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I. Cấu trúc đảo ngữ

Đảo ngữ là hình thức đảo ngược vị trí thông thường của chủ từ và động từ trong một câu, được dùng để
nhấn mạnh một thành phần hay ý nào đó trong câu.
Các dạng đảo ngữ:

Các dạng
STT Công thức Ví dụ
đảo ngữ
No/Not + N + Trợ động từ + S + Động từ Not a tear did she shed when the story
ended in a tragedy.
At no time = Never = Under/In no At no time did he suspect that his
circumstances girlfriend was an enemy spy.
(không bao giờ)
By no means (hoàn toàn không) By no means is she poor. She only
pretends to be.
For no reason (không vì lí do gì) For no reason will we surrender.

Các cụm
1 từ có NO In no way (không sao có thể) In no way could I believe in a
ridiculous story.
On no condition = On no account + On no account should you be late for
Trợ động từ + S + Động từ the exam.
(dù bất cứ lí do gì cũng không)
No longer (không còn nữa) No longer does he make mistakes.
No where + Trợ động từ + S + Động từ No where can the keys be found.
(không nơi nào, không ở đâu)
Đảo ngữ Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly, Little did he know the truth.
với các Scarcely, Barely,... Never in my life have I been in such
2 trạng từ an embarrassing situation.
phủ định
Only after + S + V + Trợ động từ + S + V Only after I had left home did I
(chỉ sau khi) realize how important my family
played a role in my life.
Only after + N + Trợ động từ + S + V Only after his father's retirement did
Đảo ngữ (chỉ sau khi) he take over the company.
3
với ONLY
Only by + V-ing + Trợ động từ + S + V Only by studying hard can you pass
(chỉ bằng cách) the exam.
Only if + S + V + Trợ động từ + S + V Only if you promise to keep secret will
(chỉ trong trường hợp/chỉ khi) I tell you about it.

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Only when + S + V + Trợ động từ + S + Only when you grow up can you
V understand this matter.
(chỉ khi)
Only with + N + trợ động từ + S + V Only with your help can we manage.
(chỉ với)
Only once/ Only later/ Only in this way/ Only once have I met her.
Only then + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ + Only later did I realize I was wrong.
Động từ
Hardly/Barely/Scarcely + had + S Hardly had I gone to bed when the
+ Vp2 + when + S + V (quá khứ telephone rang.
Hardly/ = No sooner had I gone to bed than
4 đơn)
No sooner
= No sooner + had + S + Vp2+ than + S + the telephone rang.
V (quá khứ đơn)
(Ngay khi/vừa mới... thì)
Not only Not only + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ + Not only does she sing beautifully but
5 … but Động từ + but also + Chủ ngữ + Động từ also she learns well.
also (không những... mà còn)
So + Tính từ + be + chủ ngữ + that + So beautiful is she that many boys run
clause after her.
So/Such ... Such + a/an + adj + N + be + that + Such a good boy he is that every girl
6 clause falls in love with him.
that
(quá... đến nỗi mà)

Not until/till + Time/Time clause + Trợ Not until/till midnight did he come
Not until/ động từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ home.
7 Not till (mãi đến khi) Not until/till I was 8 did I know how
to ride a bike.
Câu điều kiện loại 1: Should he come, please tell him to see
Should + S+V, V + O /S + will, can... + V me.
Câu điêu kiện loại 2: Were I you, I would apply for that
Đảo ngữ Were + S + (to V) + ..., S + would/could + job.
8 với câu V Were I to have enough money, I
điều kiện
would buy that car.
Câu điều kiện loại 3: Had the car in the front not stopped so
Had + S + Vp2, S + would/could + have + suddenly, the accidents wouldn't have
Vp2 happened.

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Although/Even though/Though + S + Although the exercise is difficult, the
V, S +V boys can solve it.
9 Although = Much as + S + V, S + V Much as the exercise is difficult, the
= No matter what + S + V, S + V boys can solve it.
No matter how difficult the exercise
= No matter how + adj/adv + S + V, S + V
is, the boys can solve it.
= However + adj/adv + S + V However difficult the exercise is, the
= Adj/adv + as/though + S + V, S + V boys can solve it.
Difficult as the exercise is, the boys can
solve it.

10 Nor Nor + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ He doesn't smoke, nor does he drink.

11 Đảo ngữ có So/Neither + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ I can't sing well, neither can my sister.
So/ Neither He loves football, so do I.
12 Đảo ngữ với Adv of place + V + S Near my house is a bus stop.
các trạng từ
chỉ phương
hướng/ nơi
chốn
13 Đảo ngữ với Cụm phân từ (V-ing/Vp2) + V + S Situated in the central mountains of
cụm phân Alaska is a peak named Denali.
từ
Coming first in the race was my sister.

Exercise 1:
1. Not only to determine the depth of the ocean floor, but it is also used to locate oil.
A. seismology is used B. using seismology C. is seismology used D. to use seismology
2. advised on what and how to prepare for the interview, he might have got the job.
A. Had he been B. If he had C. Unless he had been D. Were he to be
3. Not until 1856 across the Mississippi River.

A. the first bridge was built B. was the first bridge built
C. the first bridge built D. did the first bridge build
4. Only when you grow up, the truth.

A. you will know B. you know C. do you know D. will you know
5. Mozart was an accomplished compose while still a child.
A. Remarkable as it seems B. As it seems remarkable
C. No matter remarkable it seems D. Remarkable however it seem
6. Out for a walk after she finished doing her homework.
A. did Mary go B. Mary went C. Mary did go D. went Mary
7. she could not say anything.
A. So upset was she that B. So upset was she
C. However upset was she that D. Therefore upset was she that

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8. with my previous job, I would have won a higher promotion and I in this unfortunate
position now.
A. Unless I had stayed / am not B. If I stayed / would not be
C. If had I stayed / will not be D. Had I stayed / would not be
9. Not only to speak to him, but she also vowed never to see him again.
A. she refused B. did she refuse C. she did refuse D. when she refused
10. an emergency arise, call 911.
A. Should B. If C. Will D. Were
11. Nowhere in the northern section of the United States for growing citrus crops.
A. is there suitability of the climate B. where the climate is suitable
C. the climate is suitable D. is the climate suitable
12. Only after she had finished the course did she realize she a wrong choice.
A. had made B. has made C. had been making D. was making
13. Never him stand on the deserted station platform.
A. will I forget to see B. I will forget to see
C. will I forget seeing D. I will forget seeing
14. The instructor blew his whistle and
A. off the runners were running B. off ran the runners
C. off were running the runners D. the runners runs off
15. Seldom far enough north to disturb South Pacific shipping lanes.
A. Antarctic icebergs will move B. will Antarctic icebergs move
C. will move Antarctic icebergs D. move Antarctic icebergs will
16. will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
A. At any time B. At no time C. At a time D. At one time
17. He listened so attentively that not a word
A. he had missed B. he missed C. he didn't miss D. did he miss
18. We spent nearly 3 hours waiting outside the station, then out
A. the star came B. did the star come C. came the star D. be the star coming
19. The African killer bees could not be handled safely, nor
A. their honey could be harvested B. harvested could their honey be
C. could not their honey be harvested D. could their honey be harvested
20. Down when he was passing under the tree.
A. an apple fall B. an apple fell C. did an apple fall D. fell an apple

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Exercise 2:
1. the letter, she cried a lot because of what he had written to her.
A. Having read B. To read C. Read D. Being read
2. Today, the old couple has their family and friends their golden wedding anniversary.
A. attend B. to attend C. attended D. attending
3. Neil Armstrong was the first man on the moon.
A. walking B. has walked C. to walk D. walked
4. It was not until he took off his dark glasses I realized he was a famous film star.
A. as B. that C. though D. since
5. I’m sure you’ll have no the exam
A. difficulty passing B. difficulties to pass C. difficulty to pass D. difficulties of passing
6. I don't find it difficult to get up early in the morning.
A. It's difficult for me to get up early in the morning.
B. I'm used to getting up early in the morning.
C. I hate getting up early in the morning.
D. I used to get up early in the morning.
7. John congratulated us our exam with high marks.
A. on passing B. for passing C. to pass D. on pass
8. The old woman accused the boy the window.
A. in breaking B. on breaking C. at breaking D. of breaking
9. In order to make the house more beautiful and newer, the Browns had it yesterday.
A. to be repainted B. repaint C. repainted D. to repaint
10. I love films but I seldom find time to go to the cinema.
A. seeing B. see C. saw D. seen
11. Kevin put a fence so that people didn't walk on his garden.
A. Kevin put a fence because he wants to remind people to walk on his garden.

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B. Kevin put a fence to prevent people from walking on his garden.

C. In order to tell people to walk on his garden, Kevin put a fence.
D. So as to encourage people to walk on his garden, Kevin put a fence.
12. I regret going to the cinema. I wish I
A. hadn't gone there B. haven’t gone there
C. didn't go there D. would not go there
13. "Why don't you ask your parents for advice?" said Tom.
A. Tom advised me asking my parents for advice.
B. Tom said to me to ask my parents for advice.
C. Tom wanted to know the reason why I don't ask my parents for advice.
D. Tom suggested that I ask my parents for advice.
14. He was suspected to have stolen credit cards. The police have investigated him for days.
A. He has been investigated for days, suspected to have stolen credit cards.
B. Suspecting to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
C. Having suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
D. Suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
15. The house is too dark. You need a bright color.
A. to be painted B. painting it C. to have it painted D. to have it
paint
16. My music teacher suggested for an hour before breakfast.
A. practising B. to practise C. having practised D. to
practising
17. It's no good to him; he never answers letters.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. for writing
18. Lan didn't apply for the job in the library and regrets it now.
A. Lan wishes she had applied for the job in the library.
B. Lan wishes she hadn't applied for the job in the library.
C. Lan wishes she would apply for the job in the library.
D. Lan wishes she applies for the job in the library.
19. Why not the meeting until Thursday morning?
A. postpone B. postponing
C. you postpone D. do you postpone
20. There is no point in your phoning Jane - she's away.
A. It would be a waste of time phoning Jane - she's away.
B. You waste your time if you insist on phoning Jane - she's away.
C. Don't spend your valuable time phoning Jane - she's out.
D. Jane is very difficult to phone - she's always away.

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