VSTEP - B1

Speaking
Giảng viên: Nguyễn Thanh Mai
PART 2: Solution Discussion
1 phút chuẩn bị và 3 phút nói

Chuẩn bị 1 phút

Trước khi nói, hãy tìm ý trong 1 phút:

• Chọn nhanh 1 lựa chọn nào mà bản thân cảm thấy dễ nói nhất (chủ đề mà mình có nhiều từ vựng để nói, ko nhất thiết là
cái mình thích)

• Tìm ít nhất 2 lợi ích/ lý do bạn chọn và nhược điểm của 2 lựa chọn còn lại.
Part 2: Cách trả lời

- My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]

- In my opinion, [option ... ] is the best choice because of the following reasons.
Firstly, [option ....] is good and suitable. Besides/ Moreover, it is convenient and useful. [mở
rộng: I can / It helps ...........]

- There are several reasons why I don’t choose other options.

Firstly they are not useful. Moreover, they are inconvenient. [mở rộng I can/ It helps...........]

- In short, [option...] is the best idea.

Part 2: Cách đưa ra lí do
1. Giải thích lí do tại sao chọn phương án nào đó
- (Do sở thích): I really like sth/ Ving -----------------
- ( Do thói quen): I often/ sometimes/ always + V ..................
- (Do độ tuổi): It is suitable for my age
- (Do giá cả): It is cheap/ economical, so I can save a lot of money
- (Lợi ích) : It is good for me/ It brings me some benefits.
- (Miêu tả) It is + adj: It is interesting/ relaxing/useful beneficial/ beautiful/ convenient/ popular/ important/ necessary/
quiet/ peaceful/ fast/ safe/ comfortable....
- (Lợi ích cụ thể): I can............/ It helps me..............
+ I can learn online, listen to music, and play games/ It helps me keep in touch with my friends
+ I can relax after work
+ I can reduce stress
+ I can save time and money to do other things
+ I can enjoy the beauty of the nature
+ I can improve my knowledge/ learn a lot of things
+ I can improve my health/ keep fit/ prevent health problems
Part 2: Cách đưa ra lí do
2. Giải thích lí do không chọn phương án nào đó
- The first option (.......) and the last option (..........) are not suitable for me.
- (Sở thích): I don’t like V-ing.
- (Độ tuổi): it is not suitable for my age/ children
- (Chi phí): it is expensive and not necessary. It wastes a lot of money.
- (Miêu tả): ít is boring/ crowded/ noisy/ polluted and expensive
- (Bất lợi): it is not good for…..
- V (destroy, pollute the air, badly affect our health)
Part 2: Cách trả lời

My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]

In my opinion, [option ... ] is the best choice because of the following reasons.
Firstly, [option ....] is good and suitable. Besides, it is convenient and useful. [ I always like traveling by
plane, and it helps me save a lot of time.]

There are several reasons why I don’t choose other options.

Firstly they are not useful. Moreover, they are inconvenient. [ Going by train is very noisy and not very safe.
Furthermore, I don’t like going by coach because it makes me feel tired.]

In short, [option...] is the best idea.

Part 2: Practice
Situation: Your parents’ wedding anniversary is coming. You and your sister are thinking of giving them a
great present. There are THREE options for you to choose:
- A wedding cake
- A 5-day tour to the beach
- An album of the whole family
Which do you think is the best present for their wedding anniversary?

My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]

- In my opinion, [option ... ] is the best choice because of the following reasons.
Firstly, [option ....] is good and suitable. Moreover, it is convenient and useful. [mở rộng: I can /
It helps ...........]

There are several reasons why I don’t choose other options.

Firstly they are not useful. Moreover, they are inconvenient. [mở rộng I can/ It helps...........]

In short, [option...] is the best idea.

Part 2: Practice
Situation: Your parents’ wedding anniversary is coming. You and your sister are thinking of
giving them a great present. There are THREE options for you to choose:
- A wedding cake
- A 5-day tour to the beach
- An album of the whole family
Which do you think is the best present for their wedding anniversary?

My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]

- In my opinion, the second option (a 5-day tour to the beach) is the best choice for my
parents. Because it is beautiful and romantic. They can swim in the sea, enjoy seafood
and take a lot of photos.
- The first option ( a wedding cake) and the last one (an album of the whole family) are
not suitable for my parents. A wedding cake is cheap but it is too simple and not worth for
the anniversary and I am not good at making an album
- In short, the second option ( a 5-day tour to the beach) is the most suitable choice for
my parents.
Part 2: Practice
Situation: You are considering a birthday present for a friend
- a clothing item
- a book
- a pair of tickets
Which one do you choose?

My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]

- In my opinion, [option ... ] is the best choice because of the following reasons.
Firstly, [option ....] is good and suitable. Besides, it is convenient and useful. [mở rộng: I can / It helps
...........]
There are several/some reasons why I don’t choose other options.
Firstly they are not useful. Moreover, they are inconvenient. [mở rộng I can/ It helps...........]
In short, [option...] is the best idea.
Part 2: Practice
Situation: You are considering a birthday present for a friend
- a clothing item
- a book
- a pair of tickets
Which one do you choose?
Answer:
My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]
- In my opinion, the second option ( a book) is the best choice for her.
- There are some reasons why I choose this option. First, she likes reading books. She often reads books
in her free time. Second, reading books is interesting. It helps her relax after work. Third, reading books is
useful. It is good for her. It brings her some benefits. She can learn a lot of things from books. Fourth, a
book is cheap so I can save a lot of money.
- The first option (a clothing item) and the last one (a pair of tickets) are not suitable for her. They are
expensive so it wastes money. A clothing item is difficult to choose because I don’t know what item she
likes, what her favorite color is, and her size. She doesn’t like noisy places like the cinema.
- In short, the second option (a book) is the most suitable for my friends.
Part 2: Practice
Situation: You have just received a sum of money from your father as a birthday present. How would you
use the money?
There are three options for you to choose:
- To buy a laptop for your study
- To buy a fashionable smart phone
- To save up for future
Explain the option you have chosen
My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]

- In my opinion, [option ... ] is the best choice because of the following reasons.
Firstly, [option ....] is good and suitable. Besides, it is convenient and useful. [mở rộng: I can / It helps
...........]

There are several reasons why I don’t choose other options.

Firstly they are not useful. Moreover, they are inconvenient. [mở rộng I can/ It helps...........]
In short, [option...] is the best idea.
Part 2: Practice
Situation: You have just received a sum of money from your father as a birthday present. How would you use the
money?
There are three options for you to choose:
- To buy a laptop for your study
- To buy a fashionable smart phone
- To save up for future
Explain the option you have chosen
Answer:
My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]
- In my opinion, the first option ( to buy a laptop for your study ) is the best choice for me
- There are some reasons why I choose this option. First, it is important and useful. I can do a lot of things with it. I
can learn online, search for information, send and get emails, watch videos on Youtube. Second, I can relax with
music and games. Third, I can use the laptop to connect my friends
- The second option ( to buy a fashionable smart phone) and the last one ( to save up for future) are not suitable
for me. A fashionable smart phone is expensive and not necessary. Moreover, the money is too small to save up for
the future.
- In short, the first option (to buy a laptop for your study ) is the most suitable for me.
Part 2: Practice
Situation: One of your foreign friends is going to Vietnam for a summer trip. Among the following sites,
which one might be the best destination for your friends: the city center, the countryside, and the
mountainous area?

My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]

- In my opinion, [option ... ] is the best choice because of the following reasons.
Firstly, [option ....] is good and suitable. Besides, it is convenient and useful. [mở rộng: I can / It helps
...........]

There are several reasons why I don’t choose other options.

Firstly they are not useful. Moreover, they are inconvenient. [mở rộng I can/ It helps...........]

In short, [option...] is the best idea.

Part 2: Practice
Situation: One of your foreign friends is going to Vietnam for a summer trip. Among the following sites,
which one might be the best destination for your friends: the city center, the countryside, and the
mountainous area?

Answer:
My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]
- Personally, I believe that the last option ( the mountainous area) is the best choice
- There are some reasons why I choose this option. First, it is beautiful, quiet and peaceful. Second, the air
here is fresh, the weather is cool. The food is delicious, fresh, cheap and healthy. The people are friendly and
kind. They always help other people. Here we can climb the mountain, go sightseeing, visit local people,
breathe fresh air, watch the beauty of nature, enjoy many kinds of fruits and local food, explore the life of
people in mountainous area.
- The first option ( the city centre) and the second one ( the countryside) are not suitable. The city centre is
crowded, noisy, polluted and expensive. There are a lot of traffic jams. And the countryside is boring
- In short, the last option is the best choice for my friend.
Part 2: Practice
Situation: If you won the lottery of 1 billion VND, what would you do with the money?. There are THREE
options for you to choose:
- Buy a new house
- Start a business
- Deposit the money in the bank
Explain the option you have chosen.

My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]

- In my opinion, [option ... ] is the best choice because of the following reasons.
Firstly, [option ....] is good and suitable. Besides, it is convenient and useful. [mở rộng: I can / It helps
...........]

There are several reasons why I don’t choose other options.

Firstly they are not useful. Moreover, they are inconvenient. [mở rộng I can/ It helps...........]

In short, [option...] is the best idea.

Part 2: Practice
Situation: If you won the lottery of 1 billion VND, what would you do with the money?. There are THREE
options for you to choose:
- Buy a new house
- Start a business
- Deposit the money in the bank
Explain the option you have chosen.
Answer:
My situation is [Đọc lại situation, thay thế ngôi hợp lý]
- I think the second option (start a business) is the best choice.
- There are some reasons why I choose this option. First, I really like business. Second, I can earn more
money to support my family
- The first option (buy a new house) and the last one (deposit the money in the bank) are not suitable for
me because I already have a big house. Moreover, I cannot earn much money when I deposit the money in
the bank.
- In short, the second option (start a business) is the most suitable for me.
WRITING ESSAY:
Advantages and
disadvantages
Giảng viên: Nguyễn Thanh Mai
Giới thiệu chung

2/3 tổng số điểm của bài thi viết

Giới thiệu chung
Bố cục của 1 bài luận

I. Mở bài (3 hoặc 4 câu): Template

- Giới thiệu, đặt vấn đề (có template + kết hợp lấy từ đề bài)
- Câu thesis: (nêu bài này sẽ làm gì hoặc đưa ra quan điểm)

II. Thân bài (2-3 đoạn)

Đoạn 1: Câu chủ đề (topic sentence). Các câu triển khai ý
Đoạn 2: Câu chủ đề (topic sentence). Các câu triển khai ý

III. Kết bài: Template

- Nhắc lại những gì đã nói ở mở bài
Các bước làm bài

Bước 1: Đọc kỹ đề
Bước 2: Xác định loại essay
Bước 3: Lên dàn ý
Bước 4: Viết dựa theo template và các ý tưởng đã lên
Bước 5: Kiểm tra số từ, kiểm tra ngữ pháp và chính tả
ESSAY TYPES

1. Advantages and Disadvantages

2. Problem and Solution/ Cause and Solution/ Cause and Effect

3. Opinion (Agree or Disagree)

4. Discuss both views (and give your opinion)

5. Two-part questions
ESSAY TYPES
Advantages and Disadvantages

Liệt kê Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages outweigh Disadvantages

- đưa ra ý kiến
Being a celebrity, such as a famous film star or Being a celebrity, such as a famous film star or sports
sports personality, brings problems as well as personality, brings problems as well as benefits.
benefits.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Do you think the advantages of being a celebrity outweigh
being a celebrity? its disadvantages?
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your opinion
Intro: Thể hiện quan điểm
Body 1: advantages
Body 1: weaker side
Body 2: disadvantages
Body 2: stronger side
Conclusion: Khẳng định quan điểm
 ESSAY TYPES
Advantages outweigh Disadvantages- đưa ra ý kiến
Being a celebrity, such as a famous film star or sports personality, brings problems as well as benefits.

Do you think the advantages of being a celebrity outweigh its disadvantages?

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your opinion
Intro: Thể hiện quan điểm Intro: Thể hiện quan điểm: lợi nhiều hơn hại
Body 1: weaker side Body 1: weaker side (Có một vài điểm hại -> Liệt kê 1 số điểm hại)
Body 2: stronger side Body 2: stronger side (Điểm lợi nhiều hơn -> Liệt kê các điểm lợi)
Conclusion: Khẳng định quan điểm Conclusion: Khẳng định lại quan điểm: lợi nhiều hơn hại

Intro: Thể hiện quan điểm: hại nhiều hơn lợi

Body 1: weaker side (Có một vài điểm lợi -> Liệt kê 1 số điểm lợi)
Body 2: stronger side (Điểm hại nhiều hơn -> Liệt kê các điểm lợi)
Conclusion: Khẳng định lại quan điểm: hại nhiều hơn lợi
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ESSAYS

advantages disadvantages

benefits, drawbacks,,
positive impacts, negative impacts,
upsides downsides,
pros (prospect) cons (consequence)
Template: chỉ liệt kê advantages & disadvantages

Mở bài
In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned about (chủ đề). Some people
believe that this has many advantages. However, others think that it could also have some negative
impacts. This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of such a situation in more detail.

Thân bài
On the one hand, [chủ đề] brings many benefits. The most important one is that [positive opinion/
advantage 1]. .........(lập luận,phát triển ý) ........ Another good point is that [positive opinion/ advantage
2] (lập luận,phát triển ý) ........ Thirdly, [positive opinion/ advantage 3] ..........(lập luận,phát triển ý)

On the other hand, despite its advantages, [chủ đề] has some disadvantages. One of the most significant
drawbacks is that [negative opinion/ disadvantage 1]. .(lập luận,phát triển ý) ........... Another problem is
that [negative opinion/ disadvantage 2] .(lập luận,phát triển ý) ........

Kết bài
In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits and the drawbacks of this issue.
People should take advantage of the pros and minimize the cons.
Template: advantages outweigh disadvantages (lợi nhiều hơn hại)
Mở bài
In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned about (chủ đề). Some people
believe that this has many advantages. However, others think that it could also have some negative
impacts. While there are some disadvantages to this, I am of the opinion that the benefits will likely be
more significant.

Thân bài
On the one hand, [chủ đề] can be seen as negative for a number of reasons. The most important one is
that [disadvantage 1]...... Another negative impact is that [disadvantage 2]........Thirdly, [disadvantage
3] .......

On the other hand, despite its disadvantages, I strongly believe there are more advantages. One of the
most significant benefits is that [advantage 1]...... Another positive impact is that [advantage 2]......
Finally, [advantage 3] .......

Kết bài
In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits and the drawbacks of this issue. I
believe the benefits that result from this are of more importance. People should take advantage of the
pros and minimize the cons.
Template: advantages outweigh disadvantages (hại nhiều hơn lợi)
Mở bài
In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned about (chủ đề). Some people
believe that this has many advantages. However, others think that it could also have some negative
impacts. While there are some advantages to this, I am of the opinion that the drawbacks will likely be
more significant.

Thân bài
On the one hand, [chủ đề] can be seen as positive for a number of reasons. The most important one is
that [advantage 1]...... Another positive impact is that [advantage 2]........Thirdly, [advantage 3] .......

On the other hand, despite its advantages, I strongly believe there are more disadvantages. One of the
most important drawbacks is that [disadvantage 1]...... Another positive impact is that [disadvantage
2]...... Finally, [disadvantage 3] .......

Kết bài
In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits and the drawbacks of this issue. I
believe the consequences that result from this are of more importance. People should take advantage of
the pros and minimize the cons.
Chú ý: Template

Mở bài
Trong những năm gần đây, ngày càng có nhiều người quan tâm đến
In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned about (chủ đề -Noun/ V-ing).
Sau giới từ about + N/ V_ing

In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned that (mệnh đề: S + V....)
Sau that + S + V.... (câu)
Xác định ý tưởng thân bài

Write an essay to an educated reader to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using public transport. Include reasons
and any relevant examples to support your answer.

Template 1. Template 2.
In recent years, an increasing number of people have been In recent years, an increasing number of people have been
concerned about (chủ đề). Some people believe that this concerned about (chủ đề). Some people believe that this
has many advantages. However, others think that it could has many advantages. However, others think that it could
also have some negative impacts. This essay will discuss also have some negative impacts. While there are some
the benefits and drawbacks of such a situation in more disadvantages/advantages to this, I am of the opinion that
detail. the benefits/drawbacks will likely be more significant.

chủ đề : using public transport/ public transport

Xác định đúng và Viết mở bài
Template 1.
In recent years, an increasing number of people have
been concerned about (chủ đề). Some people believe
that this has many advantages. However, others think
that it could also have some negative impacts. This
essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of
such a situation in more detail.

Template 2.
In recent years, an increasing number of people
have been concerned about (chủ đề). Some
people believe that this has many advantages.
However, others think that it could also have
some negative impacts. While there are some
disadvantages/advantages to this, I am of the
opinion that the benefits/drawbacks will likely be
more significant.
chủ đề: taxing private car owners heavily and using money to improve public transport
 Giới thiệu chung
After graduating from high school, some young people decide to start working right
away instead of going to university.
What are the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do
this?

Template 1. Template 2.
In recent years, [chủ đề] has become a broad issue to the In recent years, [chủ đề] has become a broad issue to the
general public. Some people believe that this has many general public. Some people believe that this has many
advantages. However, others think that it could also have advantages. However, others think that it could also have
some negative impacts. This essay will discuss the some negative impacts. While there are some
benefits and drawbacks of such a situation in more advantages/disadvantages to this, I am of the opinion that
detail the benefits/ drawbacks will likely be more significant.

chủ đề: starting working right away instead of going to university

 Giới thiệu chung
What are the advantages and disadvantages of owning a car in an urban area?
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of having a car in an urban area and
state your opinion.

Template 1. Template 2.
In recent years, an increasing number of people have been In recent years, [chủ đề] has become a broad issue to the
concerned about (chủ đề). Some people believe that this has general public. Some people believe that this has many
many advantages. However, others think that it could also have advantages. However, others think that it could also have some
some negative impacts. This essay will discuss the benefits negative impacts. While there are some
and drawbacks of such a situation in more detail. advantages/disadvantages to this, I am of the opinion that the
benefits/ drawbacks will likely be more significant.

chủ đề: owning a car in an urban area

Thesis:
Thân bài – Phát triển ý
More and more students are choosing to study at colleges and universities in a foreign country. What are the benefits
and drawbacks of studying abroad?

Body 1: advantages

On the one hand, studying in another country brings many benefits. First of all,
foreign countries often offer students better courses than their home country. Therefore, they
can learn with better teachers and more modern equipment. Besides, they can have foreign
degrees and have more chances to get a good job with a high salary. It also means that they
have a higher quality of life. Secondly, studying abroad helps students become more
independent. For instance, when living overseas, they have to do everything by themselves such as
cooking, cleaning houses, and getting money. Finally, students can broaden their minds and
relationships. They can make new friends, visit new places, and experience fascinating things in a
foreign country.
Template

Từ nối trong thân bài Meaning

This is because + S + V Bởi vì

This is due to

For example, Ví dụ,...

Moreover, Besides, Hơn thế, Ngoài ra

In fact, Thực tế là, ...

In other words, Nói cách khác

Therefore, Vì vậy

However, Nhưng
Practice: Body
Viết một đoạn văn hoàn chỉnh cho câu chủ đề sau.

More and more people are living in big cities these days. What are the advantages and disadvantages of
this?

Đoạn thân bài 1: disadvantages of living in big cities

1. Topic sentence: Living in big cities/ many drawbacks
idea 1: suffer from/ face air pollution. (This is due to the huge amount of traffic transport, and factories )
Therefore: negative impacts on people’s health, affect peoples’ life quality. In fact, people in the cities
can have more risks of lung diseases than people in the countryside,....)

idea 2: face traffic jam ( Because there are people and vehicles in big cities, traffic jam is a big problem.
(Therefore) It causes a waste of time and money and increase stress for people. (For example), during
rush hours, people can get stuck on roads for hours.
Practice: Body
Viết một đoạn văn hoàn chỉnh cho câu chủ đề sau.

More and more people are living in big cities these days. What are the advantages and disadvantages of
this?

Đoạn thân bài 1: disadvantages of living in big cities

Living in big cities has many drawbacks. Firstly, people in cities suffer from air pollution. This is due to
the huge amount of traffic transport, and factories. The pollution has negative impacts on people’s
health, and badly affect peoples’ life quality. In fact, people in the cities can have more risks of lung
diseases than people in the countryside. Another drawback is traffic jam. Because there are more people
and vehicles in big cities, traffic jam is a big problem. It causes a waste of time and money and increase
stress for people. For example, during rush hours, people can get stuck on roads for hours.

(106 words)
 Chú ý

Chú ý:
Không dùng các từ như I, you, we ở trong bài luận mà thay bằng các từ mang nghĩa
trung lập:
• Some people, people, they
• a person, he or she
ex: For example, if you study abroad, you can improve your foreign language.
-> For example, if people study abroad, they can improve their foreign language
-> For example, if a person study abroad, he can improve his foreign language
Practice: Body
Viết một đoạn văn hoàn chỉnh cho câu chủ đề sau.

2. Topic sentence: advantages/ living in big cities

idea 1: ?

idea 2: ?

Link doc:
Practice: Materials

Cách ra đề đang bị outdated – lỗi thời.

Tuy nhiên chỉ cần để ý đoạn “ Write
an essay to an educated reader to
.................”
Practice: Materials
Vẽ mindmap dàn ý vào vở
Practice: Outline
 Practice: Materials
Đọc bài dịch và đọc bài viết B1
Thứ tự ưu tiên
o Dàn ý
o Bài đọc TV (đọc như đọc báo hàng ngày để quen với: Ý Tưởng, Cách viết văn Tiếng Anh)
o Bài viết Tiếng Anh (Đọc bài B1) – Đọc lấy ý tưởng còn template vẫn theo như đã học để tiết kiệm thời gian
o Dùng Quizlet copy, ghi lại các từ + cụm từ, cách diễn đạt mới hay, quan trọng
(Ví dụ link quizlet (Ms. Mai)
Practice: Materials
Lợi ích (n) Benefit, advantage, positive impact, pros

Bất lợi/ Hại (n) Drawback, disadvantage, negative impact, cons

Lợi nhiều hơn hại cách 1: advantages outweigh disadvantages

cách 2: advantages are greater than disadvantages. hoặc advantages are more significant/important
than disadvantages.
cách 3: there are more benefits than disadvantages
Hại nhiều hơn lợi cách 1: disadvantages outweigh advantages
cách 2: disadvantages are greater than advantages. hoặc disadvantages are more significant/important
than advantages.
cách 3: there are more drawbacks than benefits
ảnh hưởng xấu đến cái gì/ có hại cho cái gì cách 1: S + has a negative impact on + .....
VD: Ô nhiễm không khí có ảnh hưởng xấu đến sức khỏe ex: Air pollution has a negative impact on people's health.
mọi người. cách 2: S + badly affects + ....
ex: Air pollution badly affects people's health.
cách 3: S + is harmful to+ .......
ex: Air pollution is harmful to people's health
có ảnh hưởng tích cực đến cái gì cách 1: S + has a positive impact on + .....
VD: Công nghệ mang lại ảnh hưởng tích cực đến giáo dục ex: Air pollution has a negative impact on people's health.
cách 2: S + positively affects + ....
ex: Air pollution badly affects people's health.
cách 3: S + benefit from + ....
ex: Air pollution badly affects people's health.
(benefit (n) lợi ích, benefit (v) hưởng lợi)
gây ra cái gì cách 1: cause sth
VD: Tắc đường gây ra sự lãng phí thời gian và tiền bạc ex: Traffic jam/ Traffic congestion causes a waste of time and money.
Traffic jam = Traffic congestion
cách 2: lead to sth
ex: Traffic jam/ Traffic congestion leads to a waste of time and money.
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE SAMPLE ESSAY
What are the advantages and disadvantages of owning a car in an urban area?
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of having a car in an urban area and state your opinion.

Pros Cons
- be more comfortable ( don’t have to wait, - be expensive (gasoline, insurance rates,
in bad weather, avoid polluted air) parking fees, repair fees, ....)

-be safer ( at night, avoid pickpocket, - get stuck in traffic jams ( rush hours,
robbery,....bus/ train) travelling by motorbike – faster)

- be convenient ( anywhere, any time >< - cause worry and stress (worried that it
fixed route- public transport) gets stolen/ damaged, stressful to drive in
car – accidents...)
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE SAMPLE ESSAY
What are the advantages and disadvantages of owning a car in an urban area?
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of having a car in an urban area and state your opinion.
In recent years, owning a car has become a broad issue to the general public. Some people believe that this has many
advantages. However, others think that it could also have some negative impacts. While there are some
advantages/disadvantages to this, I am of the opinion that the benefits will likely be more significant.
On the one hand, there are some advantages to owning a car in an urban area. First, sitting in your car is much more
comfortable than having to wait a long time for the arrival of the bus or train. For example, in bad weather the
driver of the car is warm and comfortable and is always guaranteed a seat. Second, in urban areas it is much safer
to be in your car, especially at night, than having to walk down a dark street to get to a bus stop or train.
On the other hand, there are some disadvantages of owning a car. First, a car is expensive. For instance, gasoline is not
cheap and car insurance rates in urban areas are very high. In addition, there are other expenses to be considered too,
such as car maintenance and repairs as well as parking fees. Second, owning a car causes a lot of worry and stress. If you
leave your car in the street at night, it might get stolen or its parts might get stolen. Moreover, it is also very stressful to be
driving on the freeway or in traffic jams and there is the constant fear and stress of being involved in an accident.
In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits and the drawbacks of this issue. I believe the benefits
that result from this are of more importance. People should take advantage of the pros and minimize the cons
Brainstorm ideas – luyện ở nhà
The use of cell phones (mobile phones) has increased rapidly in the twenty-first century. Additionally, cell phones can now
be used for many purposes besides making phone calls.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of cell phones?

Advantages of mobile Phones: Disadvantages of mobile phones:

be the most convenient means of communication: Waste of time:

a source of entertainment: Cause certain diseases:

Addiction

Less face-to-face communication:

ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE SAMPLE ESSAY
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: In order to solve traffic problems, the Vietnamese
government should tax private car owners heavily and use the money to improve public transportation. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of such a solution?

benefits of the solution drawbacks of the solution

• discourage car owners from driving (This is • financial difficulties on car drivers ( In other
because? therefore?) words,....Therefore,......)

• encourage pp to use public transport (In • Cause anger, unfair tax ( This is
fact, For example, If,... Therefore,.....) because....)
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE SAMPLE ESSAY
Nowadays the Internet has become increasingly popular. Many people use it to do business online. As a result, shopping
online has grown rapidly recently. Write an essay to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. You
should write at least 250 words

Nowadays the Internet has become more and more popular, which leads to the growth of shopping online. This essay will
describe both the benefits and drawbacks of buying things on the Internet.
On the one hand, there are some merits of buying items online. Firstly, it is quicker and cheaper to shop on the Internet.
For example, instead of going to traditional stores, people can just stay at home and order the products online. Therefore,
it enables them to save time and cost of travelling. Another advantage of purchasing on the Internet is that it allows
people to have a wider range of products at a competitive price. As almost everything is sold online nowadays, it is
possible for people to do research of the desired product from various providers. Thus, they are able to compare different
brands and shops in terms of price, quality, guarantee and so on.
On the other hand, making a purchase on the Internet can be negative in several ways. The first drawback is
that customers cannot try the products before buying them. As a result, they might not be satisfied with them when the
products get delivered home. For example, it is impossible for people to try on clothes to see if they fit or
not. Furthermore, products sold online are often less reliable. To be more specific, customers might see unreal pictures of
the products online and the things they buy might have poorer quality than expected.
In conclusion, it can be seen that shopping on the Internet has both merits and downsides. However, I believe that the
advantages still outweigh the disadvantages.
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE SAMPLE ESSAY
Nowadays many people have access to computers and a large number of children enjoy playing video games.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of playing video games for children?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.

In today's world where we all have access to the internet, more and more children are playing computer games and their
popularity is increasing all the time. This essay will look at the positive aspects these games can have and also the
negative effects on children.

Firstly, as education is becoming more demanding for many young people, computer games can provide a way of relaxing
and reducing stress. Computer games can take us into different worlds where we can escape from reality. In addition to
this, computer games today are very advanced and can help children develop their thinking skills. Instructions need to be
understood and games often include complicated problems which need to be solved.
However, there are also many problems with the increasing popularity of computer games. Many children become
addicted to them and they play for hours, sometimes through the night. In South Korea, the government has banned
children from playing games after midnight as the problem was so great and the effect on education was very negative.
Furthermore, some children find it difficult to identify what is real and what is virtual. Some people argue that this has led
to a rise in crime inspired by video games. This is not proven, but it is undeniable that games today can be very violent.
To sum up, there are both advantages and disadvantages with computer games and it seems that parents need to
exercise caution and monitor their children's activity as some games may be more suitable than others.
(252 words)
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