User Manual

Type KITZ 101, 102

Interface Unit
 User Manual
Type KITZ 101, 102
Interface Unit

HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

A person's normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of several thousand volts.
Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices when handling electronic circuits can cause serious
damage, which often may not be immediately apparent but the reliability of the circuit will have been
reduced.
The electronic circuits of GEC ALSTHOM T&D Protection & Control Limited products are immune to the
relevant levels of electrostatic discharge when housed in their cases. Do not expose them to the risk of
damage by withdrawing modules unnecessarily.
Each module incorporates the highest practicable protection for its semiconductor devices. However, if it
becomes necessary to withdraw a module, the following precautions should be taken to preserve the high
reliability and long life for which the equipment has been designed and manufactured.
1. Before removing a module, ensure that you are at the same electrostatic potential as the equipment by
touching the case.
2. Handle the module by its front-plate, frame, or edges of the printed circuit board.
Avoid touching the electronic components, printed circuit track or connectors.
3. Do not pass the module to any person without first ensuring that you are both at the same electrostatic
potential. Shaking hands achieves equipotential.
4. Place the module on an antistatic surface, or on a conducting surface which is at the same
potential as yourself.
5. Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.
More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can be found in BS5783 and
IEC 147-0F.
If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of an equipment in service, it is preferable
that you are earthed to the case with a conductive wrist strap.
Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between 500k – 10M ohms. If a wrist strap is not available,
you should maintain regular contact with the case to prevent the build up of static. Instrumentation which may
be used for making measurements should be earthed to the case whenever possible.
GEC ALSTHOM T&D Protection & Control Limited strongly recommends that detailed investigations on the
electronic circuitry, or modification work, should be carried out in a Special Handling Area such as described
in BS5783 or IEC 147-0F.
Page 4
 Contents

SAFETY SECTION 7
1. INTRODUCTION 11
2. HANDLING AND INSTALLATION 11
2.1 General considerations 11
2.2. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) 11
2.3. Unpacking 12
2.4. Storage 12
3. KITZ FEATURES 12
4. CONNECTION 13
4.1 RS232 (IEC-870) connection 17
4.2 K-Bus connection 18
5. KITZ OPTION SWITCHES 19
5.1 Option switch settings 20
5.2 Data rate selection 20
5.3 RS232 (IEC-870) frame parity 20
5.4 Time tagging of K-Bus messages 21
5.5 Modem control 21
6. KITZ LED INDICATIONS 22
7. PROTOCOL CONVERSION 23
7.1 Message format 23
7.2 Message validation 23
7.3 Message time-out 24
7.4 Conversion sequences 24
7.5 Receive message buffering 24
8. KITZ ADDITIONAL FEATURES 25
8.1 Real time clock (RTC) synchronisation 25
9. TECHNICAL DATA 26
9.1 Ratings – auxiliary supply 26
9.2 Burden – auxiliary supply 26
9.3 Fuse Ratings 26
9.4 Accuracy 26
9.5 Operation indicator 26
9.6 Communication ports 27
9.7 Message buffers 28
9.8 High voltage withstand 28
9.9 Environmental 29
9.10 Mechanical tests 29
9.10.1 Vibration IEC 255-21-1 Class I 29
9.10.2 Shock and bump IEC 255-21-2 Class I 29
9.10.3 Seismic IEC 255-21-3 Class I 29
9.11 Enclosure protection IEC529 IP20 29
10. COMMISSIONING 30
10.1 Commissioning preliminaries 30
10.2 Auxiliary supply tests 31
10.3 Settings 32

Page 5
11. PROBLEM SOLVING 32
11.1 Green supply indication led is off 32
11.2 Fuse blows on power-up (KITZ 101 only). 32
11.3 IEC 870 receive indication is off when communicating with a master station 32
11.4 K-Bus receive indication is off when communicating with a master station
(and K relay) 32
11.5 Slow communications response (many retries) 33

Page 6
 SAFETY SECTION
This Safety Section should be read before commencing any work on the equipment.

Health and safety

The information in the Safety Section of the product documentation is intended
to ensure that products are properly installed and handled in order to maintain
them in a safe condition. It is assumed that everyone who will be associated
with the equipment will be familiar with the contents of the Safety Section.
Explanation of symbols and labels
The meaning of symbols and labels which may be used on the equipment or in
the product documentation, is given below.

Caution: refer to product documentation Caution: risk of electric shock

Protective/safety *earth terminal

Functional *earth terminal.

Note: this symbol may also be used for a protective/
safety earth terminal if that terminal is part of a
terminal block or sub-assembly eg. power supply.

*Note: The term earth used throughout the product documentation is the direct
equivalent of the North American term ground.

Installing, Commissioning and Servicing

Equipment connections
Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work on this
equipment should be aware of the correct working procedures to ensure safety.
The product documentation should be consulted before installing,
commissioning or servicing the equipment.
Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance may
present a hazardous voltage unless the equipment is electrically isolated.
If there is unlocked access to the rear of the equipment, care should be taken
by all personnel to avoid electric shock or energy hazards.

Page 7
Before energising the equipment it must be earthed using the protective earth
terminal, or the appropriate termination of the supply plug in the case of plug
connected equipment. Omitting or disconnecting the equipment earth may
cause a safety hazard.
The recommended minimum earth wire size is 2.5 mm2, unless otherwise stated
in the Technical Data section of the product documentation.
Before energising the equipment, the following should be checked:
Voltage rating and polarity;
CT circuit rating and integrity of connections;
Protective fuse rating;
Integrity of earth connection (where applicable)
Equipment operating conditions
The equipment should be operated within the specified electrical and
environmental limits.
Battery replacement
Where internal batteries are fitted they should be replaced with the
recommended type and be installed with the correct polarity, to avoid possible
damage to the equipment.
Insertion of modules and pcb cards
These must not be inserted into or withdrawn from equipment whilst it is
energised, since this may result in damage.
Current transformer circuits
Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high voltage produced
may be lethal to personnel and could damage insulation.
External resistors
Where external resistors are fitted to relays, these may present a risk of electric
shock or burns, if touched.
Insulation and dielectric strength testing
Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage.
At the end of each part of the test, the voltage should be gradually reduced to
zero, to discharge capacitors, before the test leads are disconnected.
Insertion and withdrawal of heavy current test plugs
When using a heavy current test plug, CT shorting links must be in place before
insertion or removal, to avoid potentially lethal voltages.
Fibre optic communication
Where fibre optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be viewed
directly. Optical power meters should be used to determine the operation or
signal level of the device.

Page 8
 Decommissioning and Disposal
Decommissioning: The auxiliary supply circuit in the relay may include
capacitors across the supply or to earth. To avoid electric
shock or energy hazards, after completely isolating the
supplies to the relay (both poles of any dc supply), the
capacitors should be safely discharged via the external
terminals prior to decommissioning.
Disposal: It is recommended that incineration and disposal to water
courses is avoided. The product should be disposed of in a
safe manner. Any products containing batteries should have
them removed before disposal, taking precautions to avoid
short circuits. Particular regulations within the country of
operation, may apply to the disposal of lithium batteries.

Page 9
Technical Specifications
Protective fuse rating
Refer to Section 9. Technical Data, item 9.3 Fuse Ratings.

Insulation class: IEC 1010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 This equipment requires a

Class I protective (safety) earth
EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 connection to ensure user
Class I safety.

Installation IEC 1010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 Distribution level, fixed

Category Category III installation. Equipment in
(Overvoltage): EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 this category is
Category III qualification tested at 5kV
peak, 1.2/50µs, 500Ω,
0.5J, between all supply
circuits and earth and also
between independent
circuits.

Environment: IEC 1010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 Compliance is

Pollution degree 2 demonstrated by reference
EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 to generic safety standards.
Pollution degree 2

Product safety: 73/23/EEC Compliance with the

European Commission
Low Voltage Directive.
EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 Compliance is
EN 60950: 1992/A3: 1995 demonstrated by reference
to generic safety standards.

Page 10
Section 1. INTRODUCTION

The K-Bus communication system was developed to allow connection of remote

K Range units (slaves) to a central point of access (a master control unit eg. a PC
and a KITZ unit), thus allowing remote control and monitoring functions to be
performed using an appropriate communication language. The system was
initially developed for use in the electrical supply industry at distribution voltage
levels, but can equally be applied to other voltage levels or indeed to other
systems which would benefit from such a communication system.
This document details the KITZ interface unit used in conjunction with
GEC ALSTHOM T&D Protection & Control K Range protection relays. It describes
the operation and features of the unit in sufficient detail to allow users to interface
this unit to other devices (PCs or MODEMS).
This guide should be used in conjunction with the service manual of the
equipment with which the KITZ is to be interfaced.
The unit allows conversion between the K-Bus data format and IEC-870 - 5 FT
1.2. data format. This enables (for example) a PC based master station to
communicate with K Range units (relays).

Section 2. HANDLING AND INSTALLATION

2.1 General considerations

2.1.1 Receipt of KITZ units
Although the KITZ interface unit is of a generally robust construction, the unit
requires careful treatment prior to use on site. Upon receipt, the unit should be
examined immediately, to ensure no damage has been sustained in transit.
If damage has been sustained during transit, a claim should be made to the
transport contractor, and a GEC ALSTHOM T&D Protection & Control
representative should be promptly notified.
2.2. Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
The KITZ unit uses components that are sensitive to electrostatic discharges.
The electronic circuits are well protected by the metal case and the internal
components should not be exposed by removal of the top or front of the case.
There are no user setting adjustments within the unit.
A person’s normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of
several thousand volts. Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices
when handling electronic circuits can cause serious damage, which often may
not be immediately apparent but the reliability of the circuit will have been
reduced.
When transporting the unit, care should be taken so that the RS232 port is not
subjected to ESD. Touching the case will ensure you are at the same electrostatic
potential as the unit.

Page 11
 If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of an
equipment in service, it is preferable that you are earthed to the case with a
conductive wrist strap. Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between
500k-10M ohms. If a wrist strap is not available, you should maintain regular
contact with the case to prevent a build-up of static. Instrumentation which may
be used for making measurements should be earthed to the case whenever
possible.
More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can
be found in BS 5783 and IEC 147-OF. It is strongly recommended that detailed
investigations on electronic circuitry, or modification work, should be carried out
in a Special Handling Area such as described in the above-mentioned BS and
IEC documents.
2.3. Unpacking
Care must be taken when unpacking and installing the unit to prevent damage.
2.4. Storage
If the KITZ unit is not to be installed immediately upon receipt it should be stored
in a place free from dust and moisture in the original carton. Where de-
humidifier bags have been included in the packing they should be retained.
The action of the de-humidifier crystals will be impaired if the bag has been
exposed to ambient conditions and may be restored by gently heating the bag
for about an hour, prior to replacing it in the carton.
Dust which collects on a carton may, on subsequent unpacking, find its way into
the unit; in damp conditions the carton and packing may become impregnated
with moisture and the de-humidifier will lose its efficiency.
Storage temperature –25°C to +70°C.

Section 3. KITZ FEATURES

The protocol converter features are as follows:

Choice of desktop (KITZ 101) or back of panel mounting (KITZ 102).
Wide range of auxiliary supply inputs.
Enables K-Bus to be interfaced with standard IEC 870-5 FT1.2 communication
links.
Converts K-Bus messages to IEC-870 format.
Converts IEC-870 messages to K-Bus format.
Allows alternative data communication rates and frame format on the
IEC-870 port.
Optionally adds a time tag to K Range reply messages.
Buffers incoming messages thus allowing transmission at lower speed.
Allows synchronisation of the real time clock via the communications.
Provides visual indication of communication operation.

Page 12
 Section 4.

Connection to K-Bus
K-Bus to IEC 870 interface
(KITZ 101)
CONNECTION

Page 13
US 2
KB
1

PC
Mains cable
RS232 link
serial port
K-Bus
to terminals 1 & 2
screen to
US 2
KB
1

K Range relays
Detail of earth link
& external resistor when fitted
A typical application connection arrangement for the KITZ 101 is shown below:

Figure 1a: Typical application of KITZ 101 interface unit.

 Connection to K-Bus
K-Bus to IEC 870 interface
(KITZ 102)

Page 14
US 2
KB
1

PC
RS232 link Auxiliary supply
serial port
K-Bus
to terminals 1 & 2
screen to
US 2
KB
1

K Range relays
Detail of earth link
& external resistor when fitted

Figure 1b: Typical application of KITZ 102 interface unit.

 Typical Typical Typical
K Range K Range K Range
shown below:

Relay Relay Relay

KITZ 101
L
K-Bus/IEC870 Interface
N
* 150R Terminals
2 1 54 54 54 * 150R
2 TX
3 RX
7 Signal ground 56 56 56
1 Protective ground
Screen Link
All points are * 2 off externally mounted resistor

Page 15
internally connected assemblies FT 0113 001 supplied with
K-Bus/IEC870 interface

IBM or compatible PC
(for pin assignment numbers
see table 1)
A schematic representation of a typical application connection arrangement is

Figure 2a: KITZ 101 IEC-870 (RS232) port to PC serial port connections.
 Typical Typical Typical
K Range K Range K Range
Relay Relay Relay
KITZ 102
K-Bus/IEC870 Interface
Auxiliary supply
dc voltage
* 150R Terminals
2 1 54 54 54 * 150R
2 TX
3 RX
7 Signal ground 56 56 56
1 Protective ground
Screen Link
All points are * 2 off externally mounted resistor

Page 16
internally connected assemblies FT 0113 001 supplied with
K-Bus/IEC870 interface

IBM or compatible PC
(for pin assignment numbers
see table 1)

Figure 2b: KITZ 102 IEC-870 (RS232) port to PC serial port connections.
4.1 RS232 (IEC-870) connection
4.1.1 Recommended cable
A standard PC serial port interface cable (with the connections listed in Table 1)
should be used. It is essential that the cable screen is earthed at one end to
ensure adequate screening. The connectors should be screw-locked to the KITZ
and the PC.
4.1.2 Cable length
The maximum recommended length of cable from the IEC-870 Communications
port is 15 metres (50 feet) or 2500 pF total cable capacitance. For longer
distance communication on the IEC-870 port an external RS485 interface may
be required.
4.1.3 Data rates
The maximum data communication rate specified in the RS232-c standard is
20 kbits/s. The KITZ unit will support faster communication data rates (up to
115.2 kbits/s) for use with development tools such as K-Spy.
The following table shows the connections required to interface a KITZ to a user
PC serial data port. These connections are for guidance only and reference
should be made to the PC user manual.
Note that the terms “Receive Data” and “Transmit Data” (in Tables 1 and 2)
refer to the named connector and not to a nominated end.

KITZ PC-at laptop PC or PS/2 Type

25 Pin ‘D’ male 9 Pin ‘D’ male 25 Pin ‘D’ male
connector (DTE) connector (DTE) connector (DTE)
1 – Protective Ground No Connection 1 – Protective Ground
See note
2 – Transmit Data 2 – Receive Data 3 – Receive Data
3 – Receive Data 3 – Transmit Data 2 – Transmit Data
7 – Signal Common 5 – Signal Common 7 – Signal Common
Connector Shell to
Cable Screen (see note)

Table 1 KITZ/PC RS232 port inter-connections.

Note: The RS232 cable screen should be connected to earth at one end only,
to prevent earth loops.
Pin 7 (Signal Common) or Pin 1 (Protective Ground) can be used as
an alternative to the Connector Shell.

Page 17
 The following table lists the complete (Modem Control) pin functions of the
KITZ and the PC:

Pin KITZ (DTE) PC AT LAPTOP PC or PS/2 Type

No Connector 9 Pin female connector 25 Pin male connector
(DTE) (DTE)
1 Protective Ground Carrier Detect (CD) Protective Ground
2 Transmit Data (Tx) Receive Data (Rx) Transmit Data (Tx)
3 Receive Data (Rx) Transmit Data (Tx) Receive Data (Rx)
4 Request To Send Data Terminal Ready Request To Send
(RTS) (DTR) (RTS)
5 Clear To Send (CTS) Signal Common Clear To Send (CTS)
6 Data Set Ready (DSR) Data Set Ready (DSR) Data Set Ready (DSR)
7 Signal Common Request To Send (RTS) Signal Common
8 Carrier Detect (CD) Clear To Send (CTS) Carrier Detect (CD)
9 Ring Indicator (RI)
20 Data Terminal Ready Data Terminal Ready
(DTR) (DTR)
22 Ring Indicator (RI)

Table 2 KITZ and PC RS232 port modem control connections.

4.2 K-Bus connection
4.2.1 Recommended cable
Twisted pair of wires with outer screen, to DEF STANDARD 16-2-2c 16 Strands
of 0.2mm diameter, 40mΩ per metre per core, 171pF per metre (core to core),
288pF per metre (core to screen).
4.2.2 Connection method
K-Bus is a multi-drop standard. The K-Bus cable extends from a KITZ interface unit
and is daisy-chained from one slave device to the next in a radial fashion. The
total K-Bus cable from the master control unit to the farthest slave device is known
as a spur. No branches may be made from the spur.
4.2.3 Cable termination
Four millimetre looped screw termination or fast-on connection (as per MIDOS
standard terminations). The outer screen should be earthed at one point of the
cable only, preferably at the connection to the KITZ unit. The transmission wires
should be terminated using a 150Ω resistor at both extreme ends of the cable.
4.2.4 Cable polarity
Polarisation is not necessary for the 2 twisted wires.

Page 18
4.2.5 Maximum cable (spur) length
The maximum cable length is 1000m.
4.2.6 Maximum slave devices per spur
The maximum number of devices per spur is 32.

Section 5. KITZ OPTION SWITCHES

KITZ 101 K-Bus TO IEC 870 INTERFACE

K-Bus IEC 870 OPTIONS

1
Rx Tx Rx Tx
0
01234567

K-Bus No
SCN 1 2 Vx V~

Figure 3a: KITZ 101 front plate layout and rear connections.

KITZ 102 K-Bus TO IEC 870 INTERFACE

K-Bus IEC 870 OPTIONS

Rx Tx Rx Tx 1

0
01234567

K-Bus No
SCN 1 2 Vx V

AUXILIARY SUPPLY
VOLTAGE

Figure 3b: KITZ 102 front plate layout and rear connections.

Page 19
5.1 Option switch settings
The option switches on the KITZ front plate allow the user to configure the KITZ to
suit the application requirements.
The following table lists the KITZ option switch functions.

Switch No. Function

0 to 2 RS232 (IEC-870) data rate selection
3 RS232 (IEC-870) frame format
4 Add IEC time tag to K-Bus message
5 Modem present
6 Modem set-up
7 Reserved

Table 3. KITZ option switch functions.

A switch function is operational when in the UP position (marked 1). The switch
position at power-up determines which features are enabled (or settings apply).
Any changes made to the switch positions while the supply is present will not
affect the operation.
5.2 Data rate selection
The three left-hand switches (switches 0 to 2) control the KITZ IEC-870 (RS232)
port data communication rate setting.
The RS232 port is capable of supporting asynchronous serial communication at
the data rates specified in Table 4. The corresponding switch settings are also
shown in the table.

Data Rate Switch 0 Switch 1 Switch 2

1200 Position 0 Position 0 Position 0
2400 Position 1 Position 0 Position 0
4800 Position 0 Position 1 Position 0
9600 Position 1 Position 1 Position 0
19200 Position 0 Position 0 Position 1
38400 Position 1 Position 0 Position 1
57600 Position 0 Position 1 Position 1
115200 Position 1 Position 1 Position 1

Table 4. KITZ IEC-870 (RS232) Port data rate selection.

5.3 RS232 (IEC-870) frame parity
The fourth switch (switch 3) allows the frame format of the RS232 (IEC-870)
communications port to be set to the following modes:
Position 0 Asynchronous 11 bit (1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 parity, 1 stop bit)
Position 1 Asynchronous 10 bit (1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit)

Page 20
 The normal operational mode of the KITZ unit uses the 11 bit frame format.
However, some equipment to which the KITZ unit is to be interfaced can only
support the 10 bit frame format (eg. most modems).
The use of the 10 bit frame format will result in a less secure communications
protocol which does not meet the IEC-870 - 5 FT 1.2 requirements.
5.4 Time tagging of K-Bus messages
The fifth switch (switch 4) appends an IEC-870 format time tag (using the KITZ
RTC‘s current time) to a received K-Bus message.
The KITZ Interface unit will insert an IEC-870 format time tag into a converted
IEC-870 courier message if all of the following conditions apply:
1) Switch 4 (fifth from left is set).
2) The message contains a millisecond timer count (DTL Type 38h - 3Bh).
3) The message contains a courier status byte (or bytes) (DTL Type 5Ch - 5Fh).
4) An IEC-870 time tag (DTL Type 3Ch - 3Fh) is not already contained before
the status byte within the message.
The IEC-870 time tag will be added after the millisecond count.
The time tag format is shown below.

IEC TIME Extended

DTL (EXT) Length ms. Minutes Hour Day Month Year
3C 07 0 - 59999 0 - 59 0 - 23 1 - 31 1 - 12 0 - 99

The IEC-870 time tag value is the time of reception of the first byte of the K-Bus
message.
If switch 4 is not set, the millisecond counter of the relay reply will be adjusted to
take account of protocol conversion delays.
5.5 Modem control
The Modem Set-up and Modem Present switches control the KITZ unit mode of
operation when connected to a modem. This is shown in the following table:

Modem Modem Function

Present Set-Up
(Switch 5) (Switch 6)
Position 0 Position 0 Normal operation - Modem control lines (CTS, DSR
and DCD) ignored. DTR always active, RTS reflects
Receive/Transmit state.
Position 1 Position 0 Modem control lines (CTS (Tx), DSR (Rx) and DCD
(Rx)) must be active to START (see note)
communication. DTR always active, RTS reflects
Receive/Transmit state.
Position 0 or 1 Position 1 Communication disabled on RS232
and K-Bus ports.

Table 5. KITZ RS232 modem control.

Page 21
 Note: DSR and DCD are only required to be active at the start of message
reception, while CTS is only required to be active at the start of message
transmission.

Section 6. KITZ LED INDICATIONS

The KITZ unit has five led indications.
The green led indicates that the KITZ unit is in the powered-up state. The four
yellow leds indicate the status of the K-Bus and IEC-870 communications.
The Receive K-Bus message led (K-Bus Rx) indicates that a message is being
received on the K-Bus communications port.
The Transmit K-Bus message led (K-Bus Tx) indicates that a message is being
transmitted on the K-Bus communications port.
The Receive IEC message led (IEC Rx) indicates that a message is being received
on the IEC-870 communications port.
The Transmit IEC message led (IEC Tx) indicates that a message is being
transmitted on the IEC-870 communications port.
A detailed description of the led indication operation is shown below.

Indication “On” State “Off” State

Green led Supply present No supply
K-Bus Rx When the first address (1) When the end of message is
character of the K-Bus received (Closing Flag 7Eh).
message is received. (2) When a time-out error occurs.
(3) When disabled (ie. when a
valid IEC-870 message has
been received on the other
channel).
K-Bus Tx When a K-Bus message is (1) When all message characters
ready for transmission have been transmitted
(loaded in transmit buffer). including the Closing Flag.
(2) When a time-out error occurs.
IEC 870 Rx When the first IEC-870 Start (1) When the end of message is
character (68h) of the received (IEC-870 Stop
IEC-870 message is received. character (16h) ).
(2) When a time-out error occurs.
(3) When disabled (ie. when
a valid K-Bus message has
been received on the
other channel)
IEC 870 Tx When an IEC-870 message is (1) When all message characters
ready for transmission (loaded have been transmitted.
in transmit buffer). (2) When a time-out error occurs.

Table 6. KITZ led indications.

Page 22
Section 7. PROTOCOL CONVERSION
7.1 Message format
The KITZ interface unit main function is to convert K-Bus message data to
IEC-870 - 5 FT1.2 format for communication with a PC.
The K-Bus message format is shown below:

PRE- START A0-5 0 Message DTL Control DTLs CRC CLOSING

AMBLE FLAG Length + Data FLAG
FFFFh 7Eh 0 61h 7Eh

The K-Bus frame is based upon the ISO High level Data Link Control (HDLC)
protocol. This is a bit-oriented protocol and eliminates much of the control
overhead associated with byte-oriented protocols. The information field of the
HDLC frame is totally transparent and the information can take on any form and
contain any binary bit combination.
The IEC-870 Message format as used by a PC-based K Range master station is
shown below:

START Message Message START Control A0-5 0 DTLs Check- CLOSING

FLAG Length Length FLAG + Data sum FLAG
68h 68h 0 16h

For further details of the IEC-870 - 5 FT1.2 message format see the appropriate
IEC specification.
7.2 Message validation
Message validation takes place during and after message reception.
7.2.1 K-Bus message validation
The framing of the K-Bus message must be correct (HDLC Start and Stop flags
present).
At the end of a frame:
a) CRC (HDLC)
b) Data overrun
c) Residue (HDLC information field is an exact number of bytes)
d) Correct message length (matches received message data)
During a frame:
a) Character time-out
b) Receive Buffer overflow
c) Message is too long
7.2.2 IEC message validation
The framing of the message must be correct for IEC-870 - 5 FT1.2.
At the start of a frame:
a) A correct header frame must be present (2 Starts + matching lengths).
Page 23
 b) A time of greater than 33 bit transmissions (at current baud rate) must have
elapsed since the last erroneous message
At the end of a frame:
a) Checksum is correct
b) A STOP character must be present.
During a frame:
a) Framing error
b) Overrun error
c) Character parity (if enabled)
d) Character time-out
e) Receive Buffer overflow
f) Message is too long
7.3 Message time-out
The KITZ unit uses timers to speed-up re-initialisation of message reception and
transmission when a message timing error occurs (on the K-Bus or IEC-870 port).
7.3.1 K-Bus timers
The received K-Bus message is checked for character gaps. The timer value is
2ms between characters.
The transmitted K-Bus message cannot take greater than 500ms to transmit.
7.3.2 RS232 (IEC-870) timers
These timer values are dependent on the data rate used (the data rate switch
position determines the timer value used).
The received IEC-870 message is checked for character gaps within the
message. The maximum gap allowable is 33 bits (at current data rate).
The transmitted IEC-870 message is not allowed to take greater than a
5,500 bit time period (at current data rate) to transmit.
Note: IEC-870 - 5 FT1.2 states that data transmitted in this format should not
have inter-character gaps. The KITZ unit transmits using this format, but
the receiver allows gaps as mentioned above. The 3 byte (33 bit) delay
after message error is adhered to.
7.4 Conversion sequences
When a valid message is received on one channel (either K-Bus or IEC-870),
the following operation occurs:
(1) the other channels receiver is disabled.
(2) the message is converted (IEC-870 to K-Bus or K-Bus to IEC-870).
(3) the message is transmitted on the other channel.
(4) the other channels receiver is re-enabled.
7.5 Receive message buffering
Under normal operating conditions the KITZ unit will not need to buffer received
messages because the master station will send a message and then wait for a
Page 24
 reply. However, if direct conversion is required message buffering will be
inevitable. If the received message data rate is higher than the transmitted data
rate, multiple message buffering (and eventual overflow) will occur. If the
received message data rate is lower than (or equal to) the transmitted data, only
one incoming message will have to be buffered while the previous message is
being transmitted.
The KITZ unit is capable of buffering up to 2048 bytes of message data (but not
exceeding 64 individual messages) on one channel while transmitting data on
the other channel. After this limit has been reached, received messages will be
ignored until space is available in the internal buffer (ie. a complete message has
been transmitted).
When multiple buffering of received messages occurs, the messages will be
converted and transmitted in the order in which they were received. The other
channel’s receiver will not be re-enabled until after all valid messages have been
converted and transmitted.

Section 8. KITZ ADDITIONAL FEATURES

8.1 Real time clock (RTC) synchronisation

The K-Bus protocol converter real time clock (RTC) can only be synchronised over
the IEC-870 communications link. A courier command allows setting of the RTC.
The command format is as follows:

Command Command IEC TIME Extended Milli- Minutes Hour Day Month Year
DTL Set IEC Length seconds.
Time DTL
(RTC) (EXT)
05 45 3C 07 0 - 59999 0 - 59 0 - 23 1 - 31 1 - 12 0 - 99

The protocol converter will check the incoming IEC-870 message for a
synchronise RTC (real time clock) command sequence and if found sets the RTC
to the specified time.
The ‘Synchronise RTC’ command must be the only command after the IEC control
byte within the message, otherwise normal protocol conversion occurs.
The RTC setting value sent by the master station should correspond to the start of
the transmitted message (to the KITZ unit).
If time-tagging of K-Bus messages is not required, the RTC need not be
synchronised.

Page 25
Section 9. TECHNICAL DATA

9.1 Ratings – auxiliary supply

Nominal Operative

KITZ 101
110/240V ac 87 – 265V ac 50/60Hz

KITZ 102
24/125V ac/dc 19 –150V dc
50 –133V ac 50/60Hz
48/250V ac/dc 33 – 300V dc
87 – 265V ac 50/60Hz

9.2 Burden – auxiliary supply

KITZ 101 (ac) <3VA
KITZ 102 (ac) <5VA
(dc) <3W
9.3 Fuse Ratings
KITZ 101
Maximum recommended fuse rating (HRC or time lag type) is 6A.
Internal fuse rating is 1.6AT 250V, 5x20mm.
KITZ 102
Maximum recommended fuse rating is 16A.
9.4 Accuracy
9.4.1 Real time clock (RTC)
RTC drift from setting at 20°C (over range –25°/+55°C) < 8s per 24 hours
Synchronisation Error: Time setting Error ±1.5ms*
Time Tagging Error: Current RTC Time Error +0 ms/–1ms
* If the RS232 (IEC-870) 10 bit frame format and a data rate of 1200 or
2400 bps are selected, synchronisation error is +2.0/–1.0ms.
9.4.2 Software communication timers
IEC data receive character gap timer: 33 bits +2.0/–0ms
IEC data receive error break timer: 33 bits +2.0/–0ms
IEC data transmit maximum transmit time: 5500 bits +2.0/–0ms
K-Bus data receive character gap timer: 2.0ms +0/–1.0ms
K-Bus data transmit maximum transmit time: 500ms +0/–1.0ms
9.5 Operation indicator
5 light emitting diodes - internally powered.

Page 26
9.6 Communication ports
9.6.1 K-Bus port
Language: COURIER
Transmission: Synchronous - RS485 voltage levels
Transmission Coding: Biphase space
(Differential Manchester)
Frame Format: HDLC
Baud Rate: 64k/bit per second
K-Bus Cable: Screened twisted pair
K-Bus cable length: 1000m of cable (maximum)
K-Bus Loading: 32 units (multi-drop system)
Isolation: 2kV rms for one minute
Voltage signals
(Based on RS485 differential voltage level):
Unloaded driver differential output: ±5V
Receiver input sensitivity: ±200mV

RS485
Driver/Receiver 1:1
Pair Isolating
Transformer
TxD

Tx/Rx 15V

RxD

Transient
Suppressor
7V5 7V5

Interference
Suppressor
Zener diodes
Ground

Figure 4: Circuit diagram of K-Bus electrical interface.

Page 27
9.6.2 IEC-870 (RS232) port
Language: COURIER
Transmission: Asynchronous - RS232 voltage levels
Transmission coding: NRZ
Frame format (switch 3 = position 0): Asynchronous - 11 bit
(1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 parity (even)
1 stop bit)
Frame format (switch 3 = position 1): Asynchronous - 10 bit
(1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity,
1 stop bit)
Baud rate: 1200 to 115200 bits per second
RS232 cable: RS232 serial interface lead
RS232 cable length: 15m of cable (maximum)
(or 2500pF total cable capacitance)
RS232 Loading: 2 units (point to point system)
9.7 Message buffers
K-Bus
Receive Data Buffer Size: 2048 bytes or 64 messages
IEC-870
Receive Data Buffer Size: 2048 bytes or 64 messages
9.8 High voltage withstand
The high voltage withstand tests can be performed on the following independent
circuits:
Auxiliary supply
K-Bus communication port
The IEC 870 port is earthed locally and should not be tested for high voltage
withstand. It is protected by the cable screen.
9.8.1 Dielectric test (Insulation) IEC 255-5, BS 5992-3
2.0kV rms for one minute between all terminals wired together and case earth.
2.0kV rms for one minute between terminals of independent circuits.
9.8.2 High voltage impulse IEC255-5, BS 5992-3
5kV peak, 1.2/50µs, 0.5J between all terminals of independent circuits and
terminals of independent circuits to case earth.
0kV peak on IEC-870 port
9.8.3 High frequency disturbance IEC255-22-1, BS 142-1.4.1
Class III 2.5kV peak between independent circuits and independent circuits
to case.
Class III 1.0kV between terminals of same circuit
0kV peak on IEC-870 port

Page 28
9.8.4 Electrical fast transient IEC255-22-4, BS 142-1.4.4, IEC 801-4
Auxiliary supply Class III 2kV
K-Bus communication port Class III 2 kV – capacitive coupling
IEC-870 Port None
9.8.5 Electrostatic discharge IEC 255-22-2, IEC 801-2
Class II 4kV – point contact discharge.
Note: The IEC-870 port will not withstand electrostatic discharges (air or
contact).
9.9 Environmental
9.9.1 Temperature IEC 68-2-1, BS 2011 Part 2.1A & IEC 68-2-2, BS 2011 Part 2.1B
Storage and transit: –25°C to +70°C
Operating: –25°C to +55°C
9.9.2 Humidity IEC68-2-3, BS 2011 Part 2.1 Ca
56 days at 93% relative humidity and +40°C
9.10 Mechanical tests
9.10.1 Vibration IEC 255-21-1 Class I
9.10.2 Shock and bump IEC 255-21-2 Class I
9.10.3 Seismic IEC 255-21-3 Class I
9.11 Enclosure protection IEC529 IP20
9.12 Battery
Replacement
See Section 11. Problem Solving.
Disposal
The battery should be removed from the unit and have any connection leads
removed before disposal, taking precautions to avoid short circuits. Particular
regulations within the country of operation may apply to the disposal of lithium
batteries.

Page 29
9.13 Model numbers
KITZ 10 X X AE

Power supply
AC only 1
AC/DC 2

Mounting arrangement
Desk top X
Back of panel Y

Auxiliary supply
24/125V dc or 110/125V ac 2
48/250V dc or 110/240V ac 5

Section 10. COMMISSIONING

10.1 Commissioning preliminaries

The KITZ unit should be commissioned in conjunction with the K Range Protection
Access Software & Toolkit (running on a PC) and (at least) one K Range relay.
See R8514 Protection Access Software & Toolkit or publication R8515 Courier
Access Software which are provided with the software.
10.1.1 Module connection
Reference should be made to Section 3 of this manual and to the user manual of
the computer (PC) on which the Protection Access Software & Toolkit is to be run.
10.1.2 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
See recommendations in Section 2 of this user manual before handling the
module.
10.1.3 Inspection
Carefully examine the unit and case to see that no damage has occurred since
installation.
10.1.4 Earthing
10.1.4.1 Mains earthing
The KITZ unit must be earthed.
Page 30
 If the mains supply has no earth connection, the KITZ interface unit earthing
connection on the rear of the case must be used to connect the unit to a local
(mains) earth.
10.1.4.2 K-Bus earthing
The K-Bus cable screen should only be connected to earth at one point in the
communication system. This will normally involve connecting the cable at the
master station end to the KITZ interface unit earth connection and not at any
other point.
10.1.5 Insulation
Insulation tests only need to be done when required.
Isolate all wiring from the earth and test the insulation with an electronic or
brushless insulation tester at a DC voltage not exceeding 1000V. Terminals of
the same circuits should be temporarily strapped together.
The main groups on the relays are given below:
Auxiliary voltage supply
K-Bus Communication port
Case earth
This test should not be performed on the IEC870 (RS232) communications port.
10.1.6 Equipment required
The KITZ units require the following:
AC/DC voltmeter 0–300V
A portable PC, with Protection Access Software & Toolkit and a K Range relay
are essential for commissioning the KITZ K-Bus/IEC 870 interface unit.
10.2 Auxiliary supply tests
The unit will operate from either a 110V/120V or 220/240V ac auxiliary
supply, or a 24/125V or 48/250V dc auxiliary supply depending on the
version. The incoming voltage must be within the operating range specified in
Table 7.

Nominal Operative

KITZ 101
110/240V ac 87 – 265V ac 50/60Hz

KITZ 102
24/125V ac/dc 19 –150V dc
50 –133V ac 50/60Hz
48/250V ac/dc 33 – 300V dc
87 – 265V ac 50/60Hz

Table 7. KITZ auxiliary supply rating.

The green supply indication should be on when the auxiliary supply voltage is
greater than the minimum specified level.

Page 31
10.3 Settings
When the KITZ interface unit is used to allow a PC (running master station
software) to communicate with K Range relays (ie. normal operation), the
following applies:
Check baud rate (option switches 0-2) setting on the IEC-870 (RS232) port
corresponds to the data communication rate of the master station. The standard
setting is 9600 bps and the following option switch position apply:
Option Switch 0 is set to 1 (Up)
Option Switch 1 is set to 1 (Up)
Option Switch 2 is set to 0 (Down)
Option Switch 3 (RS232 (IEC870) frame format) should be set to the 0 (Down)
position.
Option Switch 4 (Add IEC time-tag) should be set to the 1 (Up) position.
Option Switches 5 and 6 (Modem Present and Modem Set-up) should be set to
the 0 (Down) position.
Option Switch 7 (reserved) should be set to the 0 (Down) position.
The option switch settings are applied at power-up.
If changes are made to the settings, the auxiliary supply must be switched off.
The unit is re-energised after at least 5 seconds.

Section 11. PROBLEM SOLVING

Common operational faults are listed in this section. The solutions offered are for
guidance only.
11.1 Green supply indication led is off
Check correct auxiliary supply is present (ie. no supply).
Check fuse.
11.2 Fuse blows on power-up (KITZ 101 only).
Check that excessive auxiliary supply voltage is not being used.
11.3 IEC 870 receive indication is off when communicating with a master station
Check data rate selection for IEC-870 (RS232) port is identical to that of the
master station.
Power-down the unit and then power-up the unit to guarrantee the switch settings.
Check master station is polling for data.
11.4 K-Bus receive indication is off when communicating with a master station
(and K relay)
Relay is not communicating (incorrect address/not configured etc.): refer to the
appropriate K Range service manual.

Page 32
 Incorrect connection and/or termination resistor fitted to K-Bus of wrong value or
missing altogether.
11.5 Slow communications response (many retries)
No termination resistor fitted to K-Bus, or incorrect value.
11.6 Real time clock corruption
The battery within the KITZ 101, 102 is provided to maintain the real time clock
to the correct time following an interruption of the ac/dc voltage supply to the
unit. Corruption of the real time clock can occur if the voltage across the battery
drops below the accepted minimum level and an interruption in power supply
takes place. This may be evident by invalid real time clock data within the
Courier response message of the slave devices connected to the unit. The voltage
across the battery should be measured with the supply voltage removed and if
found to be less than 3.5V, the unit should be returned to GEC ALSTHOM T&D
Protection & Control Limited for replacement of the battery.

Page 33
 216.0

205.0

V~
163.0

No
Vx 2
K-Bus
1
SCN
65.5 57.5

Rubber mounting feet

Figure 5a: Outline drawing for KITZ 101

216.0

205.0
179.0
AUXILIARY SUPPLY
VOLTAGE

181.0
V

174.0 163.0
No
Vx 2
K-Bus
1
SCN

4 (Typ)
4 off mounting lugs

57.5

Figure 5b: Outline drawing for KITZ 102

Page 34
Page 35
 GEC ALSTHOM T&D PROTECTION & CONTROL LIMITED
St Leonards Works, Stafford ST17 4LX, England
Tel: 44 (0) 1785 223251 Telex: 36240 Fax: 44 (0) 1785 212232

GEC ALSTHOM T&D PROTECTION & CONTROLE

Avenue de Figuières - 34975 Lattes Cedex - France
Tél: (33) 4 67 20 54 54 Télex: 485 093 F Fax: (33) 4 67 20 54 99
Email: enquiries@pcs.gecalsthom.co.uk – Internet: www.gecalsthomgpc.co.uk
Our policy is one of continuous product development and the right is reserved to supply equipment which may vary from that described.
©1997 GEC ALSTHOM T&D Protection & Control Limited.

Publication R8521F Printed in England.