MCQ SECOND YEAR 2016 GUYTON Scanned by CamScanner1, Seven days after ovulati ‘aipidly. Wa] cretion of luteinizing hormons (LLM) deerenses A) The anterior p ASCENT Nerior pituitary ain seman releasing hormone (eet MMFESPONHIVG 10 the stinlatory efter of Estroge: i e > Ben From the developing. folicies exe fecabac ! 8 S exeris a feedback inhihition on the hypothalamus C) The i e i 2 Piste fh toa femperature inhibits hypothalamic release of GnRiT B) Secvetio preteen aad Progesterone by the corpus luteum supp: s and pituitary secreti rLH B) None of the above Teoston ofA es hypothalamic 2. Which of the following A) Increased heart rate” B) Exophthalmos C) Increased plasma levels of triiodothyronine (T3) D) Increased plasma levels of thyroxine (T4) E) Increased plasma levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone is inconsistent with the diagnosis of Graves? disease? 3. Which of the following statements about antidiuretic hormone is true? A) Itis synthesized in the posterior pituitary gland B) It increases salt and water reabsorption in the collecting tubules and ducts C) It stimulates thirst D) It has opposite effects on urine and plasma osmolality 4. After menopause, hormone replacement therapy with estrogen-like compounds is effective in preventing the progression of osteoporosis. What is the mechanism of their protective effect? A) They stimulate the activity of osteoblasts B) They increase absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract C) They stimulate calcium reabsorption by the renal tubules D) They stimulate parathyroid hormone secretion by the parathyroid gland 5. Within minutes following a normal delivery, flow through the foramen ovale decreases dramatically, What is the cause of this change? ; A) Increased formation of prostaglandin E2 in the endocardium B) Increased rate of flow through the pulmonary artery C) Increased left atrial pressure ) Increased right atrial pressure 3) Increased Po2 yy CamScanner9, One treatment f corpora cavennona of eee dysfnetion requires the injection of a substance into the he penis. The injection of which of the following causes an erection? A) Norepin B) A subs ») us| ‘mation of nitric oxide ) Thromboxane A2, whieh is a vasoconstrictor prostas D) Angiotensin 11 E) None of the above 11. A young woman is given daily injections of a substance beginning on the 16th day of her normal menstrual cycle and continuing for 3 weeks. As long as the injections continue, she does not menstruate. The injected substance could be which of the. following? A) Testosterone B) FSH C) An inhibitor of progesterone's actions D) A prostaglandin E2 inhibitor E) ACG 12. Which of the following could inhibit the initiating labor? A) Administration of an antagonist of the actions of progesterone B) Administration of luteinizing hormone ©) Administration of an antagonist of prostaglandin E2 effects D) Mechanically dilating and stimulating the cervix E) Administration of oxytocin 13, Exposure to UY light directly facilitates which of the following? A) Conversion of cholesterol to 25-hydroxycholicalciferol B) Conversion of 25-hydroxycholicalciferol to 1,25-dihydroxycholicalciterol C) Transport of calcium into the extracellular fluid D) Formation of calcium binding protein E) Storage of vitamin D3 in the liver gulated by a negative feedback control system in which follicle- H) stimulates the steps in sperm cell formation. What is the d with sperm cell production that inhibits pituitary 16. Spermatogenesis is rej stimulating hormone (FS! negative feedback signal associate formation of FSH? A) Testosterone B) Inhibin C) Estrogen uuteinizing hormone 2117, During the 12-hr peri aA) The plasma cone aah Preceding ovulation, which of the following is true? B) A surg °) D) tration of estrogen is rising ing hormone ig seer suBe zing h mone is secreted from the pituitary he sure Follow ea ately after the formation of the eorpus latewra hi oe pee inmediaiely by a fall in the plasma concentration of progesterone he number of develaping follicles is incre “NN of lutein ing ale hormonal 8 WI ; reine Levels ci 5 18, When do progesterone levels rise 10 their highest point during the “ cycle? A) Between ovulation and the beginning of menstruation B) Immediately before ovulation her i C) When the blood concentration of luteinizing hormone is at its highest point D) When 12 primary follicles are developing to the antral stage 19. Some cells secrete chemicals into the extracellular fluid that act on :ells in the same tissue. Which of the following refers to this type of regulation? A) Neural B) Endocrine C) Neuroendocrine D) Paracrine E) Autocrine 21, Estrogen is required for normal reproductive function in the male. Where is the principal site of estogen synthesis in the male? A) Leydig cells B) Osteoblasts C) Liver cells D) Prostate cells 29, Parathyroid hormone directly A) controls the rate of 25-hydroxycholicalciferol formation . 8 B) controls the rate of calcium transport in the mucosa of the small intestine C) controls the rate of formation of calcium binding protein D) controls the rate of formation of 1, 25-dihydroxycholicalciferol E) stimulates renal tubular phosphate reabsorption insulin 30. Which of the following is most likely to produce the greatest increase in it secretion? A) Amino acids B) Amino acids and glucose C) Amino acids and somatostatin D) Glucose and somatostatin 22 canned by CamScanner31. In order for male differentiat pi inorder fe i filferentition 40 occur during embryonic development, testosterone al be a testes. What stimulates the soe : Piero M Secretion of testosterone during A) Luteinizing hormone from the maternal pituitary gland 8) Human chotionie gonadoiropin “yen C) hibin from the corpus luteum D) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the embryo's hypothe ma thyroid: 2 oer 2 Aare has an elevated plasma thyroxine (T4) concentration, a low pl sien eng fern {TSH) concentration, and a thyroid gland that is smaller than ena hea the following is the most likely explanation for these findings? Pens has a lesion in the anterior pituitary that prevents TSH secretion B) Patient is taking propylthiouracil C) Patient is taking thyroid extract D) Patient is consuming large amounts of iodine E) Patient has Graves disease 33. Extracellular ionic calcium activity will be decreased within | min by which of the following? A) Increase in extracellular phosphate ion activity B) Increase in extracellular pH C) Decrease in extracellular Pco2 D) All of the above E) None of the above. 34, As menstruation ends estrogen levels in the blood rise rapidly. What is the source of the estrogen? A) Corpus luteum B) Developing follicles C) Endometrium D) Stromal cells of the ovaries E) Amerior pituitary gland 35. Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones plays a major role in the regulation of a nonendocrine target gland? A) Adrenocorticotropic hormone B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone ©) Prolactin D) Follicle-stimulating hormone E) Luteinizing hormone _ 37. A female athlete who took testosterone-like steroids for several months stopped ving normal menstrual cycles. What is the best explanation for this observation? Testosterone stimulates inhibin production from the corpus luteum Scanned by CamScannerB) Testosterone binds to rec eptors inthe endometrium, resulting i ium’ fret devon daring he se Storer, eng the endomeam’s ©) Testosterone binds to rei i nds 10 receptors in the anterior pituitary that st ) ae P a rior pi in stimulate the secretion of folliclestimutating hormone (FSH) and lucinizing hormone (UH) D) Testosterone inhibits the hypothalamic secretion of gonadotvopin-releas and the pituitary secretion of LH and FSH . hormone 38, Which of the following would be expected in a patient with a genetic deficiency iv 11B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 27 A) Increased mineralocorticoid activity B) Increased glucocorticoid activity C) Hyperkalemia D) Decreased blood pressure E) Hypoglycemia 40. A patient has a goiter associated with high plasma levels of both thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Her heart rate is elevated. This patient most likely has which of the following? A) Endemic goiter B) Hypothalamic tumor secreting large amounts of TRH ©) Pituitary tumor secreting large amounts of TSH D) Graves’ disease 42. A man eats a low carbohydrate meal rich in proteins containing the amino acids that stimulate insulin secretion. Which of the following responses accounts for the absence of hypoglycemia? A) Suppression of growth hormone B) Suppression of somatomedin C secretion C) Stimulation of cortisol secretion D) Stimulation of glucagon secretion E) Stimulation of epinephrine secretion 43, A 46-year-old man has “puffy” skin and is lethargic. His plasma thyroid-stirmulating hormone concentration is low and increases markedly when he is given thyrotropin- releasing hormone. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A) Hyperthyroidism due to a thyroid tumor B) Hyperthyroidism due to an abnormality in the hypothalamus C) Hypothyroidism due to an abnormality in the thyroid D) Hypothyroidism due to an abnormality in the hypothalamus E) Hypothyroidism due to an abnormality in the pituitary “Which of the following hormones is both synthesized and stored in the pituitary id? 24 f Scanned by CamScannerA) Growth hormone (GH) B) GH releasing hormone (HRI) ©) ADH D) Somatostatin E) Somatomedin 46. In controlling aldosteron 1 8 Aldosterone secretion, angiotensin HH ncis on which of the following i Hee F 1 hich of the following A) Zona glomerulosa B) Zona fasciewlata C) Zona reticularis D) Adrenal medulla 47. Giving prostaglandin 2 (PGE2) to a pregnant woman may result in an abortion. What is the best explanation for this finding? A) PGE2 strongly stimulates uterine contraction B) PGE2 causes constriction of the arteries leading to the placenta ©) PGE2 stimulates the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary D) PGE? increases the secretion of progesterone from the corpus luteum 49. Which of the following pairs of hormones and the corresponding action is incorrect? A) Glucagon—increased glycogenolysis in liver B) Glucagon—increased glycogenolysis in skeletal muscle C) Glucagon—increased gluconeogenesis D) Cortisol—increased gluconeogenesis E) Cortisol—decreased glucose uptake in muscle 52. Which of the following hormones is largely unbound to plasma proteins? A) Cortisol B) Thyroxine (T4) C) Antidiuretic hormone D) Estradiol E) Progesterone 54. Why is milk produced only after delivery, not before? A) Levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone are too low during pregnancy to support milk production ; | B) High levels of progesterone and estrogen during pregnancy suppress railk production C) The alveolar cells of the breast do not reach maturity until after delivery . D) High levels of oxytocin are required for milk production to begin, and oxytocin is not secreted until the baby stimulates the nipple , ‘an ee 6. Which of the following increases the rate of excretion of calcium ions by the kidney? .) Decrease in calcitonin concentration in the plasma 25 Scanned by CamScannerB) Increase in phosph ©) Decrease in the plasma level of 50. If a woman has a tumor sec which of the following will ox A) Progesterone levels in the blood will be B) Her luteinizing hormone seeretion rate ©) She will not have normal menstrual cycles D) Her bones will be normally calcified E) All of the above large amounts of estrogen from tie adrenal gland, ery Tow be totally supy 65. Which of the following changes would be expected to occur with inereased binding of a hormone to plasma proteins? A) Increase in plasma clearance of the hormone B) Decrease in half-life of the hormone C) Increase in hormone activity D) Increase in degree of negative feedback exerted by the hormone E) Increase in plasma reservoir for rapid replenishment of free hormone 67. A 30-year-old woman is breast-feeding her infant. During suckling, which of the following hormonal responses is expected? A) Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the supraoptic nuclei B) Increased secretion of ADH from the paraventricular nuclei C) Increased secretion of oxytocin from the paraventricular nuclei D) Decreased secretion of neurophysin E) Increased plasma levels of both oxytocin and ADH. 70. Which of the following would be associated with parallel changes in aldosterone and cortisol secretion? A) Addison’s disease B) Cushing’s disease C) Cushing’s syndrome (adrenal tumor) D)A low sodium diet E) Administration of a converting enzyme inhibitor 73. Which of the following decreases the rate of urinary excretion of calcium ions by the kidney? A) Increase in calcitonin concentration in the plasma 8) Decrease in phosphate ion concentration in the plasma C) Increase in the plasma level of parathyroid hormone )) Metabolic acidosis ase in calcium ion activity in the plasma74 A SS-yearsold man has cretion due to ¢ would WW has developed the syndrome of ina, ‘areinoma of the lung. Wh be expecied? 1PPropriate antidiuretic hormone Nich of the following physiological responses A) Increases plasma osmolatiy ‘ately low urine osmolality (relative to plasma os molality) thirst D) Decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone fron the pituitary gkinel During pregnancy, the uterine smooth musele is quiescent. During the 9th month of gestation the uterine muscle becomes progressively more excitable. What factors coniituute (o the inerease in excitability? A) Placental estrogen synthesis tises to high rates 'B) Progesterone synthesis by the placenta decreas C) Uterine blood Mow reaches its highest rate D) Prostaglandin E2 synthesis by the placenta decreases E) Activity of the fetus falls to low levels 77. A 20-year-old woman is not having menstrual cycles. Her plasma progesterone Concentration is found to be minimal. What is the explanation for the low level of progesterone? A) LH secretion rate is elevated B) LH secretion rate is suppressed C) FSH secretion rate is suppressed D) No corpus luteum is present . E) High inhibin concentration in the plasma has suppressed progesterone synthesis 78. Before the preovulatory surge in luteinizing hormone, granulosa ce'ls of the follicle secrete Which of the following? A) Testosterone B) Progesterone C) Estrogen D) Inhibin 82. Which of the following hormones activate enzyme-linked receptors? A) ADH B) Insulin C) ACTH D)PTH E) Aldosterone _ 83. Which of the following is produced by the trophoblast cells during the first 3 weeks canned by Vamscanner©) Oxytocin D) Human chorionic gonadotropin E) None of the above 84. Which of the Following finding A) Sonmolence . 8) Pulp is most likely in a patient whe has w yeedema? ons 85. At birth, a large, well-nourished baby is found to have a plasma glucose concentration of 17 mg/dl. (normal is 80 to 100 mg/dL) and a plasma insulin concentration twice the normal value, What is the explanation for these findings? A) Neonate suffered from in utero malnutrition 8B) Mother was malnourished during pregnancy ©) Mother is diabetic, with poorly controlled hyperglycemia D) Mother is obese 86. Which of the following stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormene (PTH)? A) Increase in extracellular calcium ion aetivity above the normal value B) Increase in calcitonin concentration C) Respiratory acidosis D) Increased secretion of PTH-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus E) None of the above 87. A 40-year-old women is placed on a high-polassium diet for several weeks. Which of the following hormonal changes is most likely to occur? A) Increased secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone B) Increased secretion of cortisol C) Increased secretion of aldosterone. D) Increased secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone E) Decreased secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone 89. If a woman hears her baby cry, she may experience milk ejection from the nipples even before the baby is placed to the breast. What is the explanation for this? A) The sound of the hungry baby’s cry elicits secretion of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary, which reaches the breast and causes contraction of the myoepithelial cells B) The sound of the hungry baby’s cry causes a reflex relaxation of the myoepithelial cells, allowing the milk to flow ) The sound of the hungry baby's cry elicits a surge of prolactin from the anterior pituitary, which promptly stimulates milk production from the breast scanned by CamScannerD) The sound of th © hungry baby’ ee neh MOY § Cry elicits syn i causes contraction of the myoepithely cele “impathetie nervous system discharge that a0 Which of the following hormones B) PTH ©) Aldosterone D) ACTH B) Insulin Not stored in its endocrine-producing gland? 93. Which of the fi findii v following findings would likely be in a ps vith 2 deficiency in iodine ome g8 would likely be reported in a patient with a A) Weight loss B) Nervousness C) Increased sweating D) Increased synthesis of thyroglobulin E) Tachycardia 94, Before intercourse, a woman irrigates her vagina with a solution that lowers the pH of the vaginal fluid to 4.5. What will be the effect on sperm cells in the vagina? A) Metabolic rate will increase B) Rate of movement will decrease C) Formation of prostaglandin E2 will increase D) Rate of oxygen consumption will increase 96. Men who take large doses of testosterone-like androgenic steroids for long periods are sterile in the reproductive sense of the word. What is the explanation for this finding? A) High levels of androgens bind to testosterone receptors in the Sertoli cells, resulting in overstimulation of inhibin formation. B) Overstimulation of sperm cell production results in the formation of defective sperm cells. . C) High levels of androgen compounds inhibit the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone by the hypothalamus, resulting in the inhibition of Juteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone release by the anterior pituitary D) High levels of androgen compounds produce hypertrophic dysfunction of the prostate gland 97. A 30-year-old woman is administered cortisone for the treatment of an autoimmune disease. Which of the following is most likely to occur? A) Increased adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion _ B) Increased cortisol secretion Increased insulin secretion Increased muscle mass 2 Scanned by CamScanner5) Hypoglycemia between meals 98. The function oF which of the followine se 4 hormone concentration? a A) Osteoclasis B) Hepatic formation of 25-hydroxycholecale feral C) Phosphate reabsorpiive pathways in the renal iubules D) All of the above 99. Which of the following statements about peptide or protein hormone! is usvelly rue? A) They have longer half-lives than sleroid hormones B) They have receptors on the cell membrane ©) They have a slower onset of action than both steroid and thyroid hormones D) They are not stored in endocrine-producing glands 101. Cortisol and growth hormone are most dissimilar in their metabolic effects on which of the following? A) Protein synthesis in muscle B) Glucose uptake in peripheral tissues C) Plasma glucose concentration D) Mobilization of triglycerides 102. Infants of mothers who had adequate nutrition during pregnancy do not require iron supplements or a diet rich in iron until about 3 months of age. Why is this? A) Growth of the infant does not require iron until after the 3rd month B) The fetal liver stores enough iron to meet the infant’s needs until the third month C) Synthesis of new red blood cells begins after 3 months D) Muscle cells that develop before the 3rd month do not contain myoglobin 103. Which of the following would least likely be associated with thyrotoxicosis? A) Tachycardia B) Increased appetite C) Somnolence D) Increased sweating E) Muscle tremor 104, Where does fertilization normally take place? A) Uterus B) Cervix C) Ovary D) Ampulla of the fallopian tubes 106. Which of the following findings is most likely to occur in a patient who has uncontrolled type | diabetes mellitus?A) Decreased plasma osmolality B) Increased plasma volume C) Increased plasma pht D) Increased relea E) Decreased ra @ Of glucose from the liver lipolysis, 107. Growth hormone secretion would most following conditions? A) Acromegaly B) Gigantism C) Deep Sleep D) Exercise ) Acute hyperglycemia likely be suppressed under which of the 108. Two days before the onset of menstruation, secretions of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) reach their lowest levels. What is the cause of this low level of secretion? A) The anterior pituitary gland becomes unresponsive to the stimulatory effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) B) Estrogen from the developing follicles exerts a feedback inhibition on the hypothalamus C) The rise in body temperature inhibits hypothalamic release of GARH D) Secretion of estrogen, progesterone, and inhibin by the corpus luteum suppresses hypothalamic secretion of GnRH and pituitary secretion of FSH 109. Which of the following would most likely occur in the earliest stages of type II diabetes? A) Increased insulin sensitivity B) High circulating levels of C-peptide C) Decreased hepatic glucose output D) Metabolic acidosis ) Hypovolemia 111. Which of the following contributes to “sodium escape” in Comn’s syndrome? A) Decreased plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide B) Increased plasma levels of angiotensin II C) Decreased sodium reabsorption in the collecting tubules D) Increased arterial pressure 114, A 30-year-old woman reports to the clinic for a routine physical examination. The examination reveals that she is pregnant. Plasma levels of TSH are high but total T4 concentration (protein bound and free) is normal. Which of the following best reflects this patient’s clinical state? 31 Scanned by CamScannerA) Graves’ disease B) Hashimoto's q ©) Pituitary D) Hypothal E) Patient is LuMor secreting ‘TE}4 mic Wumor seereving TRE taking thyroid extract 115. Which of the fo! hormone? A) B) Proteins C) Glycogen D) Glucose Towing metabutic substrates is ferentially metabolized by growth 118. vi rt ii ae meals of (ranscortin are elevated in a Pregnant woman. Which of the following ‘aboratory findings would be expected in this patient? A) Increased tota} (protein-bound plus free) plasma cortisol concentration a pctebedl free (on-protein-bound) Plasma cortisol concentration :) Decreased total plasma cortisol concentration D) Decreased free plasma cortisol concentration E) Little or no change in total plasma cortisol concentration 119. Birth contro] pills containing combinations of synthetic estrogen end progesterone Compounds given for the first 21 days of the menstrual cycle are effective in preventing, pregnancy. What is the explanation for their efficacy? A) Prevention of the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone secretion from the pituitary gland B) Prevention of development of the ovarian follicles C) Suppressing function of the corpus Iuteum soon after it forms D) Prevention of normal development of the endometrium. 120. Which of the following physiological responses is greater for triiodothyronine (T3) than for thyroxine (T4)? A) Secretion rate from the thyroid B) Plasma concentration C) Plasma half-life D) Affinity for nuclear receptors in target tissues E) Latent period for onset of action in target tissues 121. A “birth control” compound for men has been sought for several decades. Which of the following would provide effective sterility? : A) Substance that mimics the actions of luteinizing hormone B) Substance that blocks the actions of inhibin ; 4 Substance that blocks the actions of follicle-stimulating hormone . Substance that mimics the actions of gonadotropin-releasing hormon Scanned by CamScanner—— 122. In order for mn 3 IK to Now f infant, which of the following son ME MipPe of the i ‘Mowing so Me nip the mother into the mou i 8) Prolactin levels must fat ©) Oxytocin ction c ‘Om the posterio, The baby" Sterior pituitary must D) The baby’s mouth must develop a auth site E) All of the above A strong negative i place nnre over the y pote 125. The placenta does A) Develops from the B) Scerctes luteinizin, ©) Sceretes estr ‘ogen Which of the following? granulosa c 8 hormone. dD) Allows direct inixing of maternal and feta! blood E) None of the above 2 i * " 126. Why is osteoporosis much more common in elderly women than in elderly men? A) Men continue to Produce testosterone throughout their lifetime, whereas women cease estrogen production after ™nenopause B) Women consume less dietary calcium than men C) Gastrointestinal absorption of calcium is more effective in men than in women D) The bones of women contain less calcium than those of men even before menopause 527. When compared with the late-evening values typically observed in normal subjects, plasma levels of both adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol would be expected to be higher in which of the following individuals? A) Normal subjects after waking in the moming B) Normal subjects administered dexamethasone C) Patients with Cushing’s syndrome (adrenal adenoma) D) Patients with Addison’s disease E) Patients with Conn’s syndrome 128. Which of the following conditions or hormones would most likely increase growth hormone secretion? A) Hyperglycemia B) Exercise C) Somatomedin D) Somatostatin E) Aging i rtensi ism, and 130. A 59-year-old woman has osteoporosis, hypertension, ye A at hyperpigmentation. Magnetic resonance imaging indicates ae a ee eae dalurged Which of the following conditions is most SE TE A) Pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting B) Ectopic ACTH-secreting tumorC) Inappropriately high sceretion ra nat D) Adrenal adenoy " ; a eof co Cotropin-releasing hormone E) Addison's disease 132, Extracellular ¢ ‘alcium concentr months even wh, ca 7 ‘ALON remains only slightly below normal for many A CATY Calcium intake is minional. What occa, : wniniee ke is minima al accounts for this ability 1, auntain calcium concentration in the extracellular fluid? , A) Only a slight reduction increases in parathyroid hort B) Osteoclasts stim: the large qua calcium level in plasma calcium concentration stimulates | mone secretion ulated by intity stored in 1 arge, high levels of parathyroid hormone remove calcium from the bone, thereby maintaining the near-normal extracellular ) Renal exeretion of calcium is greatl concentrations of Parathyroid hormone D) All of the above ly reduced under the influence of high 134. During the latter stages of pregnancy, many women experience an increase in body hair growth in a masculine pattern. What is the explanation for this? A) The ovaries secrete some testosteron ¢ along with the large amounts of estrogen Produced late in pregnancy B) The fetal ovaries and testes secrete androgenic steroids C) The maternal and fetal adrenal that are used by the placenta to form estrogen glands secrete large amounts of androgenic steroids D) The placenta secretes large amounts of estrogen, some of which is metabolized to testosterone 135. What is the cause of menopause? A) Reduced levels of gonadotropic hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary gland ; B) Reduced responsiveness of the follicles to the stimulatory effects of gonadotropic hormones C) Reduced rate of secretion of progesterone from the corpus luteum D) Reduced numbers of follicles available in the ovary for stimulation by gonadotropic hormones 136. Release of which of the following hormones is an example of neuroendocrine secretion? A) Growth hormone B) Cortisol C) Oxytocin D) Prolactin E) Adrenocorticotropic hormone 34137. During the wel Aline. Woe 5 ion, the Enclometrium increases i > O, tstimulates this inerease in iy; SEES In thickness neti a 8 increas cknesy’ “50 A) Luteinizing hormone ee nies B) Estrogen from the corpus luteum ©) Progesterone fr ‘on D) Follicle-stimut: k following ovul n the corpus tuteun ailing hormone 139. Inhibition of uy he iodide pump would be expected to cx id be expected to cam changes? ' ° which of the fallowing A) Increased synthesis of thyroxine (4) B) Increased synthesis of thyroglobulin C) Increased metabolic rate D) Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion E) Extreme nervousness 140. Before implantation, the blastocyst obtains its nutrition from the uterine endometrial secretions. How does the blastocyst obtain nuwition during the first week after implantation? A) It continues to derive nutrition from endometrial secretions B) The cells of the blastocyst contain stored nutrients that are metabolized for nutritional support C) The placenta provides nutrition derived from maternal blood D) The trophoblast cells digest the nutrient-rich endometrial cells and zhen absorb their contents for use by the blastocyst 141. Which of the following increases the rate of deposition and decreases the rate of absorption of bone? A) Elevation of parathyroid hormone concentration B) Elevation of estrogen concentration ; C) Elevation of extracellular hydrogen ion concentration. D) Reduction in mechanical stress on the bone 142, Which of the following pituitary hormones has a chemical structure most similar to that of antidiuretic hormone? A) Oxytocin B) Adrenocorticotropic hormone C) Thyroid-stimulating hormone D) Follicle-stimulating hormone E) Prolactin 144, Which of the following steroid hormones is not synthesized to any appreciable degree in the 2ona fasciculata? A) Aldosterone B) Cortisol 35 Scanned by CamScannery 4 C) Corticosterone D) Dehydroepiandrosterone £) Deoxycorlicosterone resses ihe portal 4 mass in the sella twreiea that compresses Uh pont to hypothalamic secretions. ‘The secretion 7 ent”? 8, disrupting pituitary acee which of the following hormones would most likely increase in this A) Adrenoeonticotropic hormone B) Growth hormone C) Prola ing hormone stimulating hormone 146. A man who has been exposed to high levels of gamma radiation is sterile ci to destruction of the germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules, although he has normal levels of testosterone. Which of the following would be found in this patient? A) Normal secretory pattern of gonadotropin-releasing hormone B) Normal levels of inhibin C) Suppressed levels of follicle-stimulating hormone D) Absence of Leydig cells 147. A patient has hypothyroidism due to a primary abnormality in the thyroid gland. Increased plasma levels of which of the following would most likely be reported? A) Cholesterol B) Thyroxine-binding globulin ©) Reverse triiodothyronine (RT3) D) Diiodotyrosine E) Iodide 36 ii Scanned by CamScanner(1) Endocrine: 1 D 2 E 3 D 4 A [5 fe 9 Ez | il E 12 c 13 A 16 B 17 B 18 A D C D B B 39 Scanned by CamScannerScanned by CamScanner41 Scanned by CamScanneroJ Ue MEDICINE4E plied Jol lg sai Keep walking towards your goal tme/medicine_46