirty armored vehicle and for this, the
250 desert mat sand Once the model was assembled, the Churchill was an excellent model because
titan (oils) mud caked onto the lower areas was simu- of the great number of ‘nooks and cran-
80 asphalt lated using a mixture of filler, marble pow- nies’ in the skirts. As the mud, sand or
maraBu (varnish) der, Verlinden static grass and acetone. even grass was able to accumulate on both
1108 mat varnish To make the tank look as realistic as sides, the painting and weathering session
possible, some Sherman tracks links were looked like it would be fun.
added to augment the armor on both sides, A base mixture of 70% brown khaki and
30% Japanese Army was made. For the
the mud was highlights first, more khaki was airbrushed
simulated using and then, finally, a buff colour was used.
a mixture of The white stars on the front of the mud-
putty, marble
powder and
synthetic grass
distributed with
a brush on the
lower parts as
well as on the
wheels.

the decal film

has been
removed with a
blade, then
both micro sol
and micro set
were used
when applying
the decals.

22
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 23

the large star on

the turret was colors chart
painted using a (Figure)
photo-etched
stencil. a coat of model color (acrylics)
matt varnish was 847 dark sand
applied overall to 882 yellow stone
cover the shine 950 black
caused by the use 951 white
of thinners, andrea color (mat sand)
enamels and oil 10 dark flesh
paints.

guards were painted with the help of adhe-

sive masks, while, for the one on the turret
roof, a photo-etched stencil was used.
Once totally dry, a light brushing of two
the ‘W-d’ (War different enamel sand shades was applied.
department) Highly diluted black enamel washes were
inscription on the then applied to accentuate the detail, wait-
jerry cans is the ing for each coat to dry before applying the
British copy of a
next one. The dirtying process then began
german
inscription. by airbrushing a light coat of matt earth
enamel on the lower parts.

the figure was painted with acrylics, shadowed and

highlighted. the base color for the uniform is dark sand,
with a little yellow stone color added. Black and white
were used for shadowing and highlighting.

The same area was then worked on

some more with some water washes using
brown earth acrylic paints. This continued
until each part looked completely caked
with mud and sand.
There were also many footprints made
by the crew as they climbed on and off the
tank. These were applied using the same
colours as above and diluting them and
making shapeless blotches.
To simulate the rusted paint chips, a
mixture of black and reddish brown was
used and this was applied with a thin
paintbrush. The rust on the exhausts was a
mixture of dark brown and orange.
The wooden parts of the tools were
painted light brown, with a darker shade to
simulate the wood grain. The metal parts
were painted black and then dry-brushed
23
with natural steel.
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 24

the different shades of the base color were achieved by

applying washes using two different sand enamels.

after airbrushing earth enamel on the lower areas, several

washes of brown earth shades for simulating mud were
applied.

The tracks were given a coat of dark in the same way but using varying degrees For softening the oil finish, a highly
brown, followed by some washes of the of rust shades. In order to simulate grease diluted coat of matt varnish was airbrushed
rust color mixed and dry-brushed with nat- smudges, several spots of asphalt oil were over the whole model.
ural steel. The Sherman links were painted applied where necessary.

the tracks were

BIBLIOGRAPHY painted a dark
brown base color,
• BOUCHERY, Jean, “From D-Day to then some washes
V-Day”, in The british soldier Vol 2, of sand and rust
Histoire & Collections, France, 1999. shades were
• PERRETT, Bryan, SARSON, Peter and applied. the
CHAPELL, Mike, “Churchill Infantry metal parts are
Tank 1941-1951” in New Vanguard simulated by
nº 04, Osprey Publishing Ltd., dry-brushing
London, 1993. natural steel.

24
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 25

this is a highly
retouched photograph
taken during an
amphibious exercise in
1942. 13. here can be
seen two churchill
mark i’s from a
squadron, 48th
Battalion where the
main armament
consists of a two
pounder(40-mm) gun
and a 7.92mm Besa
coaxial machine-gun
in the turret with
another one in the
hull that replaced the
76.2mm mortar in the
early aFVs. -Spanish
‘Archivo General de la
Administración (AGA).
Ministerio de Educación
Cultura y Deporte’. F-
1277.

here can be seen several mark i’s in tunis sporting the insignia of these units (the insignia were erased
by the censor). only the regimental number can be identified, the squares of B squadron,
the staff officers lozenges, the national identification panels (red, white and red) and the individual name of
each armored vehicle. AGA. F-1277.
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 26

a churchill mark iV column

probably belonging to 6th
guards tank Brigade
moving in a zone cleared of
mines on the normandy
Front. the cast turret
mounted a six-pounder
(75mm) main gun; the
counterweight is clearly
visible. the track links
were often used by the
crews as additional armor.
AGA. F-1277.

the luftwaffe was still a formidable

opponent despite its losses during the
Battle of normandy. the tank crews
were under orders to camouflage
their vehicles using canvases, nets,
branches and so on. AGA. F-1277.

the 9th royal tank regiment

assigned to the 34 tank Brigade
waiting for the ‘attack’ order against
the siegfried line in the reichswald
forest. the fierce battle commenced
at dawn on the 8th–9th February
1944 and lasted a week. AGA. F-1277.
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 27

Photographs taken by: Rodrigo Hernández Cabos

r e p o r t a g e

churchill mark Vii. these tanks had a slightly larger hull, thicker 152-mm armor and their weight r
eached 40 tons with a maximum speed of 20km per hour. the bulls head in an inverted yellow triangle was the
79th armored division emblem.

the converted turret is a one-piece casting and some other welded parts. see the two fire extinguishers in
the side of the large stowage/tool box. 27
churchil ING:churchil ING 25/04/13 22:39 Página 28

on the left side of

the turret can be
seen the cylindrical
container for the
signal flags and on
the rear of the tank
the fording/wading
tube.

the early lateral

square gates were
replaced by round ones
on the mark Vii.

see the left aperture for

engine ventilation and
28 behind, a first-aid pouch.
62 AfrikaKorpsING_62 ES Suscrip.qxd 21/04/13 18:22 Página 62

New Monographic, Now On Sale!

19€
New monographic dedicated to the Afrika Korps. 88 pages in which you can find the latest
techniques employed by the authors showed step by step. A perfect reference to learn how to paint
those effects produced in desert conditions. Techniques that will inspire you to build your desert
models.

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C/Ezequiel Solana, 16 bajo, 28017 Madrid, Spain
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Wellington House, 157 Snargate Street, Dover, Kent CT17 9BZ
www.historexagents.com
INTERNET skoda ING: skoda ING 02/05/13 8:26 Página 30

By: Juan Luis Macone Photographs by: Carlos Salvador Gómez

plus model 1/35

A medium-class car based on the civil model Skoda Superb and named
Skoda Typ 952 Kabrio was made by the Czech Skoda during the
1941-43 period.

3,140-cm3 6-cylinder four-stroke The 4X4 (four-while-drive vehicle) be easily assembled. The sprues are in the
oil engine that gave an eighty CV Kfz.15 variant was also produced (nearly non-visible part of the kit box.
horsepower with five gears (inclu- 1,500 cars). This kit should be assembled very care-
des reverse gear). fully, as all the parts must be fixed with
It had a really smart "allure" and was A S S E M B L Y superglue. Beware of the resin dust when
equipped with a big curve shaped body- filing or sanding. Remember, resin dust is
work; the canvas convertible top can be This resin kit by Plus Model includes a extremely toxic! We advise using a mask
reclined. 100 models were built and subse- photo-etching set, decals, transparent and having a vacuum cleaner near your
quently requisitioned by the SS to be acetate for simulating the glasses and a sol- workplace.
directly assigned to the High ranking offi- id thermoformed convertible top. Use a mini-drill for filing the larger
cers under a new name: "Kommandeur This is an excellent kit with no resin items and a ‘Flex i File’ for the smaller
30 Cabriolet Kfz.21". bubbles, all parts have good detail and can ones. Keep the part to be worked on wet
INTERNET skoda ING: skoda ING 02/05/13 8:26 Página 31

The jerry can straps were made from stained cloth strips.
The convoy light is a Tamiya item.

The bar for supporting the beacons was substituted with a

plastic rod. See the shock-absorber spring made from thick
copper wire.

to avoid as much dust as possible. The thin flange that can easily get broken. It is
resultant paste can be removed quite easily better to remove this with a blade and MATERIALS CHART
before it has dried. replace it with a piece of fishing line. After,
The parts are easily assembled. Ensure apply some Mr. Surfacer putty to check the MODEL:
that, when gluing the axles to the chassis, whole. The same putty can also be applied - Skoda Typ 952 Kabrio, Plus Model ref.
100, scalE 1/35.
the wheels are centered in the mudguard to the seat seams and on the canvas. ACCESSORIES:
hole. Make some trial fittings using Maskol The headlights and the spotlight can be - Tool Box, Plus Model
or Micro Liquitape as a temporary fixing, substituted with ‘MV’ lenses. For the lens- ref. 077.
before final glueing. es to be aligned once the headlights have - Beacons lenses, MV products ref. LS
128 (two units).
The door hinges are really fragile and are been glued on, use Blue Tack instead of - Spotlight lens, MV products
easily broken during assembly. If broken, glue (Blue Tack is a sort of blue-gray putty ref. LS 218.
they can be substituted with others made useful when fixing a piece of paper to a FIGURE:
from Evergreen strip. wall and is usually sold in a stationery - Verlinden Productions ref. 907 and a
Hornet head.
The mudguards are surrounded by a store).

31
INTERNET skoda ING: skoda ING 02/05/13 8:26 Página 32

The lateral reinforcements on the footrest were made

from photo-etched brass, these have to be carefully
curved. The tool clamps are Aber items.

The flanges around the edge of the mudguards was

simulated using nylon wire. This material was first glued
using superglue and with the inside later reinforced using
bigger drops of super glue.

The doorknobs were made from copper wire, while

the crossbar was made from galvanized wir e. The
dashboard will be glued at the end, after painting. The stairs were
built from
plastic rod,
textured with
liquid glue and a
hard bristle
paintbrush. The
balustrade is
from Historex.

The curb was made from an

Evergreen curved strip,
some copper wire curved
rods were inserted.

32
INTERNET skoda ING: skoda ING 02/05/13 8:26 Página 33

The gravel and grass are both from

Aneste, the bushes are groups of
branches. I glued a little sawdust
The staircase was using white glue, the ivy is a
painted white and photo-etched part
then lightly dirtied (EuroModelismo number 6).
using gray and beige.
Finally, I applied raw
umber and burnt
Sienna oils washes
and a dry-brush of
ivory enamel.

The interior door handles should be wished, new dials made from acetate can Humbrol gloss varnish is excellent for
changed and new ones made from copper be substituted (these can be from the gluing the window frames, as it does not
wire and plastic fitted instead. The dash- spares box and cut out using a punch & bleach the acetate, while giving enough
board clock should be painted white. If die set). adhesion and make any faults invisible.

C O L O R S C H A R T
TAMIYA (acrylics) 872 chocolate brown HUMBROL (enamels) 45 raw umber
X-22 gloss varnish 877 golden brown 41 ivory 48 burnt Sienna
XF-8 mat blue 882 stone yellow 63 mat sand
XF-19 sky gray 890 heat-resistant green 72 khaki drill HOLBEIN (inks)
XF-57 buff 950 black 121 light stone Black
XF-63 German gray 951 white Sepia
977 desert yellow MIR (oil paints)
MODEL COLOR (acrylics) 994 dark gray 1 Titanium white DUPLI-COLOR
510 gloss varnish 25 permanent green (primer enamel)
818 red leather ARTE DECO (acrylics) 31 dark red 022 gray
830 German green AD 103 cold neutral shade 39 ivory black
860 medium flesh 41 yellow ochre
INTERNET skoda ING: skoda ING 02/05/13 8:26 Página 34

The figure’s skintone was achieved with a mixture of red,

yellow, black and white oil paints. The shirt color was
mixture of cold neutral shade and white and I then added
more white when highlighting. The German green trousers
were highlighted with a cold neutral shade.

buff and matt blue acrylic paints. This mix-

ture was subsequently lightened with a
touch of light gray, which I then airbrushed
as a highlight.
The small chips were made with a fine
brush using dark gray and chocolate brown
acrylics. Then, the panels were filled with a
wash of raw umber oil paint. I used khaki
enamel, 90% diluted, for airbrushing a thin
layer of dust on the parts I intended to get
dirty. Using a brush and Humbrol thinner, I
picked out the water drops on the front

P A I N T I N G The dust is a thin

layer of khaki drill
enamel. I simulated
I was immediately enamored with this water drops by
Kabrio. During assembly, I kept thinking applying some
that I would like to do something different thinner touches
and unique. I couldn’t face the thought of using a wet
paintbrush.
such a beautiful car being dented or cov-
ered in mud. So, I came up with the idea of
showing two completely different faces?
One side shiny and clean, and the other
one weathered through use.
I decided to prepare a small scene, with The MV lenses
a soldier washing a dirty car so that the were fixed inside
two halves could be really different. the headlights with
34 some Blue Tack.
For a satin finish I mixed German gray,
INTERNET skoda ING: skoda ING 02/05/13 8:27 Página 35

and the rear areas, concentrating on just a washes of burnt Sienna oil and then air-
few of these. The dust was made heavier brushed black ink in the joints between the
on the lower areas of the vehicle using seats and the backs.
sand enamel. Finally, the canvas was painted using
To increase the satin finish on the heat-resistant green mixed with yellow
‘clean’ half of the car, I sprayed some furni- stone. For shading, I added greenish gray
ture wax into a box, wet a soft paintbrush and a larger amount of yellow.
and brushed the model’s surface very
carefully. I wish to thank Mr. Jordi Escarré, for his
To simulate the humidity, I airbrushed excellent advice so freely given during the
gloss varnish onto the half the soldier was building of this model.
cleaning. Then, I distributed some diluted
Alkyl (when dry, this product is really
transparent and glossy). I then added more
Alkyl by applying vertical stripes to imitate
water running off the sides. Once dry, I B I B L I O G R A P H Y
made a mixture of sodium bicarbonate,
white acrylic paint and gloss varnish to - SPIELBERGER, Walter J., “Die
obtain a paste to simulate soap foam The water drips were achieved by PanzerKampfwagen 35 (t) und 38
which I then distributed with a very fine using heat-stretched transparent (t)”, Militärfahrzeuge nº11,
plastic sprue and applying several Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990.
brush. Soap drops were next imitated run-
layers of Alkyl. The foam is a mixture
ning from the rear fender. I glued transpar-
of gloss varnish, white paint and
ent heat-stretched plastic sprue and then sodium bicarbonate.
applied several coats of Alkyl and added
foam. The seats were painted with a
I used a mixture of golden brown, red mixture of golden brown, red leather
and black. Cold neutral shade was
leather and black for decorating the seats then added for highlighting. A wash
with a cold neutral shade added for high- of burnt Sienna oil was applied when
lighting. For shading, I first applied general shading.

35
Dumper-ING: Dumper-ING 25/04/13 22:19 Página 40

A
s early as WWI, the U.S. Army vehicles was promoted, and even with a rous initiative (dangerous to the industry),
had employed a good number of certain lack of funding, the U.S. Army in order to simultaneously develop specific
traction trucks such as the “Nash through its “Quartermaster Corps” counted models to wake the interest of the Army.
Quad” or the FWD type B a standard four in the mid thirties with one of the best four In 1938 GMC was developing a 6 wheel
wheel drive, manufactured by at least five wheel drive truck range of the period. drive with an elongated framework with its
different companies. In the postwar period The industry in Detroit exerted pressure popular gas motor of six aligned cilynders
40 investigation and development for such on the government to end with this dange- and market cockpit, named ACKWX-353.
Dumper-ING: Dumper-ING 25/04/13 22:20 Página 41

By: Javier de Luelmo Photographs by: Rodrigo Hernández Cabos

italeri 1/35

So much has already been said about this GMC vehicle, that there is little to add
about this key element of the logistics of the allied forces.

At the same time, the U.S. Army began to (long framework model) and the 352
create a wide range of vehicles capable to (short framework one) along with many
meet all the weight and use needs, farming variations. Those hundred thousand plus
out to diverse companies orders that the units were shipped to the U.S. and allied
companies themselves helped design, for armies. It proved to be a robust and trusty
eventual evaluation by the Army Units. By truck, capable of taking overloads and all
1940-41 to the 6 wheel drive (with a kinds of nasty abuses of warfare undainted.
weight of 2.5 tons) development program
GMC were added the CCKW 353, (an
improvement over the ACKWX-353
A S S E M B L Y
model) Studebaker ,US6 , International, M-
5H-6, REO, and the 23 BHRS (Vehicle unk- The base model is the Italeri GMC open
nown to everyone, up until two years ago cockpit version, model that spite of having
two photographs showed up of it) been around a long time in the market, is
The prototypes were evaluated and still rather accurate in its details, fittings and
though all were satisfactory, the final choi- measures. Although this particular model is
ce fell on the GMC model, branded from no longer found in the catalogue (market)
then on as the “Standard”. Still, some Stu- the italian manufacturer with its policy of
debakers were made for export and “Lend- reissues will not take long in reissuing it
Lease” (with REO as a licensor) and the back again. I made the dumper from
“International” for the U.S. Navy and the scratch, working in several sections: dump-
U.S.M.C.(traditional users of the brand that cart, subframe, pump and hydraulic cylin-
had collaborated directly on the develop- ders, and connections to the motor by
ment of the M-5H-6) were also made. In means of cardan joints.
the GM Yellow Coach Manufactoring Co. The Heil and Gar Wood companies took
factory, mass production began of the 353 charge of the dumpers, and so they are dif-
ferent the one from the other only on the
system that elevates the dumper itself.

Dumper
I chose the Gar Wood version, taking
for the dumper´s base the base of the Ita-
leri´s framework, modifying the crossbar
with sections of Evergreen´s rods and
adding a small box. On this structure I
built the sides, front, load divider and
collapsible cover, with a very thin plastic
plate, then added the Evergreen rods softe-
ning their profiles with sandpaper as verti-

Subframe of the Gar Wood Dumper,

the paint “peel-offs” are done with a
brush with a greyish wooden color. 41
Dumper-ING: Dumper-ING 25/04/13 22:20 Página 42

Cylinder and connections to

the dumper, the metallic look
is graphite dust rubbed with
bare fingers.
On the wheels black enamel
was used, mixed with a little
brown, all dirtied up with
airbrush washes.

On the edges, all kinds of

oxides have been created,
using clear tones for the newer
scratches.

cal structures for added sup- built the brake drives,

port. backlights and the spa-
I did the upper edges of re tire support. On the
the side plates with two front part of the truck I
thin square rods putting in redone the grating of
between a thicker one to the front lights with
make the edges where the brass rods. Then I put
canvas supports go, doing plaited cable of “Mini-
the hooks for the canvas Meca” in the lathe,
with strips of brass. that had previously
The frontal divider and been red heated to lose
the collapsible cover are temper, then added a
made of thin plastic plate, brass chain on its
treated with thick sandpaper extremity.
enough, so it resembles clo-
sely the texture of wood. Then with a scrib- and easy to slide through the tube wit- P A I N T I N G
ber I marked the separate pieces of timber, hout a problem, leaving the dumper
adding Evergreen rods and Grandt Line moveable. On its tip there is a “T” shaped
screws thus finishing the detail on the piece. piece hooked onto two triangles with their For a long time I´d been wanting to do
pivoting straps under the dumper, all of it a GMC Dumper with a different finish than
Subframe made with a plasic tube and a plastic pla- the regular olive drab finish.
It´s made of two posts (wooden and te. The pump is a thick section of Evergre- Watching pictures of other trucks and a
metal ones in the real truck) mounted over en, conveniently sculpted. documentary of the war in the Pacific, I
the frame of the truck and kept ensemble saw several grey ones with a communica-
by three crossbars. The wooden posts Connections tions “Shelter K53” thus giving me the idea
underwent the same treatment that I´ve Out of the pump come the two cardan for a grey Marines truck.
mentined before, then divided them in joints that join the force intake by the The paintwork corresponds with an
three sections making the needed drills to truck´s motor, done with plastic rods, gears undetermined battalion of the “Seabees”
join them with the metallic ones. Along the from our archives, and an alluminun plate, (CBs, Construction Battalions) of the U.S.
division of the sections there are pins hol- done with a beer can. To finish off this sec- Navy in some corner of the Pacific towards
ding the structure to the frame, made with tion, I made the controls for working the 1944. As I´ve mentioned before, the Navy
brass rods, plastic, and Grandt Line screws. pump with brass rods running parallel from used as a standard truck the “International
the cardan joints to the cockpit. M-5H-6” but with a growing demand the
Cylinder and hydraulic pump
The star and register numbers are
The cylinder is an Evergreen tube put- General details transfers. Dust on the windshield is
ting in its hole a used drill conveniently Over the model´s original framework I highly diluted paint, distributed
42
shortened, suitable for its metallic look detailed the “Hydrovac” pump brake, and carefully with a brush.
Dumper-ING: Dumper-ING 25/04/13 22:20 Página 43

Navy eventually accepted a certain number of GMC´s

from the Army. However, this dumper isn´t the most COLORS CHART
common version because the Army used mainly the
TAMIYA (acrylics) 86 flat clear olive
short framework version (352) with both open and
XF-1 flat black 99 flat yellow
closed cockpits. Some trucks were given new paint- XF-2 flat white 110 flat wood color
work with a clear grey hue, and some remained with XF-23 light blue 113 flat oxide
the original paintwork, and some even had the three XF-57 elkskin color 150 flat forest green
XF-58 olive green 27003 polished iron (metalcote)
color scheme (Olive, sand and dark brown) so com-
XF-62 olive drab HOLBEIN (inks)
mon in the U.S. Marine Corps. XF-66 clear grey Black
Mi method of work, could be labeled as chaotic, I HUMBROL (enamels) Sienna
seldom use the paint as it comes out of the can, 11 silver Grey
29 flat sand (dark) MICROSCALE (varnish)
almost always mixing it with one or two other colors
33 flat black 6403 Flat varnish
in order to get different tones or to get close to my 34 flat white TITAN (oil paints)
idea of the correct base color. 35 gloss varnish 82 ivory black
I´m talking about tones and colors and not of color 60 flat scarlet red
references, because I may combine three different gre-
ens and a brown as base color, mixed aproximatively
in my airbrush deposit not being too mindful of the proportions.
Anyway, the base for this model should be a clear acrylic grey,
toned down with slight tinges of other greys, with small touches of
white, blue and clear green airbrushing all of it. To do it right the
paint should be quite diluted, working on defined areas, insisting
perhaps in some areas more than others.
To convey the wear I airbrushed first some transparencies
of brownish olive, adding on top of them different tones of
green enamel with a brush wetted on turpentine.
The shading was airbrushed with grey colored tints,
Sienna and black quite dissolved on Tamiya acrylic
paint diluter.
The scratches and peel offs were done with gre-
en enamels over the metal parts, and with grey
tones over the wooden parts.
For the oxidized parts I mixed in dif-
ferent proportions of black, red and
yellow enamels depending wether the
scratch was a recent one or not.

43
Dumper-ING: Dumper-ING 25/04/13 22:20 Página 44

Later I covered some scratches and oxi- a cloth impregnated with toothpaste. Then cate it to the memory of Bart Vanderveen,
dized parts with the grey Navy color, to I airbrushed the oxide enamels wearing editor of “Wheels & Tracks”.
simulate repairs. them all conveniently with a brush same as The author wishes to thank the following
In the front part of the dumper I applied I did for the exterior. individuals and institutions for their graphic
oxide color first, to cover it later with layers The lower parts and lower area of the and written documents that have been inva-
of green and grey, wearing it all off sprin- walls of the dumper were treated with luable for the making of this project:
kling alcohol with the airbrush. The final “MetalCote” iron color, dissolved in tur- Angel del Peso, Eduardo Campuzano,
effect is rather convincing, although you´re pentine, to later polish it with a cloth ELET Directives and Jan Bruman.

running the risk of ruining the first layer of about half an hour later. I concluded with a
paint, if you don´t do it carefully. few veiled tints with the airbrush, insisting
The interior of the dumper is an area on the areas with small crevices in them. BIBLIOGRAPHY
After putting the star and the serial
numbers (Verlinden Productions Trans- – WAR DEPARTMENT, TM9-801 (origi-
nal instructions manual for operating
fers), I varnished all with a flat varnish, the vehicle), Washington, julio 1944.
MATERIALS CHART using water as a diluter. – VANDERVEEN, Bart, “GMC” in Wheels
To convey dust I airbrushed XF-57 color & Tracks insue number 64, After the
MODEL: battle, Londres, 1998.
highly diluted on alcohol (the alcohol used
– Cargo Truck GMC 6x6 2 1/2 TON, – BONIFACE y JEUDY, GMC, a universal
Italeri ref.205, scala 1/35. for burning on lamps), insisting particularly
truck, Haynes-EPA, París, 1990.
DUMpER: on the lower parts. Complementing this – BONIFACE y JEUDY, US Army vehicles
– “Scratch” del autor. with a few strokes of pastel dust of the of World War Two, Haynes-EPA, París,
ACCESSORIES: same color, in the areas with crevices. 1991.
– Cable for manipulating the chains, Finally I applied with my fingers a little – BONIFACE y JEUDY, Les vehicules mili-
MiniMeca ref.3523. taires américains 1939-1945, EPA, París,
graphite dust to simulate in certain areas
1995.
the effect of polished metal. With a thin – KORÁN, Frantisek and MOSTEK, Jan,
brush some grease stains were added, GMC 352-353, WWP, Praga, 1997.
using for this a mixture of black oil paint – W. CRISMON, Fred, US Military
normally subject to wear because of the and glossy varnish. wheeled vehicles, Crest Line, Osceola,
EE.UU., 1983.
materials that may be transported in it. To I must say that this has been a project I
convey this effect I ran several times a wet worked on using and testing new techni-
44 thin grain sandpaper, polishing it later with ques and materials, and would like to dedi-
Dumper-ING: Dumper-ING 25/04/13 22:20 Página 45

Photographs by: Ángel del Peso & Eduardo Campuzano

G R A p H I C C R E D I T S

This closed cockpit GMC “non military” type is the model with an elongated frame CCKW353.

The GMC´s saw active service in many countries. The support for holding tools placed on the left hand side, was a
Spanish addition during the vehicle´s use in this army.
45
Dumper-ING: Dumper-ING 25/04/13 22:20 Página 46

The radiator grill was

designed to be disassembled
with great speed to speed up
repairs. Its shape allows for
great cooling.

The total weight of

this truck is 5103 kg.,
with a loading
capacity of 2427 kg.

46
colores_PANZER-NuevoING:Publi-acrilicos 03/08/10 12:59 Página 1

Panzer aces color set

FINISHING COLOURS EXCLUSIVES

Sixteen colours for the perfect

brush finishing of all the basic
details of any AFV: tracks,
wood, periscopes, stencils or tail
lights, some of them with diffe-
rent shades for highlighting.
Basic colours to achieve the finis-
hing painting without mixing and
full mixables with other acrylic
paints if you are interested in a
variation.

SET 1 SET 2
301 light rust 309 periscopes
302 dark rust 310 weathered wood
303 yellowish rust 311 new wood
304 tracks' primer 312 leather belt
305 light rubber 313 stencil
306 dark rubber 314 canvas
307 red tail light 315 light mud
308 green tail light 316 dark mud

www.euromodelismo.com • www.acrylicosvallejo.com
Pz-Kpfw-ING:Pz-Kpfw-ING 25/04/13 22:52 Página 48

By: Cristóbal Vergara Durán & J. C. Cabos Gómez Photographs by: Carlos Salvador Gómez

ironside 1/35

The Pz.Kpfw II (Flammpanzer), armored flame-thrower, made its

combat debut at the start of operation ‘Barbarossa’ in June 1941,
the invasion of Russia.

hey were organized into two The first battalion was attached to the (F) (French tanks B1 bis converted to
Panzerflammabteilung or armored 18 Pz.Div., with the second attached to the flame-throwers) at its disposal and five
flame-thrower battalions; Pz.Abt. 17 Pz.Div. After the extremely fierce battles Pz.Kpfw. B1 (f) (French tanks B1 Bis) dis-
(F) 100 and Pz.Abt. (F) 101, each one between July and November 1941, they tributed in two companies. This battalion
composed of three companies. were retired to become only armored bat- was retired by the end of June 1941 to be
Each battalion was made up of forty-two talions. reorganized according to the specifications.
flame-thrower tanks, twenty-five light tanks, There was another battalion, the In 1943, sixty Pz.Kpfw. B2 were
48 five medium tanks, and a command tank. Pz.Abt. (F) 102 that had 24 Pz.Kpfw. B2 equipped with new flame-throwers with
Pz-Kpfw-ING:Pz-Kpfw-ING 25/04/13 22:52 Página 49

The white metal etc, and was then subsequently ignited by

parts, like the a burning jet.
drive sprockets, For a total effectiveness, the Flamm-
were polished
using a piece of panzer had to operate in small groups with
scourer. The infantry support, protected by the antitank
resin parts are of guns or by other AFVs. When fighting
high-quality, but opposing tanks, their only chance of sur-
a few air holes vival was to either set fire to the engine or
had to be filled
fill the vision slots with fire.
with putty.
They were most effective when attack-
ing at night as the extreme light from the
flames caused errors of judgement among
the enemy artillery.
That said, the use of these flame-throw-
ers by the Germans was of little or no
propelling pumps (FI). These armored vehicles were
delivered to different units on the Eastern Front and also
to Yugoslavia and Italy.
This flame-thrower was mounted on a hundred
Panzer IIIs to create the Pz.Kpfw. III (Fl), and also on a
large number of Sd.Kfz. 251/16 half-tracks and a number
of Hetzers (Flammpanzer 38).
Although the crews were not really enamored with
this armored vehicle mainly due to the attention it drew
from the enemy when firing its flame thrower, the use of
Flammpanzers became popular once the Russians began
using their own flame-throwers tanks.
The gun had a maximum range of sixty meters and
The turret is a solid block. Because of
was very useful in the support role when attacking
this, no crew figure can be
entrenched fortified infantry in combat situations in placed in it.
forests or urban areas. The target was usually liberally
sprayed with fuel, which then seeped into the trenches

49
Pz-Kpfw-ING:Pz-Kpfw-ING 25/04/13 22:52 Página 50

importance during World War II.

A S S E M B L Y
This is a very complete model, well
detailed and easy to assemble. Some plas-
tic, resin and white metal items are includ-
ed in the kit. The kit contains injected plas-
tic tracks with individual links, a
photo-etched brass sheet including the

The tracks and the plastic

injected wheels were
The brass flame-thrower supports are
produced by Model
really delicate so bend them with
Kasten.
utmost care.

The kit includes hooks,

reinforcements, and
shields on a photo-etch
flame-thrower supports, the shield for the sheet. These parts must
exhaust pipe and a set of small parts. be glued with superglue.

MATERIAL CHART
ModEL: This kit can be assembled quite easily. throwers cut from a 0.25mm plastic sheet,
- Flammpanzer II (Sd.Kfz. 122), Ironside Only two stirrups made from copper wire a metal box, a wooden box (spares box), a
ref. IR 001, scale 1/35. needed to be added to both sides of the flame-thrower rear box from an Italeri’s
ACCEssoRIEs: hull. There are some other elements added Pz.Kpfw. I, the support for the spare track
- Mooring Cable, Reproducciones SOJA
for completing this model in scale: two section made from brass strip, and a saw
50 ref. SJ 01.
armored plates for protecting the flame- made of plastic and photo-etched parts.
Pz-Kpfw-ING:Pz-Kpfw-ING 25/04/13 22:52 Página 51

dusted by airbrushing a mixture of matt All high points on the model were high-
P A I N T I N G earth and desert yellow. Some touches of lighted by airbrushing a lighter color
The base color Dunkelgrau RAL 7021 is ochre, dark brown and earth paints can be around the edges. The ochre acrylic paint is
a mixture of acrylic paints, 70% German applied to the wheels to simulate mud used on the dirty, muddy areas.
Gray, 10% Field Blue and 20% Light Gray. spots. Wait a couple of days for the paint to
Three thin layers of this mix were applied Next, the joints and the grooves are be totally dry and then paint the numbers,
with an airbrush. highlighted by airbrushing with highly crosses and squares. All the emblems are
The general shade can be lightened if diluted black paint. As some grooves are drawn onto transparent graph-paper. Then,
covered partially with light gray concentrat- almost inaccessible, this job can be using a razor blade, the crosses are cut
ing mainly in the center of the armored enhanced by retouching with a No. 1 fine using a metal ruler. The numbers and cir-
plates. The lower areas are subsequently brush. cles were hand made using a template for
drawing curved lines.
Next, each mask is fixed to the relevant
Fame-thrower
protector’s sides part of the model and the emblems are
1/35 painted white and red. As the numbers are
painted on the turret and over three vision
ports, the masks cannot be correctly posi-
tioned. These must be retouched using a
fine brush.
The model has been previously weath-
ered, so the insignia must integrated into
the surrounding area by airbrushing with a
little highly diluted earth color.
Finally, paint some rust chips using a
mixture of reddish brown and black acrylic
paints, then add some metal scratches
using a mixture of matt black and silver
Measures in millimeters enamels.
LEFT sIdE RIGHT sIdE

51
Pz-Kpfw-ING:Pz-Kpfw-ING 25/04/13 22:52 Página 52

The mud ‘smudges’ can be simulated

by applying some touches with a
brush after painting and highlighting
the base color. These touches can be
applied on the wheels and hull using
ochre, dark brown and earth.

once the details have been profiled

with black, the edges can be
highlighted by dry-brushing with
medium gray on the upper part of the
model. The ochre color is applied to
the lower part and to the wheels.

CoLoR CHART
TAMIYA (acrylics)
XF-1 flat black
XF-2 flat white
XF-7 flat red
XF-10 flat brown
XF-50 Field blue
XF-52 flat earth
XF-59 desert yellow
XF-63 German gray
XF-66 light gray
ANdREA CoLoR (acrylics)
AC-6 mat yellow
AC-15 ochre
AC-17 dark brown
AC-18 reddish brown
AC-26 flat black
AC-40 earth
The numbers have been retouched
AC-45 gloss varnish using a very fine brush.

HUMBRoL (enamels)
11 silver
33 mat black
145 mat medium gray

Applying the mask onto the viewing

ports is very difficult.

The masking tape concentric circles

were carefully cut with a new
do not flood the area or the paint
blade.
could seep under the mask.

If the masking tape rims

are glued to surface of
the model while
airbrushing white paint,
no further retouching
will be necessary.

52
Pz-Kpfw-ING:Pz-Kpfw-ING 25/04/13 22:52 Página 53

Apply the matt

brown base color
onto the tracks,
then apply several
coats of washes
using ochre, earth,
reddish brown and
black acrylics. The
polished steel has The saw blade is painted with a
been simulated by mixture of silver and black.
dry-brushing a
mixture of silver
and black.
BIBLIoGRAPHY
- JENTZ, Tom, DOYLE, Hilary &
SARSON, Peter, "Flammpanzer,
German flamethrowers
1941-1945", New Vanguard
nº 15, Osprey Publishing Ltd.,
London, 1995.

In order to simulate the

dust and dirt, airbrush highly
diluted matt earth color to the
lower part of the turret.

The wooden box was painted an

earth base color. Then, add some dark
brown and black washes followed by
a soft dry brushing with an ochre
shade.

The headlights were first painted

white, and then a little black. The
touches are applied vertically.
Finally, apply a coat of gloss varnish. The chips are painted with a mixture
The towing cable has been weathered of black and reddish brown. Then,
by applying reddish brown washes. several touches of metallic enamel
are necessary.
53
Schwer ING:Schwer ING 25/04/13 22:56 Página 54

By: Javier Franco Manzano Photographs made by: Javier Franco Manzano & Elena de las Heras Seguí

italeri 1/35

By the beginning of WWII, the German Army was equipped with a

varied fleet of half-track tractors. The engineering was extremely
complicated and they required both expensive and scarce materials as
well as the need for a highly qualified labour force.

s these facts clashed with the coun- to 8,000 kg. Its maximum on-road speed A total order for 7,484 tractors was
try’s needs during wartime, a num- was 27km/h, was equipped with a 240litre placed, but production never reached that
ber of simpler, cheaper vehicles fuel tank which gave it an on-road range of number even by the end of the war.
were designed later. Poorly qualified workers 300km, with an off-road range of 100-km. Three different versions were developed
(most of them were, in fact, forced labour) This vehicle was designed to replace a on the SWS chassis. The first one was
on the assembly lines were able to assemble number of other vehicles. For example, the equipped with an armored cockpit and a
these new vehicles. These included, among Maultier which had a severely limited rear open platform. On the platform was
others, the low-speed tractor ‘Schwere capacity and a track width which could not mounted the 3.7cm Flak 43 AA gun. The
Wehrmachtschlepper’, known as ‘SWS’. cope with the extreme weather conditions second one had a completely armoured load
Powered by a Maybach 4.198 cubic cm, experienced on the Russian front. Unfortu- compartment and cockpit, and was further
6 cylinder in-line engine, it reached a maxi- nately, by the time the initial five SWS’s equipped with a 15cm Panzerwerfer-42
mum 100hp at 3,000 rpm, and was able to were delivered in December 1943, it was rocket launcher on the roof. This was
carry a top weight of 4,000 kg and tow up already too late. extremely useful for replacing the same type
Schwer ING:Schwer ING 25/04/13 22:56 Página 55

of assembly on the Maultier. Finally, 175 missing or poorly reproduced. For example, The hood hinges were also replaced
non-armored units were produced specifical- the cabin has insufficient detail, including with Aber parts. The mudguard poles were
ly for transport purposes. This was equipped the driver’s seat. In addition, several parts discarded and replaced with Jordi Rubio
with a wooden load compartment and an are over scale, like the fastenings, tools items, thinner and better detailed. Finally, it
open cockpit. It is this late version which and hinges. was decided to mount the model on
will be the focus of our attention. In the kit, the torsion rods are not Friulmodellismo tracks which, although
Today, there is only one restored SWS included so they were added with the use expensive, are really first class.
and it resides in the Dresden Army Museum. of Evergreen tubing while assembling the The load was composed of some Velin-
Also, photographic reference showing this chassis. As it is intended to reproduce the den parts, a pair of Italeri acetylene canis-
vehicle under combat conditions are very model as photographed in 1945 in Farnbor- ters, a canvas cut from a piece of stained
rare. ough, and to make a practible load com- sheet and some loose track links left over
partment box, this work is absolutely nec- from a Tiger I kit.
essary.
A S S E M B L Y
The cabin interior has been detailed
The 1/35 scale kit of the SWS, produced with scratch-built parts and Eduard photo- P A I N T I N G
by Italeri, fits the bill nicely. In fact, the kit etch, rebuilding the dashboard, the non-
is unique as no other manufacturer pro- slip flooring, pedals, and so on. The monochrome scheme is not as bor-
duces a SWS for commercial sale. Consid- The hooks for fixing the canvas tilt were ing as it first appears. The German dark yel-
ering the high quality of the kit, its price is replaced by Aber brass photo-etched parts. low allows the modeler to reproduce a
extremely good value when one considers The load compartment fastenings were great range of effects like dust, rust spots,
the price one has to pay for kits of similar replaced with Eduard parts and Mini Meca and, of course, mud…
quality from other manufacturers. The parts metal tubing. A carbon disc mounted in a Begin by airbrushing the base color
are easily assembled, while the scale mea- mini-drill was used to cut the tubing using dark yellow mixed with buff and
surements and general looks are spot on. which, in turn, was held rigid in a clock- matt yellow. Next, apply two or three high-
However, there are a number of details makers clamp. lights by adding more buff to the base mix-
Schwer ING:Schwer ING 25/04/13 22:56 Página 56

The white metal Friulmodellismo tracks and a set

of drive sprockets. General View.

The cabin interior was been detailed using Eduard

photo-etch parts and parts made from
Evergreen strip and rods.

The over scale hinges were replaced

with Aber parts.

ture and accentuating mainly the center of the plates and around
the edges. Then, using dark yellow mixed with a little brown,
darken the panel lines, etc. I always use Tamiya acrylics when
using my airbrush, usually a mixture of 30% acrylic paint and 70%
isopropillic alcohol.
For the washes, I decided to use brushes and prepared a mix of
ochre and brown oil paint. These were diluted using Talens’ Odor-
less White Spirit thinner. This product is very similar to the Hum-
brol thinner being odorless and fast drying and leaving no trace of
56
shine or rings.
Schwer ING:Schwer ING 25/04/13 22:57 Página 57

MATERIALS CHART
MODEL:
– SWS Cargo Halftrack, Italeri ref. 360, escala 1/35.
PHOTO-ETCHING:
– SWS, Eduard ref. 35265.
– Articulated hinges, Aber ref. 35A25.
– Handle, Aber ref. 35A59.
TRACks:
– SWS, Friulmodel ref. ATL-44.
ACCEssORIEs:
– Military Cargo German WWII, Verlinden Productions ref. 1693.
– Headlights lenses, MV Products ref. LS 136 (two units).
– Mudguard poles, Jordi Rubio ref. AC 01.
– Field Tool Shop, Italeri ref. 419.
The box fastening was replaced with metal tubing
and photo-etched parts.

Two or three washes were applied using mixture of red and black was drybrushed ing for the ‘dusting’ to dry. Prepare a mix-
this mix. Each coat must be completely dry around the edges to give a chipped and ture of Model Color black and red acrylics
to ensure that the correct shade has been polished appearance. and apply these with a fine-point brush for
achieved. This helps to unify both the high- ‘Dust’ the whole model with oil paint, the small chips. For the larger chips, use a
lights and the shadows as it is intended applying the same technique explained in piece of foam rubber especially around
that these must appear really subtle. previous articles. For simulating the old, the entrance to the cabin. The foam rub-
The vehicle registration number decal dirty wood, accentuate the area using dark ber must be soaked with a minimum
was applied and correctly positioned using shades like raw umber, burnt umber, even quantity of paint and then dried on a piece
Micro Set and Micro Sol liquids for a perfect black. The ‘dusting’ can be used as much of rag if necessary before being used as a
finish. as needed but each coat must be absolutely stamp. If controlled, the results using this
Next, a wash of Model Color cork dry before applying the next one. technique can be very realistic but it does
brown was applied on the non-slip cabin Begin painting some paint chips over require a lot of practice. The paint chips
floor to simulate a dusty, dirty look. Then, a the whole surface of the model while wait- are then integrated with the whole model

57
Schwer ING:Schwer ING 25/04/13 22:57 Página 58

COLOR CHART
(vehicle)

TAMIYA (acrylics)
XF-1 mat black
XF-2 mat white
XF-3 mat yellow
XF-10 mat brown
XF-57 buff
XF-60 dark yellow
XF-64 chestnut red
MODEL COLOR (acrylics)
843 cork brown
950 black
951 white
957 mat red
TITAN (oil paints)
74 raw umber
76 Titan brown
78 burnt umber
80 asphalt
82 ivory black
90 raw Sienna
92 reddish yellow ochre
94 transparent gold ochre
MIG PRODUCTIONs (pigments)
P023 black smoke
P024 light rust
P025 standard rust
P027 light dust
P028 European dust

with a ‘dusting’ of paint. After, lightly the hood on both sides. This is done The covering of dust has been
powder the surface using Tamiya’s buff using the same color but adding water to simulated by airbrushing buff color.
acrylic paint, diluted with isopropilic alco- the mixture. An accurately cut adhesive mask is
placed on the wiper swept areas of
hol. Airbrush this color concentrating The lower areas are given a coating of
the windscreen.
mainly on the lower areas. The wind- mud using Mig Productions pigments.
screen is also ‘dusted’ (the hemispheric These consist of fine dust (very similar to eliminates the need for modelers to make
areas swept by the windshield wipers hav- pulverised watercolor crayon). They are not their own mixtures.
ing previously been masked). Then, since actually new pigments as they can usually Start by distributing, with a brush, a
I like simulating dust washed away by be bought in fine art shops. However, Mig mixture of European dust, light dust and
rain, washes were applied passing a paint- Productions supply a range of colors really enamel thinner on the low areas and on
brush down the windscreen, and across suitable for scale military vehicles, which the wheels. Then, imitate spots of mud by

MV lenses for the headlights are placed in position to give The chipped paint has been simulated using both a fine
58
the model even greater realism. paintbrush and a piece of foam rubber.
Schwer ING:Schwer ING 25/04/13 22:57 Página 59

placing the wet paintbrush 1-2cm away

C O L O R C H A R T ( c h a r g e )
from the model and with the airbrush blow
TAMIYA (acrylics) TAMIYA (felt-tip pen) TITAN (oil paints) air, with minimum pressure, across the
XF-2 mat white XF-56 metallic gray 80 asphalt bristles. This will result in small particles
XF-10 mat brown 90 raw Sienna being blown onto the model to make very
XF-16 mat aluminum MODEL COLOR (acrylics) realistic mud spots. Finally, mix the same
XF-23 light blue 950 black colors, but this time using water as a medi-
XF-55 cinnamon 951 white
um, and apply washes onto the track sur-
XF-58 olive green 957 red
faces previously painted with Tamiya’s
chestnut red. Finish by applying graphite
dust onto the polished areas with a paint-
brush.
Also, apply rust color pigments onto
the exhaust pipe muffler. Black pigment
was used to simulate soot.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
– VANDERVEEN, Bart, “SWS”, Wheels &
Tracks nº 21, (1987), After the Battle,
London, pp 14-19.
– VEGA MARTÍN, Enrique, “SWS &
Panzerwerfer 42”, Euromodelismo nº 98
(September 2000), Acción Press, Madrid,
pages 18-22.
– GARCÍA GÁZQUEZ, Joaquín, "ZIS-5 ¿How to
paint a jerry can?" Euromodelismo nº116
The oil spots on the jerry cans were imitated using asphalt and raw umber oil (March 2002), Acción Press, Madrid, p 43.
paint. The metal scratches were achieved with a graphite pencil.

The mud is
a mixture
of European
dust, light
dust
pigments
and enamel
thinner.

59
AULA MOD. ING:AULA MOD. ING 25/04/13 22:34 Página 60

By: Carlos de Diego Vaquerizo

MODELING SEMINARS

Compressors
We will make a further study on tools and techniques used in model
making. The first article is on air-propellant systems.

here are several propellant sys- When the air in the tank is used, the pres-
tems: pedal pumps, bin or com- sure in the tank drops, which automatically
pressed air cylinders, diaphragm restarts the motor to refill the tank.
compressors or direct compressors and All modelers require a good tank com-
tank compressors. pressor. Although there is a wide range of
In this article, we will focus on the compressors on the market, the modeler
study of the tank compressors, as they are should always take into consideration the
really the most versatile and give the best tank capacity.
Modellers usually work with a pressure
between 0.5 – 2.00 bars. During a painting
session, air is constantly required, so it is
recommended to buy a compressor with a
large tank capacity. By doing so, the motor
will not constantly be in use and liable to
overheating and it will last a whole lot
Quiet compressor with a 6-bar
longer. capacity FLAT 20A tank.
Nowadays, most modern compressors
are both portable and quiet. In addition, Accessories
they are equipped with non-return valves Supplied with the compressor are usual-
to prevent the air returning to the pumping ly a range of accessories. If the manufactur-
system. They also have safety valves for er has not included them with the packag-
releasing excess air from the tank if there is ing, they will have to be purchased
a pressure buildup. separately as they are absolutely necessary.

The same compressor with no

framework.

performance. The airflow is constant, with

no fluctuation or pressure failure.
The 6-bar
Tank compressors capacity classic
The compressor itself is basically a 20A by Aero Pro
motor which draws in the air and feeds it is really quiet.
The framework
into a reservoir tank. Once the tank is full,
has been
60 the engine automatically switches off. dismantled.
AULA MOD. ING:AULA MOD. ING 25/04/13 22:34 Página 61

A very quiet 8-bar capacity SA 50D.

A 10-bar capacity AS 50ª. This has

excellent performance.

The device for adjusting the pressure

level. This device can be locked by
pressing downward.

The pressure-regulator gauge is essential First, make sure to check the oil level peri-
for controlling and adjusting the pressure odically, refill the reservoir if necessary and
during the painting session. renew the oil once a year. Always follow the
manufacturers servicing instructions.
It is also necessary to drain the tank
There are connectors to allow two, once a week. Empty the condensed water
three or even more airbrushes to be con- accumulated in the tank which will, in
nected to allow several users to work turn, prevent the metal parts inside the
simultaneously (obviously, the compressor tank from rusting through. Switch off and
must also be equipped with a greater disconnect the motor, empty the air tank,
capacity tank). unscrew the drain plug in the bottom of
There are different types of hose, the tank and wait for the water and any oil
dependent on the material used by the to drain out. Replace the drain plug.
manufacturer as well as on the diameter. The anti-condensation filter housing
Some are made of plaited rubber which are must be cleaned periodically. If the com-
more resistant and durable than the ones pressor is in daily use, the filter and hous-
made of plastic. They are supplied in stan- ing must be changed once a year.
dard lengths, the longest being 120cm When the compressor is idle for any
which can be really useful if it intended to length of time, the tank must be complete-
place the whole unit under the table. ly drained.
Check for air leaks and cover the con-
necting screws with Teflon® masking
The bayonet device is the most tape.
useful, it only needs to be pressed in
and pulled out.

The filter and water trap is also essential

for avoiding the intake of impurities and
condensed water that could get trapped in There are several connectors for one,
two or more airbrushes. Three people
the hose and in the airbrush. can work simultaneously.
The connector hose between the com-
pressor and airbrush is also a very impor-
tant element. Some have a screw-in system Care and maintenance:
Wrapping with Teflon® masking tape
while others have a bayonet system. The Taking care of a compressor is really is necessary to avoid any air
latter are much more useful. There are also quite simple and will allow it to give faith- filtration.
61
many different diameter adaptors. ful service for many years.
AULA MOD. ING:AULA MOD. ING 25/04/13 22:34 Página 62

The lubricant oil

level in the motor
must be checked
periodically.

For renewing the

oil, follow the
manufacturer
instructions. The
oil must be
inserted in the air
intake tube.

Once a week, drain the tank to avoid

rust forming in the interior due to
water condensation.

The air intake tube needs to be

cleaned periodically. Impurities
accumulate on the interior walls.
A new filter can be cut from a sponge
or from foam rubber.

The drain plug of the Classic 20A is

underneath. It’s a bit inconvenient.

To change the filter, unscrew the

transparent housing.

The water droplets accumulated in

the anti-humidity filter can be
expelled by pressing the lower piston
which allows air pressure to eject the The filter can be removed once the
fluid. plastic parts have been dismantled.
62
43 Colores nuevosING_IN Suscrip. pág. 49 18/06/12 15:26 Página 36

COLORS OF
All

N E W CAMOUFLAGE FOR PAINTING

THE GERMAN UNIFORMS

Vignette painted by Jose Manuel Flores

Price
32€
for subscribers

Camouflage patterns
29€
(Shipment not included)

Oak-Leaf Pattern Plane Tree Pattern Italian Pattern Pea Pattern

16colors
that match the tones used
in the uniforms of the

waffen ss
You can order at:
Acció n press, s.a.
C/ ezequiel solana, 16
28017 madrid - SPAIN
www.euromodelismo.com
STAFF ING:STAFF ING 25/04/13 23:01 Página 64

Publishing Manager
Rodrigo Hernández Cabos
Editor in Chief
Carlos de Diego Vaquerizo
Computer Graphics
J. David Hernández Chacón
Translated by
Sara Sánchez-Rivas
Corrected by
Charles Davis
Information Collected by
Guillermo Coll Llopis
Ricardo Recio Cardona
Collaborators
Joaquín González García
editorial Cristóbal Vergara Durán,
Joaquín García Gázquez,
Javier Moreno Rodríguez,
Miguel Jiménez Martín,
Manuel Rodríguez Aguilar,
Tony Greenland,
This wonder astonished me. I had never seen such a fine and detailed thing: cables, Mario Eens,
handles, sand sacks, camouflage nets, open hatches that allowed you to see all the Stefano de Paolis,
Andrés M. Bernal Martínez,
inner details, engines, small springs and specially a Pz. Kpfw IV set of trucks with a Javier Redondo Giménez,
hollowed central fluting. These items could be appreciated on two small pictures on Javier de Luelmo, Juan L. Macone,
Gustavo González García,
the side of the box, a Monogran kit in scale 1/32 that featured the British Tank M3. I Enrique Vega Martín,
bought it immediately and I came back home. I was really, really nervous because I Felipe Moreno Medrano,
Antonio Martín Tello,
though I had bought a jewel so I cut the plastic and opened the box. I was very Abilio Piñeiro Grajera,
disappointed, the kit was pretty rough and poorly detailed like the rest of the kits in Jesús Pérez Huélamo,
Aitor Azkue Gracia,
the old times. On the 70’ the technique wasn’t really accurate. This kit was supposed Miguel Pérez Blasco,
to be somehow different than the others, specially because of the words written on José A. Velázquez Encinas.
one side of the box “Tips for building a diorama are included in kit. Materials to build Photographers
Rodrigo Hernández Cabos
the diorama not included”. Magic had disappeared, the reality had beaten me up. Was Rodrigo Hernández Chacón
there a catch?, Did someone fool me? Well…more or less. Elena de las Heras Seguí
Lay Out
There was a wizard who had enchanted me with his tricks. These could be ACCIÓN PRESS, S.A.
summarized in a sheet of paper and in one single picture. This sort of sorcerer was Mr. KOMMAD S.L.
Sheperd Payne. From this moment, I became a diorama’s hobbyist and also a scale Printed by
IBERGRAPHIC 2002
tank-maker. I had assembled so many aircraft but I felt amazed thinking about all the
Scanning
possibilities of building dioramas. I bought these vehicles’ whole collection only ACCIÓN PRESS, S.A.
because of the beautiful pictures, the Assault Tank, the Panzerjäger IV, the José Ignacio Pérez Lozano
Panzerkampfwagen IV… I put the boxes on the shelves but assembled only a few Filmsetting
ACCIÓN PRESS, S.A.
tanks. I was waiting for better times as even if the airbrushes were pretty useful tools VERSAL A.E.
these were really expensive and hard to find. Finally, when I had enough money to Editorial and Technical Staff,
Administration and Advertising
buy this kind of tool, some other modern developed models were in fashion sold by ACCIÓN PRESS, S.A.
Italeri and Tamiya. These were pretty detailed tanks in 1/35 scale. The Monogram’s c/Ezequiel Solana, 16
28017 Madrid
tanks were old-fashioned. Tel.: 913 675 708 - 914 086 135
Nowadays, nothing can surprise us as there are so many different developed high- Fax: 914 085 841
accionpress@euromodelismo.com
tech products in the market (photo-etchings, resin kits, cast trucks, exhaust pipes…).
Subscriptions
Nowadays, everyone is able to do Magic even if a bit repetitive. Nevertheless, there are Andrés Fernández Reyero
some talented and sensitive hobbyists who build marvelous vignettes plenty of Tel. 913 675 708
vehicles and figures (some times using their own scratch-built pieces) and who can Published by
ACCIÓN PRESS, S.A.
give us this kind of magic we felt in the old times when we looked at Sheperd Payne’s
ISSN: 1886-4457
works. The most of us remember this works with a sort of emotion and
acknowledgement. We will try to reflect this spirit in our magazine. This new The reproduction of the images
publication is the result of my 40-year career as a modeler with so many awards, and texts is prohibited, using
any current or future technical
publications, disappointments and joys. medium without written consent
of the author. ACCION PRESS,
S.A. does not necessarily support
its collaborators’ opinions.
64 Rodrigo Hernández Cabos