Tahlil va tarjima:

📌 "Beneath the white blanket of Antarctica" – "Antarktidaning oq yostig‘i ostida"

 beneath – "ostida, pastida".
 white blanket – "oq yostiq/yostiqchasi".
 Antarctica – "Antarktida".
📌 "lies half a continent of virtually uncharted territory" – "deyarli xaritalanmagan
hududning yarim kontinenti yotadi"
 lies – "yotadi, joylashgan".
 half a continent – "yarim kontinent".
 virtually uncharted – "deyarli xaritalanmagan".
 territory – "hudud, maydon".
Umumiy tarjima:
👉 "Antarktidaning oq yostig‘i ostida deyarli xaritalanmagan hududning yarim kontinenti yotadi."
Tahlil va tarjima:
📌 "recently" – "so‘nggi paytlarda"
 Bu so‘z yaqin vaqt ichida amalga oshirilgan harakat yoki voqeani bildiradi.
📌 "russian and british glaciologists" – "rossiyalik va britaniyalik muzshunoslar"
 glaciologists – "muzshunoslar" (muzlar va muzliklarni o‘rganadigan olimlar).
📌 "identified" – "aniqladilar"
 Bu so‘z nimanidir topish yoki tasdiqlashni anglatadi.
📌 "an immense lake" – "ulkan ko‘l"
 immense – "ulkan, katta".
 lake – "ko‘l".
📌 "one of earth's largest and deepest" – "yer yuzidagi eng katta va chuqur ko‘llardan biri"
 largest – "eng katta".
 deepest – "eng chuqur".
📌 "buried beneath 4000 of ice" – "4000 metr muz ostida dafn etilgan"
 buried – "dafn etilgan, yashirilgan".
 beneath – "ostida".
 4000 of ice – "4000 metr muz".
📌 "immediately below russia's vostok station" – "russia ning vostok stantsiyasining
to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri ostida"
 immediately below – "to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri ostida".
 Vostok station – "Vostok stantsiyasi" (Antarktidadagi Rossiyaning ilmiy stantsiyasi).
Umumiy tarjima:
👉 "So‘nggi paytlarda, rossiyalik va britaniyalik muzshunoslar yer yuzining eng katta va chuqur
ko‘llaridan biri bo‘lgan, 4000 metr muz ostida dafn etilgan ulkan ko‘lni aniqladilar, to‘g‘ridan-
to‘g‘ri Rossiyaning Vostok stantsiyasining ostida."

Tahlil va tarjima:
📌 "an area so completely hidden" – "shunday yashiringan hudud"
 area – "hudud".
 so completely hidden – "shunday yashiringan, to‘liq yashiringan".
📌 "that scientists have little clue" – "ki, olimlarning juda kam ma'lumotlari bor"
 scientists – "olimlar".
 have little clue – "kam ma'lumotlarga ega bo‘lish".
📌 "what riches await discovery" – "qanday boyliklar kashf qilinishni kutmoqda"
 riches – "boyliklar".
 await – "kutmoq, kutib turmoq".
 discovery – "kashfiyot".
Tahlil va tarjima:
 "Exploration of Lake Vostok" – "Vostok ko‘lini o‘rganish"
o Exploration – "o‘rganish, tadqiqot".
o Lake Vostok – "Vostok ko‘li" (Antarktida muz ostidagi ulkan ko‘l).
 "is coordinated by Russia" – "Rossiya tomonidan muvofiqlashtiriladi"
o is coordinated – "muvofiqlashtiriladi, boshqariladi".
o by Russia – "Rossiya tomonidan".
Tahlil va tarjima:
 "The water depth appears to be 500 m" – "Suv chuqurligi 500 metr bo‘lishi mumkin"
o Water depth – "suv chuqurligi".
o Appears to be – "bo‘lishi mumkin", "ko‘rinadi".
o 500 m – "500 metr".
 "according to seismic experiments carried out by Russian researchers" – "Rossiyalik
tadqiqotchilar tomonidan o‘tkazilgan seysmik tajribalarga ko‘ra"
o According to – "ga ko‘ra, asosida".
o Seismic experiments – "seysmik tajribalar".
o Carried out – "o‘tkazilgan, bajarilgan".
o By Russian researchers – "Rossiyalik tadqiqotchilar tomonidan".
Umumiy tarjima:
👉 "Rossiyalik tadqiqotchilar tomonidan o‘tkazilgan seysmik tajribalarga ko‘ra, suv chuqurligi
500 metr bo‘lishi mumkin."
 These factors – "Ushbu omillar".
 Have helped – "yordam bergan" (present perfect zamon).
 Lakes develop – "ko‘llarning rivojlanishi" yoki "ko‘llarning shakllanishi".
 Across much of – "katta qismlarida", "ko‘p joylarida".
 Thickly blanketed – "qalin qoplangan".
 East Antarctica – "Sharqiy Antarktida".

"As details have emerged" – "Tafsilotlar paydo bo‘lgani sari" yoki "Tafsilotlar oshkor
bo‘lgani sayin"
Tahlil:
 As – "sari", "sayin" (biror narsa davomida yoki natijasida o‘zgarish yuz berayotganini
bildiradi).
 Details – "tafsilotlar", "ma'lumotlar".
 Have emerged – "paydo bo‘ldi", "oshkor bo‘ldi" (present perfect zamon).
👉 Qachondir noaniq bo‘lgan ma'lumotlar asta-sekin aniqlashgani yoki paydo bo‘lgani
haqida gapirilmoqda.
"As" kelgan gaplarni tarjima qilish qiyin bo‘lsa, u qanday ma’noda kelganini tushunib, o‘sha
kontekstga mos tarjima qilish kerak. As ko‘p ma’noga ega, lekin eng asosiylari quyidagilar:
1. "Sari", "sayin", "bilan birga" (parallel o‘zgarish yoki jarayon)
As details have emerged, scientists have become more interested.
– Tafsilotlar oshkor bo‘lgani sari, olimlar ko‘proq qiziqish bildirmoqda.
As time passed, he became more experienced.
– Vaqt o‘tgani sari, u tajribaliroq bo‘ldi.

2. "Chunki", "bo‘lgani uchun" (sababli bog‘lovchi)

As it was raining, we stayed inside.
– Yomg‘ir yog‘ayotgani uchun, biz ichkarida qoldik.
As I was tired, I went to bed early.
– Charchaganligim uchun, men erta uxladim.

3. "Qanday bo‘lsa, shunday", "dek", "sifatida" (taqqoslash yoki rolni bildiradi)

He behaved as a leader.
– U yetakchi sifatida harakat qildi.
Do as I say!
– Men aytgandek qil!

Qanday tarjima qilish kerak?

Gapni tarjima qilishdan oldin as qaysi ma’noda kelganini aniqlash kerak:
✅ Agar vaqt bilan bog‘liq bo‘lsa – "sari", "sayin"
✅ Agar sababni bildirsa – "chunki", "bo‘lgani uchun"
✅ Agar taqqoslash yoki rol bildirsa – "dek", "sifatida"
Tarjimasi:
Tobora ko‘payib borayotgan olimlar qiziqish bildirmoqda, o‘nlab tadqiqotchilar esa "Vostok
ko‘li" deb nomlanuvchi xususiyatni o‘rganishga ishtiyoqmand.
So‘zma-so‘z tarjima va tushuntirish:
 A growing number of scientists → Tobora ko‘payib borayotgan olimlar
 are showing interest → qiziqish bildirmoqda
 with dozens of investigators → o‘nlab tadqiqotchilar bilan
 keen to explore the feature → bu xususiyatni o‘rganishga ishtiyoqmand
 known as Lake Vostok → "Vostok ko‘li" deb nomlanuvchi
💡 Izoh:
 A growing number of → "Tobora ortib borayotgan" degan ma’noni bildiradi.
 Keen to explore → "O‘rganishga ishtiyoqmand" yoki "kuchli istak bildirmoqda"
deb tarjima qilish mumkin.
Agar tushunarsiz joy bo‘lsa, so‘ra! 😊
4o
You said:
keen to explore so'z birikmami
ChatGPT said:
Ha, "keen to explore" so‘z birikmasi hisoblanadi.
Tushuntirish:
 keen (on sth / to do sth) → biror narsaga qiziqish bildirmoq, ishtiyoqmand bo‘lish
 explore → o‘rganmoq, tadqiq qilmoq
"Keen to explore" → o‘rganishga qiziqish bildirayotgan, ishtiyoq bilan o‘rganmoqchi bo‘lgan
degan ma’noni anglatadi.
Misollar:
✅ She is keen to explore new cultures. → U yangi madaniyatlarni o‘rganishga qiziqadi.
✅ Scientists are keen to explore the deep ocean. → Olimlar chuqur okeanni o‘rganishga
ishtiyoqmand.
Bu mustahkam so‘z birikma (collocation) bo‘lib, ko‘pincha shu shaklda ishlatiladi. Agar yana
tushunmovchilik bo‘lsa, bemalol so‘rashing mumkin! 😊
4o
You said:
keen on sth
ChatGPT said:
"Keen on something" → biror narsaga juda qiziqish bildirmoq, ishtiyoqmand bo‘lish degan
ma’noni anglatadi.
Tuzilishi:
✅ keen on + noun (ot)
✅ keen on + verb-ing (gerund)
Misollar:
1. She is keen on football. → U futbolga juda qiziqadi.
2. He is keen on learning new languages. → U yangi tillarni o‘rganishga ishtiyoqmand.
3. I’m not really keen on spicy food. → Men achchiq taomlarni unchalik yoqtirmayman.
Farqi:
 "Keen to do something" → biror ishni qilishni xohlash yoki ishtiyoqmand bo‘lish.
 "Keen on something" → biror narsaga (mashg‘ulot, hobbi) qiziqish bildirish.
Misol uchun:
✅ I am keen on photography. → Men fotografiyaga qiziqaman.
✅ I am keen to take a photography course. → Men fotografiya kursiga borishni xohlayapman.
Farqni tushundingmi? 😊
4o
You said:
a thick layer of sediment at the bottom of the lake could hold novel clues to the planet's climate
going back tens of millions of years.
ChatGPT said:
Gapning tarjimasi:
Kölnining tubidagi qalin cho‘kindilar qatlami sayyoramiz iqlimi haqida o‘n millionlab yillarga
borib taqaluvchi yangi dalillarni saqlashi mumkin.
Tuzilishi:
 a thick layer of sediment → qalin cho‘kindilar qatlami
 at the bottom of the lake → kölnining tubida
 could hold → saqlashi mumkin
 novel clues → yangi dalillar
 to the planet's climate → sayyoraning iqlimi haqida
 going back tens of millions of years → o‘n millionlab yillarga borib taqaluvchi
Tushunarli bo‘ldimi? 😊
4o
You said:
going back
ChatGPT said:
"Going back" bu yerda "qaytib boruvchi" yoki "o‘tgan davrlarni qamrab oluvchi" degan
ma'noni anglatadi.
Misolda ishlatilishi:
 Going back tens of millions of years → O‘n millionlab yillarga borib taqaluvchi
Boshqa misollar:
1. This tradition goes back centuries.
→ Bu an’ana asrlar oldinga borib taqaladi.
2. Our friendship goes back to childhood.
→ Bizning do‘stligimiz bolaligimizga borib taqaladi.
Ya’ni, "go back" yoki "going back" o‘tgan zamondagi biror voqea yoki jarayon qanchalik
uzoq vaqtga borib taqalishini ifodalaydi.
Tushunarli bo‘ldimi? 😊
4o
You said:
by looking at the ration of different oxygen isotopes , scientist should be able to trace how earth's
temperature changed over the millenia
ChatGPT said:
Bu gapni tushuntirib beraman:
Tarkibi va ma’nosi
"By looking at the ratio of different oxygen isotopes" → "Turli xil kislorod izotoplarining
nisbatiga qarab"
"scientists should be able to trace" → "olimlar kuzatishlari mumkin"
"how earth's temperature changed over the millennia" → "Yer harorati ming yilliklar
davomida qanday o'zgarganini"
To‘liq tarjima
"Turli xil kislorod izotoplarining nisbatiga qarab, olimlar Yer haroratining ming yilliklar
davomida qanday o‘zgarganini kuzatishlari mumkin."
Muhim tushunchalar:
1. Ratio → nisbati, ulushi
2. Isotopes → izotoplar (bir xil elementning turli xil neytron soniga ega atomlari)
3. Trace → kuzatmoq, iziga tushmoq
4. Millennia (millennium - birlik shakli) → ming yilliklar
Tushunarli bo‘ldimi? 😊
4o
You said:
NASA has expressed interest in Lake Vostok because of its similarity to Europa.
ChatGPT said:
Tarkibi va ma’nosi
"NASA has expressed interest in Lake Vostok" → "NASA Vostok ko‘liga qiziqish
bildirdi"
"because of its similarity to Europa." → "chunki u Europaga o‘xshash."
To‘liq tarjima
"NASA Vostok ko‘liga qiziqish bildirdi, chunki u Europaga o‘xshash."
Muhim tushunchalar:
1. Express interest → qiziqish bildirmoq
2. Similarity → o‘xshashlik, o‘xshash tomonlar
3. Europa → Yupiterning muz bilan qoplangan tabiiy yo‘ldoshi
NASA Europa bilan bog‘liq tadqiqotlar olib borayotgani uchun, Vostok ko‘li uning muz ostidagi
suyuq suvga ega bo‘lishi mumkin bo‘lgan sharoitlarini o‘rganish uchun qiziqarli model sifatida
ko‘rilmoqda.
Tushunarli bo‘ldimi? 😊
4o
You said:
express interest birikmami ozi
ChatGPT said:
Ha, "express interest" – bu birikma va "qiziqish bildirmoq" degan ma'noni anglatadi.
"Express interest" qanday ishlatiladi?
Bu birikma "in" predlogi bilan ishlatiladi:
 NASA has expressed interest in Lake Vostok.
(NASA Vostok ko‘liga qiziqish bildirdi.)
 She expressed interest in learning French.
(U fransuz tilini o‘rganishga qiziqish bildirdi.)
Bu iborani odatda rasmiy yoki ilmiy kontekstda ishlatishadi, ayniqsa tadqiqotlar, biznes yoki
ishbilarmonlik sohalarida.
Tushunarli bo‘ldimi? 😊
4o
You said:
This moon of Jupiter appears to have a water ocean covered by a thick ice sheet, measuring
perhaps tens of kilometers in depth.
ChatGPT said:
Bu Yupiterning oyi suvli okeanga ega bo‘lib, u qalin muz qatlami bilan yopilgan, uning
chuqurligi ehtimol yuzlab kilometrni tashkil qiladi.
4o mini
You said:
tarkibi va ma'nosi , to'liq tarjimasi , muhim tushunchalari
ChatGPT said:
Gapning tarkibi va ma'nosi:
Tarkibi:
 This moon of Jupiter – Yupiterning bu oyi
 appears to have – suvli okean bor ko‘rinadi
 a water ocean – suvli okean
 covered by – bilan yopilgan
 a thick ice sheet – qalin muz qatlami
 measuring perhaps tens of kilometers in depth – ehtimol yuzlab kilometr chuqurlikka
ega deb o‘ylashmoqda
To‘liq tarjimasi: "Yupiterning bu oyi suvli okeanga ega bo‘lib, u qalin muz qatlami bilan
yopilgan, uning chuqurligi ehtimol yuzlab kilometrni tashkil qiladi."
Muhim tushunchalar:
1. Moon of Jupiter – Yupiterning oyi. Yupiterning oylaridan biri haqida gap boradi.
2. Water ocean – Suvli okean. Suvning katta maydoni, bu oydagi suvlardan tashkil topgan
okean haqidagi ma'lumot.
3. Covered by a thick ice sheet – Qalin muz qatlami bilan yopilgan. Muzning qatlami bu
oyni yopib turishi haqida.
 4. Tens of kilometers in depth – Yuzlab kilometr chuqurlikda. Suvli okean qanchalik
chuqurligini va bu chuqurlikning taxminan qancha bo‘lishi mumkinligini bildiradi.
Bu jumla Yupiterning bir oyida mavjud bo‘lishi mumkin bo‘lgan suvli okean va muzli qoplama
haqidagi ilmiy taxminlarga asoslangan ma'lumotni ifodalaydi.

Appear" va "measuring perhaps" so'zlarining ma'nosi quyidagicha:

1. Appear – Bu yerda "appear" so'zi "ko'rinadi" yoki "ko'rinishicha" degan ma'noni
anglatadi. Ya'ni, biror narsa qandaydir ko'rinishda, ammo aniq emas, balki ehtimoliy
ravishda bor degan tasavvur hosil qiladi.
Misol: This moon of Jupiter appears to have a water ocean – Yupiterning bu oyi suvli okeanga
ega ko'rinadi (ya'ni, ilmiy tadqiqotlarga ko'ra, bu oydagi okean mavjud bo'lishi mumkin, ammo
bu hali to'liq tasdiqlanmagan).
2. Measuring perhaps – Bu ifoda "ehtimol o'lchov" degan ma'noni beradi. "Perhaps" so'zi
"ehtimol" yoki "yaxshi bo'lishi mumkin" degan ma'noni bildiradi. Bu yerda, "measuring
perhaps" degan jumla, suvlari qanchalik chuqurligini aniq bilmasdan, faqat taxmin
qilishni anglatadi.
Misol: measuring perhaps tens of kilometers in depth – ehtimol yuzlab kilometr chuqurlikda
o'lchanmoqda (bu yerda chuqurlikni o'lchashda aniq raqamlar berilmagan, balki taxmin
qilinmoqda).
Umuman olganda, bu jumlada "appear" nisbatan ehtimoliy bir narsaning mavjudligini
ko'rsatmoqda, "measuring perhaps" esa bu narsaning o'lchovini aniq bilmasdan, faqat taxmin
qilib aytilgan.
Tarjimasi: Agar muz ostida gidrotermal kompyuterlar mavjud bo'lsa, Yevropada kimyoviy
reaktsiyalar hayotning molekulyar qurilish bloklarini yaratgan bo'lishi mumkin, agar bu o'zi
hayotni yaratmagan bo'lsa.
Tushuntirish:
 Hydrothermal vents – Bu yerda "gidrotermal kompyuterlar" (yoki gidrotermal
o'choqlar) yer osti yoki suv ostidagi issiq manbalar bo'lib, ular suvda kimyoviy
reaksiyalarni yuzaga keltiradi.
 Beneath the ice – "Muz ostida" bu muz qatlamining pastida joylashgan joyni bildiradi.
 Chemical reactions – Kimyoviy reaktsiyalar, ya'ni birikmalar o'rtasidagi kimyoviy
o'zgarishlar.
 Molecular building block for life – Hayotning molekulyar qurilish bloki – bu hayot
uchun zarur bo'lgan kimyoviy elementlar yoki birikmalar (masalan, aminokislotalar,
DNK va boshqalar).
 If not life itself – Agar hayotning o'zi yaratilmadi, degan ehtimolni bildiradi. Bu yerda u
hayotning boshlanishini yoki undan avvalgi jarayonlarni tasavvur qiladi.
Tushuncha: Jumla Yupiterning Yevropa oyi haqida gapirayotgan bo'lib, agar muz ostida issiq
gidrotermal kompyuterlar mavjud bo'lsa, ular kimyoviy reaksiyalarni yaratib, hayotning
molekulyar tarkibiy qismlarini hosil qilishi mumkinligini anglatadi. Bunday jarayonlar hayotning
kelib chiqishini boshlashga yordam bergan bo'lishi mumkin, agar to'liq hayot o'zi shakllanmagan
bo'lsa.
Mana, har bir so'zni alohida tarjima qilaman:
1. if – agar
2. hydrothermal – gidrotermal (suv va issiq manbalar bilan bog'liq)
3. vents – kompyuterlar, portlar, o'choqlar (bu holatda gidrotermal issiq manbalar)
 4. exist – mavjud bo'lish, mavjud
5. beneath – ostida, pastida
6. the – (belgilovchi artikl, "bu" yoki "shunday")
7. ice – muz
8. chemical – kimyoviy
9. reactions – reaktsiyalar, o'zgarishlar
10. on – ustida, bo'yicha
11. Europa – Yevropa (Jupiter oyining nomi)
12. could – mumkin, qila olardi
13. have – ega bo'lish, mavjud bo'lish (bu yerda yordamchi fe'l sifatida ishlatilgan)
14. created – yaratgan
15. the – (belgilovchi artikl, "bu" yoki "shunday")
16. molecular – molekulyar
17. building – qurilish, yaratish
18. block – blok, bo'lak, qism
19. for – uchun
20. life – hayot
21. if – agar
22. not – emas
23. life – hayot
24. itself – o'zi (o'zi o'zi)
Umid qilamanki, bu sizga yordam beradi! Agar so'zlar yoki tarjimalar bilan bog'liq qo'shimcha
savollar bo'lsa, so'rang.
4o mini
You said:
vostok would be an ideal testing ground for technology that would eventually fly to europa or
places even more distant , say many scientists
ChatGPT said:
Mana, gapning tarjimasi va so'zlarning tarjimalari:
Tarjima: Ko'plab olimlarning ta'kidlashicha, Vostok Yevropaga yoki undan ham uzoqroqqa
uchadigan texnologiyalarni sinovdan o'tkazish uchun ideal maydon bo'lishi mumkin.
So'zlar tarjimasi:
1. Vostok – Vostok (Rossiyaning muzlatilgan stantsiyasi nomi)
2. would be – bo'ladi (boshqa holatlar, ehtimoliy holat)
3. an – (belgilovchi artikl, "bir")
4. ideal – ideal, mukammal
5. testing – sinov, tekshirish
6. ground – maydon, hudud
7. for – uchun
8. technology – texnologiya
9. that – bu, u
10. would – (yordamchi fe'l, ehtimoliy holatni ko'rsatadi)
11. eventually – oxir-oqibat, nihoyat
12. fly – uchish, parvoz qilish
13. to – ga, tomon
14. Europa – Yevropa (Jupiterning oylaridan biri)
 15. or – yoki
16. places – joylar
17. even – hatto
18. more – ko'proq
19. distant – uzoq, masofadagi
20. say – deb aytmoq, fikr bildirmoq
21. many – ko'plab
22. scientists – olimlar
Agar qo'shimcha izoh yoki savollar bo'lsa, so'rang!
4o mini
You said:
though cheap compared with a european mission , any expedition to vostok would represent a
significant investment
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima: Yevropa missiyasi bilan solishtirganda arzon bo'lsa-da, Vostokga bo'ladigan har
qanday ekspeditsiya muhim sarmoya bo'lib hisoblanadi.
So'zlar tarjimasi:
1. though – garchi, bo'lsa-da
2. cheap – arzon
3. compared with – bilan taqqoslaganda
4. a – bir (belgilovchi artikl)
5. European – Yevropa (Yevropa bilan bog'liq)
6. mission – missiya, vazifa
7. any – har qanday
8. expedition – ekspeditsiya, safar, tadqiqot
9. to – ga, tomon
10. Vostok – Vostok (Rossiyaning muzlatilgan stantsiyasi nomi)
11. would – (yordamchi fe'l, ehtimoliy holat)
12. represent – ifodalamoq, anglatmoq
13. a – bir (belgilovchi artikl)
14. significant – muhim, katta
15. investment – sarmoya, investitsiya
Yana yordam kerak bo'lsa, so'rang!
4o mini
You said:
C. Vostok Station holds the uncomfortable distinction of having recorded the coldest temperature
on Earth.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima: Vostok stantsiyasi Yer yuzidagi eng sovuq haroratni qayd etgan noqulay sharafni
o'zida saqlaydi.
So'zlar tarjimasi:
1. Vostok Station – Vostok stantsiyasi (Rossiyada joylashgan ilmiy stantsiya)
2. holds – saqlaydi, egallaydi
3. the uncomfortable distinction – noqulay sharaf (negativ ma'noda ajralib turish)
4. of – ning
5. having recorded – qayd etgan
 6. the coldest – eng sovuq
7. temperature – harorat
8. on Earth – Yer yuzida
Agar boshqa savollar bo'lsa, so'rang!
4o mini
You said:
distinction
ChatGPT said:
Distinction so'zi ingliz tilida bir nechta ma'nolarga ega, asosan quyidagi tarzda ishlatiladi:
1. Ajratish, farqlash – biror narsaning yoki odamning boshqa narsalardan yoki odamlardan
farq qilishi.
o Masalan: She earned distinction in her studies. (U o'zining o'qishlarida ajralib
turdi.)
2. Sharaf, nufuz – biror yutuq yoki muvaffaqiyat natijasida olinadigan ijobiy e'tirof.
o Masalan: He received a distinction for his work. (U o'zining ishlari uchun sharaf
oldi.)
3. Noqulay farq – odatda salbiy ma'noda ishlatiladi, biror narsaning ijobiy yoki noqulay
holatini ta'kidlash uchun.
o Masalan: The distinction of having the lowest score. (Eng past ballni olishning
noqulay farqi.)
Vostok station holds the uncomfortable distinction – bu yerda distinction so'zi noqulay
ajralishni yoki sharafni ifodalaydi, ya'ni Vostok stantsiyasi Yer yuzidagi eng sovuq haroratni
qayd etganligi sababli salbiy ma'noda ajralib turadi.
4o mini
You said:
thermometers there measured -89 in july and average temperature hovers around -55
ChatGPT said:
Here’s the translation of the sentence with word meanings:
Thermometers there measured -89 in July, and the average temperature hovers around -
55.
1. Thermometers – termometrlar (suv yoki havo haroratini o'lchash uchun ishlatiladigan
asboblar).
2. Measured – o'lchadi (to measure so'zining o'tgan zamoni).
3. -89 – -89 (sovuq haroratning raqami).
4. July – iyul (yilning ettinchi oyi).
5. Average temperature – o'rtacha harorat (umumiy haroratni hisoblash natijasida olingan
qiymat).
6. Hovers – aylanadi, harakat qiladi (shu yerda haroratning doimiy ravishda o'zgarishsiz
saqlanishi ma'nosida ishlatilgan).
7. Around – atrofida (haroratning aniqlanmagan, taxminiy qiymatini ko'rsatadi).
8. -55 – -55 (sovuq haroratning boshqa raqami).
Tarjimasi: "U yerda termometrlar iyul oyida -89 darajani o'lchagan va o'rtacha harorat taxminan
-55 daraja atrofida bo'ladi."
4o mini
You said:
it is thick ice , strangely that enables a like to survive in such a frozen environment
ChatGPT said:
Here’s the translation of the sentence with word meanings:
It is thick ice, strangely that enables life to survive in such a frozen environment.
1. It is – bu (keltirilayotgan narsaning mavjudligini bildiradi).
2. Thick – qalin (ko'p hajmli yoki zich).
3. Ice – muz (suyuq holatidan muzlash natijasida shakllangan qattiq modda).
4. Strangely – g'alati tarzda (qandaydir kutilmagan yoki odatdagidan farq qiladigan tarzda).
5. Enables – imkon beradi (biror narsani amalga oshirishga yordam beradi).
6. Life – hayot (organizmning yashash jarayoni).
7. To survive – tirik qolish, omon qolish (hayot davomida saqlanish).
8. In such a frozen environment – shunday muzlab qolgan atrof-muhitda (muzlangan va
sovuq sharoitda).

Ha, endi yaxshiroq tushundim. Gapni to'g'ri tushuntirishga harakat qilaman.

Gapda "underneath the ice" bo'lsa, bu **"ice"**ni **"bedrock"**dan oldin joylashtirish kerak.
Shunday qilib, to'g'ri gap quyidagicha bo'ladi:
"The 4 kilometers of ice acts effectively as an insulating blanket protecting the bedrock
underneath the ice from the cold temperatures above."
Bu yerda "underneath the ice" – muzning ostidagi yer qatlamini (bedrock) himoya qilishini
ta'kidlaydi. Agar "from the cold temperatures above" bo'lsa, bu muzning yuqorisidagi sovuq
haroratlardan himoya qilinishini anglatadi.
Agar gapda "from the ice" o'rnida "from the cold temperatures" degan holat mavjud bo'lsa,
bu o'ziga xos ravishda to'g'ri qo'llanilgan.

Gapni tarjimasi:
"Muz qatlamining katta og'irligi ham ko'ldan foydalanishda muhim rol o'ynaydi."
So'zlarning tushuntirishlari:
 The tremendous weight – katta og'irlik, juda og'ir narsani ifodalaydi.
 of – ning, bog'lovchi so'z, "tremendous weight" va "ice sheet"ni bog'laydi, ya'ni muz
qatlamining katta og'irligi.
 the ice sheet – muz qatlam, katta o'lchamdagi muz qatlami, odatda quruqlikning yoki
suvning ustida joylashgan muz.
 also – ham, qo'shimcha ravishda, shuningdek.
 plays a role – rol o'ynaydi, biror narsada ishtirok etadi, ta'sir ko'rsatadi.
 in maintaining – saqlashda, biror narsaning davomiyligini ta'minlashda.
 the lake – ko'l, tabiiy suv ombori, odatda suv bilan to'lgan pastki joy.
Umuman, gap shuni anglatadi: Muz qatlamining og'irligi ko'lning barqarorligini ta'minlashda
ham muhim ahamiyatga ega.

The first clues to Lake Vostok’s existence came in the 1970s, when British, U.S. and Danish
researchers collected radar observations by flying over this region. gap tarjimasi va so'zlarni va
strukturasi
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Vostok ko‘lining mavjudligiga oid ilk ishoralar 1970-yillarda paydo bo‘lgan, o‘shanda
britaniyalik, amerikalik va daniyalik tadqiqotchilar ushbu hudud ustidan uchib o‘tib, radar
kuzatuvlarini to‘plaganlar.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. The first clues to Lake Vostok’s existence → Vostok ko‘lining mavjudligiga oid ilk
ishoralar
o The first clues → birinchi dalillar / ishoralar
o to Lake Vostok’s existence → Vostok ko‘lining mavjudligiga
2. came in the 1970s → 1970-yillarda paydo bo‘lgan
o came → paydo bo‘ldi, yetib keldi (bu yerda "paydo bo‘ldi" ma'nosida)
o in the 1970s → 1970-yillarda
3. when British, U.S. and Danish researchers collected radar observations → o‘shanda
britaniyalik, amerikalik va daniyalik tadqiqotchilar radar kuzatuvlarini to‘plaganlar
o when → "o‘shanda", "qachonki" (bog‘lovchi sifatida)
o British, U.S. and Danish researchers → britaniyalik, amerikalik va daniyalik
tadqiqotchilar
o collected → yig‘di, to‘pladi
o radar observations → radar kuzatuvlari
4. by flying over this region → ushbu hudud ustidan uchib o‘tib
o by flying → uchish orqali (jarayonni anglatuvchi "by + -ing" strukturasi)
o over this region → ushbu hudud ustidan

Bu gapda asosiy fikr shuki, Vostok ko‘lining mavjudligi 1970-yillarda radar kuzatuvlari
orqali aniq bo‘lgan. So‘z va strukturalar juda aniq ifodalangan va gap murakkab bog‘langan.
2/2
4o
You said:
The radar penetrates the ice and bounces off whatever sits below.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Radar muz qatlamidan o'tadi va ostidagi har qanday narsadan aks etadi.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. The radar penetrates the ice → Radar muz qatlamidan o'tadi
o The radar → radar
o penetrates → o'tadi, ichiga kiradi (chuqur kirib borish ma'nosida)
o the ice → muz
2. and bounces off whatever sits below → va ostida joylashgan har qanday narsadan aks
etadi
o and → va
o bounces off → aks etadi, qaytadi
o whatever sits below → ostida joylashgan har qanday narsa
 whatever → har qanday narsa
 sits below → ostida joylashgan, joy egallagan
Bu gapda asosiy fikr shuki, radar muz orqali o'tib, pastdagi narsalarga urilib qaytadi, ya’ni
bu jarayon ostidagi strukturalarni aniqlashga yordam beradi.
2/2
4o
You said:
When researchers found a surface as flat as a mirror, they surmised that a lake must exist
underneath the ice.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Tadqiqotchilar oyna kabi tekis sirtni topganda, ular muz ostida ko‘l bo‘lishi kerak deb taxmin
qilishdi.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. When researchers found a surface as flat as a mirror → Tadqiqotchilar oyna kabi
tekis sirtni topganda
o When → qachonki, ganda (bog‘lovchi)
o researchers → tadqiqotchilar
o found → topdilar, aniqladilar (find fe’lidan o‘tgan zamon)
o a surface → sirt, yuzasi
o as flat as a mirror → oyna kabi tekis
 as ... as ... → taqqoslash strukturasida "kabi" ma’nosini beradi
 flat → tekis
 mirror → oyna
2. they surmised that a lake must exist underneath the ice → ular muz ostida ko‘l
bo‘lishi kerak deb taxmin qilishdi
o they → ular (tadqiqotchilar)
o surmised → taxmin qilishdi, gumon qilishdi
o that → deb (ushbu jumlani bog‘lab turibdi)
o a lake must exist → ko‘l bo‘lishi kerak
 must → ehtimollik bildiradi, "bo‘lishi kerak" ma’nosida
 exist → mavjud bo‘lmoq
o underneath the ice → muz ostida
 underneath → ostida (bu yerda under bilan bir xil ma'noda)
 the ice → muz

Bu gapda asosiy fikr tadqiqotchilar muz ostidagi silliq sirtni ko‘rib, u yerda ko‘l bo‘lishi
mumkin deb o‘ylaganliklari.
4o
You said:
An airborne survey of the lake is being undertaken, the first step toward eventually drilling into
the water.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Ko‘lning havodan tadqiqoti olib borilmoqda, bu esa oxir-oqibat suvga burg‘ulash yo‘lidagi
birinchi qadamdir.
Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. An airborne survey of the lake is being undertaken → Ko‘lning havodan tadqiqoti
olib borilmoqda
o An airborne survey → havodan o‘tkaziladigan tadqiqot
 airborne → havoda joylashgan, havoga tegishli
 survey → tadqiqot, o‘rganish
o of the lake → ko‘lning
o is being undertaken → olib borilmoqda
 is being → hozirgi zamondagi davomiy passiv shakl
 undertaken → amalga oshirilmoqda, bajarilmoqda
2. the first step toward eventually drilling into the water → bu esa oxir-oqibat suvga
burg‘ulash yo‘lidagi birinchi qadamdir
o the first step → birinchi qadam
o toward → ... yo‘lida, ... sari
o eventually → oxir-oqibat, nihoyat
o drilling into the water → suvga burg‘ulash
 drilling → burg‘ulash jarayoni
 into the water → suv ichiga

Bu gapda asosiy fikr ko‘l ustidan havodan tadqiqot olib borilayotgani va bu kelajakda suvga
burg‘ulash uchun birinchi qadam ekani.
4o
You said:
Along with the potential rewards come a host of challenges.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Ehtimoliy mukofotlar bilan birga ko‘plab qiyinchiliklar ham keladi.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. Along with the potential rewards → Ehtimoliy mukofotlar bilan birga
o Along with → bilan birga, qo‘shilib
o the potential rewards → ehtimoliy mukofotlar / foydalar
 potential → ehtimoliy, mumkin bo‘lgan
 rewards → mukofotlar, foydalar
2. come a host of challenges → ko‘plab qiyinchiliklar ham keladi
o come → keladi, yuzaga chiqadi
o a host of challenges → ko‘plab qiyinchiliklar
 a host of → ko‘p sonli, juda ko‘p
 challenges → qiyinchiliklar, muammolar

Bu gapning asosiy mazmuni mukofotlar (yoki foydalar) bo‘lishi mumkin, lekin ular bilan
birga qiyinchiliklar ham keladi.
4o
You said:
Researchers must find a way to penetrate the icy covering without introducing any
microorganisms or pollutants into the sealed-off water.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Tadqiqotchilar muz qoplamasini teshib o‘tishning yo‘lini topishlari kerak, shu bilan birga, yopiq
suvga hech qanday mikroorganizmlar yoki ifloslantiruvchi moddalar kiritmasliklari lozim.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. Researchers must find a way → Tadqiqotchilar yo‘lini topishlari kerak
o Researchers → tadqiqotchilar
o must → kerak, majburiyat bildiradi
o find a way → yo‘lini topish, usul topish
2. to penetrate the icy covering → muz qoplamasini teshib o‘tish uchun
o to penetrate → kirib borish, teshib o‘tish
o the icy covering → muz qoplami
 icy → muzli, muz bilan qoplangan
 covering → qoplama, qoplagan qatlam
3. without introducing any microorganisms or pollutants → hech qanday
mikroorganizmlar yoki ifloslantiruvchi moddalar kiritmasdan
o without → ...siz, ...masdan
o introducing → kiritish, olib kirish
o any microorganisms or pollutants → hech qanday mikroorganizmlar yoki
ifloslantiruvchi moddalar
 microorganisms → mikroorganizmlar
 pollutants → ifloslantiruvchi moddalar
4. into the sealed-off water → yopiq suvga
o into → ichiga
o the sealed-off water → yopiq suv, tashqi ta’sirdan izolyatsiyalangan suv
 sealed-off → yopilgan, muhrlangan, izolyatsiyalangan
 water → suv

Bu gapning asosiy mazmuni tadqiqotchilar muzni teshish usulini topishlari kerak, lekin bu
jarayonda suvni ifloslantirmaslik muhim.
4o
You said:
What about life in the depths? If tiny microbes do populate the lake, they may be some of the
hungriest organisms ever discovered.
2/2
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Chuqurlikdagi hayot haqida nima deyish mumkin? Agar mayda mikroblar haqiqatan ham ko‘lda
yashasa, ular kashf etilgan eng ochko‘z organizmlardan biri bo‘lishi mumkin.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. What about life in the depths? → Chuqurlikdagi hayot haqida nima deyish mumkin?
 o What about ...? → ... haqida nima deyish mumkin? (biror mavzuni muhokama
qilish yoki savol berish uchun ishlatiladi)
o life → hayot
o in the depths → chuqurliklarda
 depths → chuqurliklar, tub qismi
2. If tiny microbes do populate the lake → Agar mayda mikroblar ko‘lni haqiqatan ham
egallagan bo‘lsa
o If → agar
o tiny microbes → mayda mikroblar
 tiny → juda kichik
 microbes → mikroblar
o do populate the lake → ko‘lni egallagan bo‘lsa
 do → bu yerda ta’kidlash uchun ishlatilmoqda (odatiy "populate" emas,
balki "do populate" deyish orqali aniqlik kuchaytirilgan)
 populate → yashamoq, egallamoq
 the lake → ko‘l
3. they may be some of the hungriest organisms ever discovered → ular kashf etilgan
eng ochko‘z organizmlardan biri bo‘lishi mumkin
o they may be → ular bo‘lishi mumkin
o some of the hungriest organisms → eng ochko‘z organizmlardan ba’zilari
 some of the ... → ... dan ba’zilari
 hungriest → eng ochko‘z (bu hungry ning orttirma darajasi)
 organisms → organizmlar
o ever discovered → hech qachon kashf etilgan
 ever → hech qachon (ta’kidlash uchun)
 discovered → kashf etilgan

Bu gapning asosiy mazmuni agar ko‘lda mikroorganizmlar yashasa, ular juda ochko‘z
bo‘lishi mumkin, chunki ular yashaydigan muhit oziqa jihatidan juda cheklangan.
4o
You said:
Lake Vostok has the potential to be one of the most energy-limited, or oligotrophic,
environments on the planet.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Lake Vostok sayyoradagi eng energiya cheklangan yoki oligotroflik muhitlardan biri bo‘lishi
mumkin.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. Lake Vostok has the potential to be → Lake Vostok bo‘lishi mumkin
o Lake Vostok → Lake Vostok (ko‘l nomi)
o has the potential to be → bo‘lishi mumkin, ehtimoliy imkoniyatga ega
 has → ega
 the potential → imkoniyat, ehtimoliyat
 to be → bo‘lish
 2. one of the most energy-limited, or oligotrophic, environments on the planet → eng
energiya cheklangan yoki oligotroflik muhitlardan biri
o one of the most → eng ...dan biri
o energy-limited → energiya cheklangan
 energy → energiya
 limited → cheklangan
o or oligotrophic → yoki oligotroflik
 oligotrophic → oligotroflik, ya'ni oziq moddalari (masalan, azot va fosfor)
kam bo‘lgan muhit
o environments → muhitlar
o on the planet → sayyorada

Bu gapda Lake Vostok sayyorada energiya manbalari juda cheklangan yoki oziq moddalari
kam bo‘lgan eng muhitlardan biri bo‘lishi mumkinligi haqida gapirilmoqda.
4o mini
You said:
For the lake’s residents, the only nutrients would come from below.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Ko‘lning aholisiga faqat pastdan oziq moddalar kelishi mumkin.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. For the lake’s residents → Ko‘lning aholisiga
o For → uchun
o the lake’s residents → ko‘lning aholisiga
 residents → aholi, yashovchilar
 the lake’s → ko‘lning
2. the only nutrients would come from below → faqat pastdan oziq moddalar kelishi
mumkin
o the only nutrients → faqat oziq moddalar
 only → faqat
 nutrients → oziq moddalar
o would come → kelishi mumkin
 would → ehtimoliylik, "mabodo" ma’nosi beradi
o from below → pastdan

Bu gapning asosiy mazmuni ko‘lning yashovchilari uchun oziq moddalar faqat pastdan
kelishi mumkin.
4o mini
You said:
Russian investigators have speculated that the lake floor may have hot springs spewing out
hydrothermal fluids stocked with reduced metals and other sorts of chemical nutrients.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Rossiyalik tadqiqotchilar ko‘l tubida issiq buloqlar bo‘lishi mumkinligini taxmin qilishgan, ular
gidrotermal suyuqliklarni chiqarib, kamaytirilgan metallarga va boshqa kimyoviy oziq
moddalariga boy bo‘lishi mumkin.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. Russian investigators have speculated → Rossiyalik tadqiqotchilar taxmin qilishgan
o Russian investigators → Rossiyalik tadqiqotchilar
 investigators → tadqiqotchilar
o have speculated → taxmin qilishgan, faraz qilishgan
 have → hozirgi zamonning to‘g‘rilangan shakli
 speculated → taxmin qilish, faraz qilish
2. that the lake floor may have hot springs → ko‘l tubida issiq buloqlar bo‘lishi
mumkinligini
o that → (bu yerda gapning boshlanishini bildiradi)
o the lake floor → ko‘l tubi
o may have → bo‘lishi mumkin
o hot springs → issiq buloqlar
3. spewing out hydrothermal fluids → gidrotermal suyuqliklarni chiqarib
o spewing out → chiqarib yuborish, tarqatish
o hydrothermal fluids → gidrotermal suyuqliklar
 hydrothermal → gidrotermal, yer osti issiqligi bilan bog‘liq
 fluids → suyuqliklar
4. stocked with reduced metals and other sorts of chemical nutrients → kamaytirilgan
metallarga va boshqa kimyoviy oziq moddalariga boy bo‘lishi mumkin
o stocked with → boy bo‘lishi mumkin, to‘ldirilgan bo‘lishi mumkin
o reduced metals → kamaytirilgan metallar
 reduced → kamaytirilgan
 metals → metallar
o and other sorts of chemical nutrients → va boshqa kimyoviy oziq moddalar
 other sorts of → boshqa turdagi
 chemical nutrients → kimyoviy oziq moddalar

Bu gapda Rossiyalik tadqiqotchilar ko‘l tubida issiq buloqlar bo‘lishi va ularning

gidrotermal suyuqliklarni chiqarib, kamaytirilgan metallar va boshqa kimyoviy oziq
moddalariga boy bo‘lishi mumkinligini taxmin qilishgan.
4o mini
You said:
Scant geological evidence available for this region, however, indicates that the crust is old and
dead.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Biroq, ushbu hudud uchun mavjud bo‘lgan juda kam geologik dalillar, yer po‘stining eski va
o‘lik ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. Scant geological evidence available for this region → Ushbu hudud uchun mavjud
bo‘lgan juda kam geologik dalillar
 o Scant → juda kam, oz
o geological evidence → geologik dalillar
o available for this region → ushbu hudud uchun mavjud bo‘lgan
2. however, indicates → biroq, ko‘rsatadi
o however → biroq
o indicates → ko‘rsatadi, bildiradi
3. that the crust is old and dead → yer po‘stining eski va o‘lik ekanligini
o that → (gapni boshlash)
o the crust → yer po‘sti
o is old and dead → eski va o‘lik
 old → eski
 dead → o‘lik

Bu gapda hudud uchun mavjud bo‘lgan kam geologik dalillar yer po‘stining eski va o‘lik
ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.
4o mini
You said:
Without a stream of nutrients seeping up from the deep Earth, the only potential source of energy
lies above the lake.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Agar chuqur yerdan oziq moddalar oqib chiqmasa, energiyaning yagona potensial manbai
ko‘lning ustida joylashgan.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. Without a stream of nutrients seeping up from the deep Earth → Agar chuqur
yerdan oziq moddalar oqib chiqmasa
o Without → agar bo‘lmasa
o a stream of nutrients → oziq moddalar oqimi
 stream → oqim, oqish
 nutrients → oziq moddalar
o seeping up from the deep Earth → chuqur yerdan oqib chiqmoq
 seeping up → yuqoriga oqib chiqish
 from the deep Earth → chuqur yerdan
2. the only potential source of energy lies above the lake → energiyaning yagona
potensial manbai ko‘lning ustida joylashgan
o the only potential source of energy → energiyaning yagona potensial manbai
o lies above the lake → ko‘lning ustida joylashgan
 lies → joylashgan
 above → ustida
 the lake → ko‘l

Bu gapda chuqur yerdan oziq moddalar chiqmasa, energiyaning yagona manbai ko‘lning
ustida joylashgan bo‘ladi degan ma'no mavjud.
4o mini
You said:
The ice sheet above the water is creeping from west to east at a rate of roughly four meters per
year.
2/2
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Suv ustidagi muz qatlamining g‘arbdan sharqqa tomon harakati yiliga taxminan to‘rt metrni
tashkil etadi.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. The ice sheet above the water → Suv ustidagi muz qatlam
o ice sheet → muz qatlam
o above the water → suv ustida
2. is creeping from west to east → g‘arbdan sharqqa tomon harakat qilmoqda
o is creeping → harakat qilmoqda, surilmoqda (bu yerda juda sekin harakat qilish
ma’nosida)
o from west to east → g‘arbdan sharqqa tomon
3. at a rate of roughly four meters per year → yiliga taxminan to‘rt metrni tashkil etadi
o at a rate of → tezlikda
o roughly → taxminan
o four meters per year → yiliga to‘rt metr

Bu gapda muz qatlamining harakati g‘arbdan sharqqa yiliga taxminan to‘rt metr tezlikda
davom etmoqda.
4o mini
You said:
The lowermost layers of ice melt when they come in contact with the lake, liberating trapped
gases and bits of crushed-up rock.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Muzning eng pastki qatlamlari ko‘l bilan bog‘langanda eriydi, bu esa hapslangan gazlar va
ezilgan tosh parchalarini chiqarib yuboradi.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. The lowermost layers of ice → Muzning eng pastki qatlamlari
o lowermost → eng past
o layers of ice → muz qatlamlari
2. melt when they come in contact with the lake → ko‘l bilan bog‘langanda eriydi
o melt → eriydi
o when they come in contact with → ular bog‘langanda
 come in contact with → bog‘lanmoq, aloqa qilish
o the lake → ko‘l
3. liberating trapped gases and bits of crushed-up rock → hapslangan gazlar va ezilgan
tosh parchalarini chiqarib yuboradi
o liberating → chiqarib yuboradi, ozod qilish
o trapped gases → hapslangan gazlar
o bits of crushed-up rock → ezilgan tosh parchalarini
  bits → parchalar
 crushed-up → ezilgan
 rock → tosh

Bu gapda muzning eng pastki qatlamlari ko‘lga tegib erib, hapslangan gazlar va ezilgan
tosh parchalarini chiqaradi.
4o mini
You said:
If the glacier recently passed over rock before reaching the lake, it could be supplying organic
compounds useful to microorganisms.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Agar muzlik yaqinda ko‘lga yetmasdan oldin tosh ustidan o‘tgan bo‘lsa, u mikroorganizmlar
uchun foydali organik birikmalarni taqdim etayotgan bo‘lishi mumkin.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. If the glacier recently passed over rock before reaching the lake → Agar muzlik
yaqinda ko‘lga yetmasdan oldin tosh ustidan o‘tgan bo‘lsa
o If → agar
o the glacier → muzlik
o recently → yaqinda
o passed over → o‘tgan
o rock → tosh
o before reaching the lake → ko‘lga yetmasdan oldin
2. it could be supplying organic compounds useful to microorganisms → u
mikroorganizmlar uchun foydali organik birikmalarni taqdim etayotgan bo‘lishi mumkin
o it could be supplying → u taqdim etayotgan bo‘lishi mumkin
o organic compounds → organik birikmalar
o useful to microorganisms → mikroorganizmlar uchun foydali

Bu gapda agar muzlik tosh ustidan o‘tgan bo‘lsa, u mikroorganizmlar uchun foydali
organik birikmalarni yetkazayotgan bo‘lishi mumkin degan ma'no bor.
4o mini
You said:
It also could be seeding the lake with a continuous source of new residents.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Shuningdek, bu ko‘lga yangi aholining doimiy manbasini taqdim etayotgan bo‘lishi mumkin.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. It also could be seeding the lake → Bu ko‘lga... taqdim etayotgan bo‘lishi mumkin
o It also → shuningdek, bu
o could be seeding → taqdim etayotgan bo‘lishi mumkin (bu yerda "seeding"
"yangi organizmlarni olib kelish" ma'nosida ishlatilgan)
o the lake → ko‘l
2. with a continuous source of new residents → yangi aholining doimiy manbasi bilan
 o with → bilan
o a continuous source → doimiy manba
o of new residents → yangi aholining

Bu gapda muzlik ko‘lga yangi organizmlar olib kelayotgan bo‘lishi va shu tariqa doimiy
yangi aholi manbasini taqdim etayotgan bo‘lishi mumkin degan ma'no mavjud.
4o mini
You said:
Bacteria, yeasts, fungi, algae and even pollen grains have been found in the Vostok ice core
samples taken down to depths of 2,750m - three quarters of the way to the bottom.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Bakteriyalar, xamirturushlar, zamburug‘lar, yosunlar va hatto polen donalari Vostok muz yadrosi
namunalarida topilgan, ular 2,750 metrgacha chuqurliklarga yetkazilgan — bu erning pastki
qismiga borishning to‘rtning uchdan birini tashkil etadi.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. Bacteria, yeasts, fungi, algae and even pollen grains → Bakteriyalar, xamirturushlar,
zamburug‘lar, yosunlar va hatto polen donalari
o Bacteria → bakteriyalar
o yeasts → xamirturushlar
o fungi → zamburug‘lar
o algae → yosunlar
o even pollen grains → hatto polen donalari
2. have been found in the Vostok ice core samples → Vostok muz yadrosi namunalarida
topilgan
o have been found → topilgan
o in the Vostok ice core samples → Vostok muz yadrosi namunalarida
3. taken down to depths of 2,750m → 2,750 metrgacha chuqurliklarga yetkazilgan
o taken down → olib tushirilgan, yetkazilgan
o to depths of 2,750m → 2,750 metrgacha chuqurliklarga
4. three quarters of the way to the bottom → to‘rtning uchdan birini tashkil etadi
o three quarters → to‘rtning uchdan biri
o of the way to the bottom → pastki qismiga borishning

Bu gapda Vostok muz yadrosida 2,750 metrgacha chuqurliklarga tushirilgan namunalar

ichida bakteriyalar, xamirturushlar, zamburug‘lar, yosunlar va hatto polen donalari
topilgan degan ma'no mavjud.
4o mini
You said:
At least some of these organisms are alive and capable of growing, according to recent reports.
2/2
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Yaqinda chop etilgan ma'lumotlarga ko‘ra, bu organizmlarning kamida ba'zilari tirik bo‘lib,
o‘sish qobiliyatiga ega.
Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. At least some of these organisms → Bu organizmlarning kamida ba'zilari
o At least → kamida
o some of these organisms → bu organizmlarning ba'zilari
2. are alive and capable of growing → tirik bo‘lib, o‘sish qobiliyatiga ega
o are alive → tirik bo‘lib
o capable of growing → o‘sish qobiliyatiga ega
3. according to recent reports → yaqinda chop etilgan ma'lumotlarga ko‘ra
o according to → ko‘ra
o recent reports → yaqinda chop etilgan ma'lumotlar

Bu gapda yaqinda chop etilgan ma'lumotlarga ko‘ra, bu organizmlarning ba'zilari tirik

bo‘lib, o‘sish qobiliyatiga ega degan ma'no mavjud.
4o mini
You said:
The results of this analysis may indirectly indicate whether anything survives in the lightless
body of water.
ChatGPT said:
Tarjima:
Ushbu tahlil natijalari, qorong‘i suv havzasida biror narsa yashab qolayotganini bilvosita
ko‘rsatishi mumkin.

Tarkibiy tahlil:
1. The results of this analysis → Ushbu tahlil natijalari
o The results → natijalar
o of this analysis → ushbu tahlil
2. may indirectly indicate → bilvosita ko‘rsatishi mumkin
o may → mumkin
o indirectly → bilvosita
o indicate → ko‘rsatishi, bildirishi
3. whether anything survives in the lightless body of water → qorong‘i suv havzasida
biror narsa yashab qolayotganini
o whether → bormi, nima
o anything survives → biror narsa yashab qoladi
o in the lightless body of water → qorong‘i suv havzasida

Bu gapda tahlil natijalari, qorong‘i suv havzasida yashovchi biror narsa bor-yo‘qligini
bilvosita ko‘rsatishi mumkin degan ma'no ifodalangan.