Philosophy - love for wisdom Justification - process of proving the truth or validity

- Pursuit of wisdom of the statement.

- A search for general understanding of value Opinion - statements of judgement that needs further
and reality justification
- Seek to understand fundamental truths about - Unverified
themselves, the world they live in, relationship
to the world, and to other people Similarities:
- To understand philosophy is to engage on it 1. Should be accepted and respected
- Greek term 2. Sprung from an idea
● Philos - love 3. Can influence our life.
● Sophia - wisdom
Justified opinion - supported by a clear argument
Doing Philosophy Argument - serves to support a conclusion or
● Improves problem-solving and decision making explains the validity of an opinion
● Can contribute to self-development Claim - conclusion of an argument
● Learning from your mistakes and not repeating Premises - reasons used to support a conclusion
them again
● Evaluating and knowing the best choice from a Example:
set of options. ● There is no hope in the Philippines
● Gaining a holistic point of view first before government. (This statement is an Opinion)
making any conclusion. ● There is no hope in the Philippine government
because many officials are corrupt and Filipino
Perspective - aiding vision, relative distance and voters continue to elect them. (This is now an
position of an object opinion supported by an argument.)
Holistic - relating or concerned with complete rather ● The phrase ‘because many officials are
than individual parts corrupt’ is the claim.
● The phrase ‘Filipino voters continue to elect
Holistic Point of View them’ is the premises
● Look at all aspect of the given problem or
situation Domains Of Truth
● All aspects are given importance when making 1. Objective Domain - state of affairs
conclusion - Specific truth
- Supported by science, has empirical
Partial perspective evidence.
● Only looks at a limited number of aspects
● Conclusions are made based only on a part of 2. Social Domain - general or consensus,
a side of a problem or situation majority of people agrees
● Promotes little knowledge on the situation - Acceptability to a particular group in a
which leads to wrong conclusions particular time in history

Abstractive thinking - bird's eye view of the whole 3. Personal Domain - sincerity, authentic,
starts from basic perspective and enhancing that consistent.
perspective
Insights - using the mind to see the world Fallacy - a group of statements that appear to be
arguments but fail to support conclusion.
Reflection - vital in ensuring that our actions and - Opinions that are misleading
decisions are well thought out
Wisdom - a person's ability to apply knowledge to 4 Common Fallacy
daily life. 1. Argumentum ad hominem - argument
against the person.
Truth - related to science 2. Argumentum ad baculum - appeal to force
- Verified 3. Argumentum ad misericordiam - appeal to
- Also called objective truth pity
- Remains truth regardless of who views them 4. Argumentum ad populum - bandwagon
- Passed the procedures of justification fallacy, appeal to the masses.
Embodied existence - human existence is an 3 Approaches In Understanding Relationship Of
embodied existence. Human Person And Environment
- nagsa-katawang buhay
1. Cosmo-centric Approach - understanding
2 parts our relationship to the environment
● Body - We are the smaller version of the
● Soul universe
- When there is imbalance within the
Human Limitations - the body related aspects about person, there would also imbalance in
us are not products of our free choice. everything around it.
- Frustration of this kind puts the body in a - Greek word
negative light as it is some form of ● Micro - small
imprisonment. ● Cosmos - universe

1. Facticity - inborn limitations 2. Theo-centric Approach - understanding

- The things in our life that are already coming from a religious interpretation.
given - Humans are stewards of creations,
co-creator
2. Spatial-temporal Being - related to time and - Latin word
space ● Theo - God
● Spatial - we are born and that we exist
in a particular space and time. 3. Anthropocentric Approach - puts the human
● Temporality - we recognized our person in dominion over the earth, but
mortality and that we have limited time de-emphasizes the role of God.
- Uses science to control the
3. Body as intermediary - related to environment
experiences - Greek word
- Our body serves as an intermediary ● Anthropos - man
between us and the physical world.
Environmental Care Basis
Transcendence - going beyond the limits of the ● Health and wellness benefit
ordinary experience ● Sustainable development
- Latin word
● Trans - go beyond Prudence - the ability to have good judgement that
● Scandare - climb allows avoidance of dangers and risks.
- You will act, use and harness all available
Transcending Limitations resources possible in our environment
1. Facticity - change our attitude towards them. conservatively and intelligently and or course,
Historicity - we are history making with all due respect to the society and human
creatures, we are not limited to what life as well
nature has initially given us.
Frugality - act of using money or other resources
2. Spatial-temporal Being - appreciate what is wisely and practically
in the present, make the most out of that - quality of being thrifty, sparing or economical in
presence. the consumption of resources and avoiding
- Value the people an things around us waste, lavishness, or extravagance

3. Body as intermediary - be more creative in

our expression, experience what we want.

Environment - a complex whole of physical, chemical

and biotic factors
- Natural resources
- God given