A standard letter typically has five main parts: heading, greeting, body,

closing, and signature. The heading includes the sender's address and the
date. The greeting introduces the recipient. The body contains the main
message. The closing phrase precedes the signature.

Here's a more detailed breakdown of the parts:

 Heading:
This section includes the sender's address and the date the letter was written.
 Greeting (Salutation):
This is the opening line of the letter, typically addressing the recipient.
 Body:
The main part of the letter, where the message is conveyed.
 Closing:
A formal phrase that signals the end of the letter, often followed by a signature.
 Signature:
The handwritten signature of the sender, indicating agreement with the content of
the letter.

Whether you’re aiming to impress a potential employer, articulate a request,

or lodge a formal complaint, knowing how to write an effective formal letter is
key to ensuring your message is received with the attention it deserves. From
the perfect opening to a polished conclusion, we’ll guide you through the
essentials of crafting a letter that communicates your message effectively and
professionally for any circumstance.

What is a formal letter?

A formal letter is a type of written communication that sticks to a set structure

and tone. It includes specific elements like the sender’s and recipient’s
addresses, a formal greeting, and a closing statement. Formal letters are
often used for job applications, official complaints, or business inquiries.

While these letters follow a strict formal letter structure, have a clear objective,
and maintain a professional tone, informal letters can be conversational and
personal. They can be written to friends, family, or acquaintances and include
personal news, congratulations, invitations, or any other personal topics.

There are many types of formal letters. Some formal letter examples include:

 Cover letter

 Offer acceptance letter

 Professional thank you letter

 Business letter

 Sales letter

 Termination letter

 Letter of intent

 Letter of recommendation

When you think of a formal letter, you probably imagine a handwritten or typed
document that gets written, signed, stamped, and then sent through the mail.
But formal letters can also be delivered through email, depending on how
urgent the situation is and the preferences of the receiver and the sender.
However you choose to send your formal letter, the intention should remain
the same: to clearly and effectively communicate the topic at hand in a clear,
professional manner.

When do you send a formal letter?

Formal letters are sent in situations that require a professional approach or

official communication. Here are examples of these instances:

 Job applications

 Sending a resignation letter

 Making formal requests or inquiries to a company

 Lodging complaints

 Communicating with government agencies

 Conducting official business transactions

 Addressing individuals you do not have a personal relationship with

What are the parts of a formal letter?

Header (date/address/return address)

Date: When you write a formal letter, it’s crucial to include the date on which
you wrote it. This information is essential for time-sensitive communication.
Address: Write the recipient’s full address, including their PO Box number or
office suite.

Return address: Include your company’s full address. This makes it easy for
the recipient to send a response.

Salutation

In a formal letter, the standard salutation is “Dear” followed by the recipient’s

title and last name. Begin your letter with “Dear [recipient’s name]” and add a
comma after the name. When you cannot determine the recipient’s name, you
may address the letter to their title.

Body

The body paragraphs are the main text of the letter. In these paragraphs, the
sender outlines the purpose of the letter. It includes these sections:

 An introductory paragraph that states the letter’s main purpose and, if

necessary, introduces the letter writer.

 One or more middle paragraphs that discuss the letter’s subject in

greater detail. It’s important to organize this section logically, with each
paragraph addressing a specific point or aspect of your overall
message.

 A final paragraph that summarizes the key points and, if applicable,

indicates the next steps. This could involve suggesting a meeting,
requesting a response, or expressing anticipation for resolving the
 matter at hand. The final paragraph is also an appropriate place to offer
thanks to the recipient for considering your message or for their time
and attention.

Closing

After the body section, close the letter with a simple, professional sign-off.
Polite ways to end the letter include the following sign-offs:

 Sincerely

 Best regards

 Respectfully

Signature

The final component of a formal letter is your signature. Include your full name
and job title if relevant, followed by your wet signature and printed name.

How to write a formal letter in six steps

Writing a formal letter doesn’t need to feel daunting. There’s a simple six-step
process you can stick to in order to keep things easy. Follow this tried-and-
true method to efficiently and effectively structure formal correspondence:

1 Plan Your Message: Before you begin writing, take a moment to clarify
your purpose. What are you hoping to achieve with this letter? Who is
your audience? Understanding these aspects will guide your tone and
content.

2 Start With a Proper Format: Formal letters have a specific layout that
includes the sender’s address, date, recipient’s address, salutation, body,
close, and signature. Align your text to the left and use a professional font like
Times New Roman or Arial. Make sure your writing is single-spaced, with a
blank line between paragraphs. There should be a two-inch margin at the top
and bottom of the document and a one-inch margin on both sides.

3 Craft a Clear Opening: Your first paragraph should immediately inform the
recipient of the letter’s purpose. Keep it concise and to the point; there’s no
need for lengthy introductions.

4 Develop the Body: In the body, detail your request, question, or the
information you’re conveying. Use separate paragraphs for each main point to
keep your letter organized and easy to read. Support your statements with
facts or specific examples where necessary.

5 Conclude Effectively: Summarize your letter’s main points and clearly

state any action you expect from the recipient, such as a reply by a certain
date or a meeting request. Finish with a polite closing, such as “Sincerely” or
“Best regards,” followed by your signature and printed name.

6 Review: Before you send out your letter, take the time to proofread it. A
formal letter isn’t just formatted correctly—its grammar, punctuation, and
spelling should also be mistake-free. Run a grammar check, and consider
your tone to ensure that you sound professional.
Grammarly’s formal letter generator can help you write a formal letter in a few
clicks. Just enter a few key details and Grammarly will generate a draft that
you can further tailor to your needs.

Common mistakes to avoid

When adhering to the formal letter format, it’s essential to avoid common
mistakes that can undermine your professionalism, including:

 Sounding too casual and using informal phrasing, slang, or jokes

 Inconsistent formatting

 Failing to proofread before sending

 Using outdated or incorrect contact information

 Omitting a call to action

Avoiding these mistakes will help ensure that your formal letters are both
professional and effective, increasing the likelihood of achieving your desired
outcome.

Formal letter template

[Your Name]

[Your Address]

[Your email address]

[Your phone number]

[Date]

[Recipient’s Name]

[Recipient’s Title and Position if applicable]

[Recipient’s Company if applicable]

[Recipient’s Address]

Dear [Recipient’s Name],

[Opening paragraph: Introduce yourself and state the purpose of your letter.
Provide any relevant background information or necessary context.]

[Body paragraphs: Use topic sentences to introduce the main ideas of your
letter. Elaborate on additional details relevant to your purpose for writing.]

[Closing paragraph: Summarize the key points, express appreciation or

interest, and directly state any desired follow-up actions.]

Sincerely,

[Your Printed Name]

[Your Typed Signature]

Formal letter example

John Smith Sales Manager AcmeCo 123 Business Rd. Business City, CA
12345 555-555-4567 john.smith@acmeco.com March 11, 2024

Samantha Green Procurement Officer InnovateTech Solutions 456 Industry

St. Market Town, MT 67890

Dear Ms. Green,

I hope this letter finds you well. My name is John Smith, and I am the Sales
Manager at AcmeCo, a leading provider of innovative solutions designed to
enhance operational efficiency and drive business growth. At AcmeCo, we
pride ourselves on delivering high-quality products and services tailored to
meet the unique needs of our clients.

I am reaching out to introduce you to our latest product offering, the AcmeCo
Efficiency Booster. This solution has been specifically developed to address
common challenges faced by tech businesses. It offers a range of features
designed to optimize workflows, reduce operational costs, and improve overall
productivity.

Many of our clients have already seen significant benefits from implementing
the AcmeCo Efficiency Booster, reporting an average increase in productivity
of 25% within the first three months of use. We believe that InnovateTech
Solutions could experience similar, if not greater, improvements by integrating
our solution into your operations.

We are confident in the value that the AcmeCo Efficiency Booster can bring to
your organization and would be delighted to provide you with a
comprehensive demonstration at your convenience. Additionally, we are
offering an exclusive introductory discount to new clients interested in
exploring the potential of our product.

Please feel free to contact me directly at 555-555-4567 or via email at

john.smith@acmeco.com to schedule a demonstration or to discuss how
AcmeCo can contribute to the success of InnovateTech Solutions. We are
looking forward to the opportunity to partner with you and support your
company’s growth objectives.

Thank you for considering AcmeCo as your partner in achieving operational

excellence. We are excited about the prospect of working together and are
committed to providing you with the best possible service and support.

Sincerely,

John Smith Sales Manager AcmeCo

Enclosures: Product Brochure, Customer Testimonials