6.
5 IELTS COURSE
WRITING TASK 2
Lesson focus LẤY VÍ DỤ
ÔN TẬP CẤU TRÚC NGUYÊN NHÂN – KẾT QUẢ
Bài tập: Viết các câu đơn sau thành câu phức, sử dụng cấu trúc nguyên nhân - kết quả
cho sẵn trong ngoặc.
1. (Because S + V, S + V, so S + V)
● Air pollution has increased dramatically.
● Many people suffer from respiratory diseases.
● Authorities implement stricter environmental regulations.
=>
2. (As S + V, S + V, V-ing)
● Online shopping becomes increasingly popular.
● Traditional stores see reduced sales.
● Many businesses shut down.
=>
3. (S + V due to + N, which + V)
● Farmers lost their harvest.
● There was prolonged drought.
● Food shortages occurred in the region.
=>
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4. (S + V, and therefore S + V. This + V)
● The government invested heavily in public education.
● Students' academic performance improved significantly.
● It created a more skilled workforce.
=>
5. (S + V. This + V, which + V)
● The city council approved the new industrial park.
● It attracted foreign investment.
● The local economy was boosted.
=>
6. (When S + V, S + V. This + V)
● Technology rapidly advances.
● Older workers struggle to adapt.
● Unemployment rates among certain age groups increase.
=>
7. (Because of V-ing, S + V. As a result, S + V, V-ing)
● Fishermen engaged in overfishing.
● Fish stocks became depleted.
● Marine ecosystems collapsed.
● Local livelihoods were affected.
=>
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CẤU TRÚC LẤY VÍ DỤ
Ví dụ: People who spend longer at work are more likely to suffer from a number of
health issues.
1. Sử dụng SUCH AS / LIKE
● Dùng để liệt kê 1 vài ví dụ nhỏ (chỉ dùng để liệt kê tên) để làm dẫn chứng cho
một chủ thể nào đó.
● Lấy ví dụ ngay trong câu và kẹp giữa cặp dấu phẩy nếu ở giữa câu.
● Cấu trúc: Danh từ cần lấy ví dụ + such as / like + ví dụ A and/or B.
● People who spend longer at work are more likely to suffer from a number of
health issues such as / like chronic stress and sleep disorders.
2. Sử dụng FOR EXAMPLE,/FOR INSTANCE,/TO ILLUSTRATE,
● Ly mt ví d ln, gii thích c th rõ ràng hn.
● Lấy ví dụ trong một câu riêng biệt.
● Cấu trúc: Câu cần lấy ví dụ. For example,/For instance,/To illustrate, S + V
● People who spend longer at work are more likely to suffer from a number of
health issues. For example, due to extended hours spent in the workplace, many
employees are at an increased risk of experiencing chronic stress and sleep
disorders.
Mẹo nhỏ 1: Nếu các em gặp khó khăn trong việc lấy ví dụ theo cấu trúc số 2 thì chúng ta
có thể sử dụng phương pháp 5W1H và kết hợp với kỹ năng paraphrasing:
Ví Dụ 1: People who spend longer at work are more likely to suffer from a number of
health issues, which negatively affects their work productivity.
● People =>
● Spend longer at work =>
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● suffer from a number of health issues =>
● negatively affects their work productivity =>
LUYỆN TẬP ÁP DỤNG CẤU TRÚC LẤY VÍ DỤ
Bài 1:
● Ghép phn ví d tng ng vi cm danh t trong câu:
CÂU VĂN VÍ DỤ
Professionals in managerial roles, such as nurses and doctors
………………………, often face immense work
pressure and responsibilities, resulting in
mental health issues such as anxiety and
depression.
Workers in physically demanding jobs, like musicians and actors
………………………, face a higher risk of
occupational injuries, including sprains,
fractures, and repetitive strain injuries.
Professionals in the healthcare industry, such as office jobs and computer
………………………, often work extended shifts, programming
which can contribute to fatigue, decreased
job satisfaction, and increased medical
errors.
Individuals in creative industries, such as CEOs and directors
………………………, frequently encounter irregular
work schedules and financial instability,
leading to stress-related disorders such as
insomnia and financial anxiety.
Careers that involve prolonged periods of such as construction workers and factory
sitting, ………………………………, can lead to workers
sedentary lifestyle-related health issues like
obesity and cardiovascular diseases.
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Bài 2:
● Ghép câu ví dụ với câu luận điểm tương ứng:
LUẬN ĐIỂM VÍ DỤ
1. When pursuing a career path, people a) For instance, after failing to maintain
can acquire various skills and experience, the success of his business at the age
which helps them become more well-rounded of 43, my grandfather made a decision
adults. to work for a charity organization to
help poor children around my country.
In spite of not having a successful
career, he still has a positive outlook on
life and is always grateful for what he
has.
2. There are people who do not have a b) For example, after trying out five jobs
successful career still have a meaningful life. in various fields, my sister eventually
realised that she had a passion for
marketing.
3. Many people do not have a defined c) During three years working as an
career path, so it is necessary for them to try English teacher, for example, I have
different jobs in order to find the career that had the opportunity to learn how to
they are genuinely passionate about. communicate with other people more
effectively and how to explain things
in a simple way so that my students
can understand the lessons better.
These skills help prepare me for
various challenges ahead.
4. Directors have important d) For instance, Sarah, a construction
responsibilities and decision-making worker, recently experienced a severe
authority that can greatly impact an back injury while lifting heavy
organization's ability to achieve its goals, and materials, resulting in substantial
therefore their compensation should be medical bills and a temporary loss of
based on this. income during her recovery period.
5. Since working overtime deprives e) To illustrate, a local bakery that
people of their time for personal life, their promotes its products and interacts
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work-life balance can be negatively affected. with customers on platforms like
Instagram and Facebook can attract a
larger audience and increase
awareness of its brand in the
community.
6. People who work in physically f) For instance, Tim Cook, the CEO of
demanding jobs often face a higher risk of Apple, receives a substantial salary,
work-related injuries, which can put a bonus, and stock options because
financial burden on them. under his leadership, Apple has
experienced significant growth and
innovation, establishing itself as one
of the world's most valuable
companies.
7. Thanks to using social media for g) For instance, due to working for 10 to
marketing, many businesses are able to 15 hours a day, my uncle often misses
reach more customers and boost their out on his family dinners, outings, and
brand’s visibility. other personal engagements.
● Áp dụng mẹo nhỏ 1 (5W1H + paraphrasing), xác định các thành phần câu hỏi
trong câu “Luận điểm” và câu trả lời tương ứng trong câu “Ví dụ”.
Final exercise: Dịch các dàn ý sau và viết thành các câu văn tiếng Anh hoàn
chỉnh - phần đưa ra ví dụ nên dùng For example / For instance:
1.
Internet phát trin -> ngi dân d dàng tip cn thông tin (ví d: tin tc, giáo dc, gii trí).
2. Du lịch phát triển -> tạo thêm việc làm và thúc đẩy kinh tế địa phương (ví dụ: khách sạn, nhà
hàng).
3. Ô nhiễm không khí tăng -> nhiều người gặp các vấn đề sức khỏe (ví dụ: bệnh hô hấp, dị ứng).
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3. Công nghệ hiện đại -> con người giảm tương tác trực tiếp với nhau (ví dụ: thích nhắn tin hơn
gặp mặt).
4. Công nghiệp phát triển nhanh -> tài nguyên thiên nhiên ngày càng cạn kiệt (ví dụ: dầu mỏ,
than đá).
5. Đô thị hóa gia tăng -> chất lượng sống giảm (ví dụ: ô nhiễm, tắc nghẽn giao thông).
6. Nhu cầu về thực phẩm tăng cao -> môi trường bị tổn hại nghiêm trọng hơn (ví dụ: phá rừng
làm nông nghiệp).
7.
Tr em s dng mng xã hi t quá sm -> gp phi các nguy c trên internet (ví d: bt nt trên mng, nghin game).
8. Chính phủ đầu tư nhiều vào giao thông công cộng -> người dân hạn chế sử dụng phương tiện
cá nhân (ví dụ: xe hơi, xe máy).
9. Giáo dục chất lượng cao -> cải thiện mức sống của người dân (ví dụ: tăng cơ hội việc làm, thu
nhập tốt hơn).
10. Nhiều người trẻ thích sống độc thân lâu hơn -> gia đình truyền thống thay đổi (ví dụ: ít kết
hôn, ít con cái).
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