Written By Abhishek & Raj

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HARSH MOHAN 8 EDITION

SECTION – I (GENERAL PATHOLOGY)

Chapter 3 ( CELLULAR ADAPTATION AND CELL INJURY)

Q. Define Hyperplasia. Describe different causes of physiological and pathological hyperplasia?

Q. Define necrosis. What are the morphological types of necrosis? How does necrosis differ from
apoptosis?

Q. Define Apoptosis. Describe the mechanism of Apoptosis. Differentiate b/w Apoptosis and
Necrosis?

Q. defines Necrosis. Discuss the different types of Necrosis?

✓ q. Fatty liver
✓ q. Metaplasia
✓ q. Cloudy Swelling
✓ q. Dystrophic calcification & metastatic calcification
✓ q. dry & wet Gangrene
✓ q. Pathological calcification

Chapter 4 ( INFLAMMATION & REPAIR )

Q. What is granuloma? What are the different types of granuloma. Give a labelled diagram of a
tubercular granuloma?

Q. Outline the different types of wound healing? Describe the influencing the Wound healing?

Q. Define inflammation. Write briefly on the vascular events in acute inflammation. Enumerate the
cause of Leaky Endothelium.

Q. what are the cardinal signs of Acute inflammation. Discuss in the brief vascular events of Acute
inflammation with the role of chemical mediators inflammation.

Q. what are difference between acute, subacute, and chronic inflammation?

✓ q. Ghon’s complex
✓ q. Tubercle
✓ q. primary & Secondary tuberculosis of lung
✓ q. Chemotaxsis
✓ q. Wound healing by Primary & Secondary uninon
✓ q. Tumor marker
✓ q. Phagocytosis
✓ q. Tuberculoid & Lepramatous Leprosy

A Hungry Stomach & An Empty Wallet teaches the best lesson of life. 1
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Pathology
Written By Abhishek & Raj
✓ q. Acute and Chronic inflammation.
✓ Chemical mediators of inflammation

Chapter – 5 ( IMMUNOPATHOLOGY INCLUDING AMYLOIDOSIS )

Q. Define disease of immunity? Write briefly on primary or congenital immune deficiency disease?

Q. What is AIDS. What are the routes of transmission of HIV virus. Describe in brief the pathogenesis
of AIDS. Enumerate the opportunistic infection in AIDS:

Q. What is AIDS? What are the early sign and symptoms of AIDS?

Q What is Amyloid? Discuss the different types of Amyloidosis?

✓ q. Auto immune disorder

✓ q. Type I hypersentivity reaction
✓ q. primary amyloidosis3
✓ q. Amylodosis

Chapter-6 ( DEARRANGEMENT OF HOMEOSTASIS AND AMYLOIDOSIS)

Q. what is oedma? Discuss the etiopathogenesis of oedma?

Q. Define thrombosis? State briefly the pathogenesis of thrombosis , mention theirs complication?

Q. Define shock. Enumerate the causes of shock. Write in brief of pathogenesis of septic shock?

✓ Hypovelmic shock
✓ Septic shock
✓ Nutmeg liver
✓ Arterial and Venous thrombi
✓ Air Embolism
✓ Fate of thrombi
✓ Infarction
✓ Differentiate b/w Exduate & Transduate
✓ Cardiac oedma

Chapter -7 ( NEOPLASIA )

Q. Define Neoplasia. What are the gross and microscopic features of malignant tumor. Describe
in brief the routes of spread of tumours?

Q. What is metastasis? Enumerate the different routes of metasis with examples ? what is
Hamartoma?

✓ Microscopic examination of beningn & Maligant tumor

✓ Rb gene
✓ Para neoplastic syndrome
✓ Routes of Metasis

A Hungry Stomach & An Empty Wallet teaches the best lesson of life. 2
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Pathology
Written By Abhishek & Raj
Chapter- 9 ( ENVIRONMENTAL & NURTIONAL DISESE)

✓ Vitamin D deficiency

Chapter 10 ( GENETIC &PAEDIATIRC DISEASESES)

✓ Down syndrome
✓ Kline felter syndrome

SECTION II (HAEMATOPOIETIC AND LYMPORETICULAR SYSTEM)

Chapter-11 ( INTRODUCTION TO HAEMATOPOIETIC & DISORDERS OF ERTHYROID SERIES)

Q. what are the causes of iron deficiency anaemia? How will you diagnose a case of iron deficiency
anaemia in the laboratory?

Q. What is thalassemia? What are the different types of thalassemia ? What investigations will you
perform to diagnose a suspected case of thalassemia?

Q. What do you mean by anemia? Classify anaemia morphologically? Discuss in briefly cause of
microcytic Hypocronic anemia ?what is the ethipatogenesis of iron deficiency anaemia and also
enumerate the pheripheral blood finding in the same?

Q. What is Megoblastic Anemia ? Write down ethiopathogenesis & haematological finding in

megoblastic anaemia?

Q. Define anemia. Classify haemolytic anemia.

✓ Bone marrow puncture needle

✓ Extravascular & intravascular hemolysis
✓ Hemolytic anaemia
✓ Red cell indices
✓ Pancytopenia
✓ Aplastic anaemia

Chapter- 12 (HAEMOSTATIC SYSTEM, BLEEDIND DISORDER & TRANSFUSION BIOLOGY)

Q. Enumerate the causes of thrombocytopenia? What is the commonest cause of thrombocytopenia

in young females? What is the finding of laboratory investigation in such a case?

✓ Hazards of blood transfusion

✓ Hemophillia-A
✓ Idiopathic thrombocytopenia Purpura
✓ Prothrombin time

Chapter-13 (WHITE BLOOD CELLS- PROLIFERATION & MYELOD NEOPLASM)

Q. Define Leukaemia? Describe recent classification of Acute leukaemia with laboratory finding?

A Hungry Stomach & An Empty Wallet teaches the best lesson of life. 3
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Pathology
Written By Abhishek & Raj
Q. CML

✓ Leukemoid reaction
✓ Myeloblast & lympoblast
✓ Eosinophillia

Chapter-14 ( DISEASE OF LYMPHOID CELLS OF BLOOD AND LYPHORETICULAR ORGANS)

✓ FAB classification of Acute Leukemia

✓ Lardaceous Spleen
✓ Sago spleen
✓ Red Sternberg cell

SECTION III (SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY)

Chapter- 15 (BLOOD VESSELS &LYMPHATICS)

Q. Define atherosclerosis? Enumerate the risk factor involved in the pathogenesis of

atherosclerosis? State the clinico- pathlogical features of glomus tumour?

Chapter- 16 ( THE HEART)

Q. describe ethiopathogenesis & clinical investigation of Acute Myocardial Infraction?

Q. What is the Ischaemic Heart Disease? Describe in brief the ethiopatogenesis of IHD? What are
the gross and microscopic changes in Acute Myocardial Infarction?

Q. describe the pathogenesis, morphology & complication of Myocardial Infarction?

✓ Aschoff body
✓ Biomarkers of MI

Chapter-17 (THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM)

Q. classifies malignant epithelial lung tumours? What are the predisposing factors of these
tumours? What are the paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung tumours?

Q. Enumerate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease? Write down the ethiopathogenesis of

Pulmonary Emphysema?

Q. what is Pneumonia? Describe the different stages of Lobar Pneumonia. How it differ from
BronchoPneumonia?

✓ Chronic bronchitis
✓ Pathogenesis of atopic asthma
✓ Lobar Pneumonia & Bronchpneumonia
✓ Emphysema of lung

Chapter- 20 ( THE GASTROINTESTINAL DISESAE)

A Hungry Stomach & An Empty Wallet teaches the best lesson of life. 4
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Pathology
Written By Abhishek & Raj
Q. what is peptic ulcer? What are the sites where peptic ulcer can occur? How will you
differentiate a benign gastric ulcer from a malignant ulcer?

Q. Describe the epidemiology, aetiology, gross picture& microscopic picture of gastric carcinoma?

Q. Enumerate the different neoplastic benign and malignant tumour of salivary gland? Describe
the gross and microscopic features of one of them?

Q. describe the ethiopathogenis of Crohn’s disease and its morphology? What are the difference
between Crohn’s & Ulcerative colilis.

✓ Gastric and Duodenal ulcer

✓ Barett’s oesophagus
✓ Regional enteritis & ulcerative colitis

Chapter-21 ( THE LIVER, BILLARY TRACT & EXOCRINE PANCREAS)

Q. what is jaundice? What are the various types of jaundics seen in clincs?

Q. Describe the ethipathogenesis & complication of carcinoma of liver?

Q. what is cirrhosis of liver? Enumerate the causes of cirrhosis? Describe the gross &
microscopic finding of a cirrhosis liver?

Q. define cirrhosis? Briefly describe the pathogenesis of portal cirrhosis. State the
mechanisms of development of ascites in cirrhosis.

Q. define and classify cirrhosis. Discuss the ethipathogenesis, morphology and

compication of Alcohloic cirrhosis.

✓ Types of Gall bladder stones

✓ Complication f Hepatitis- B
✓ Urobilinogen

Chapter-22 ( THE KIDENYS AND LOWER URINARY TRACT)

Q. what is Nephrotic Syndrome? Enumerate the conditions leading to Nephrotic

Syndrome? Write down the morphology of minimal lesion Glomerulo Nephritis.

Q. What is Nephrotic Syndrome? Enumerate the primary renal disease causing Nephrotic
Syndrome. Write down the urinary finding in case of Nephrotic syndrome.Describe in
short the histopathology of RPGN (Rapidly Progressive Glomerulo Nephritis).

✓ Minimal changes disease

✓ Urinary cast
✓ Nephritic & nephritic syndrome
✓ Proteinuria

A Hungry Stomach & An Empty Wallet teaches the best lesson of life. 5
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Pathology
Written By Abhishek & Raj
Chapter-23 (THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND PROSTATE)

Q. classify germ cell tumours of the testis? Describe the gross & microscopically feature of
the commonest germ cell tumours of testis. What are the serum markers of this type of
tumours?

✓ Seminoma
✓ Germ cell tumour of testis

Chapter-24 ( THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT)

Q. Enumerate the types of carcinoma of cervix? Describe the gross & microscopic
appearance of most common types of carcinoma cervix?

Q. classify ovarian tumour? Describe in brief about ovarian tumour? Describe in brief
about ovarian tetratoma? microscopic

✓ Compete & partial mole

✓ Leviomyoma of uterus
✓ Hydatidiform mole
✓ Dermatoid cyst of ovary

Chapter-25 ( THE BREAST)

Q. classify Breast tumour? Write down the morphology of Fibro adenoma of Breast?

✓ Risk factors of carcinoma of breast

✓ Paget’s disease of Breast

Chapter-26 (THE SKIN)

✓ Basal cell carcinoma

Chapter-27 (THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM)

Q. Enumerate the different malignant lesion of thyroid? Describe the gross picture &
microscopic picture of papillary carcinoma of thyroid?

Q. describe briefly the ethipathogenesis of Colloid goitre of thyroid. Describe the

microscopic features of such a lesion.

✓ Multinodular goitre
✓ Diabetes mellitus
✓ Colloid goitre
✓ Papillary medullary carcinoma of thyroid
✓ Hashimotto thryroiditis

A Hungry Stomach & An Empty Wallet teaches the best lesson of life. 6
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Pathology
Written By Abhishek & Raj
Chapter- 28 (THE MUSKULOSKELTAL SYSTEM)

Q. Describe the pathogenesis of pyrogenic osteomyelitis? What are the complications of

osteommyelitis? What are involucrum & sequestrum?

Q. Classify Bone tumour? Describe in brief about Giant Cell Tumour?

✓ Ewing’s sarcoma

Chapter-30 (THE NERVOUS SYSTEM)

✓ CSF finding in tuberculous Meninngitis

✓ Pyrogenic meningitis
✓ Tunercular & Acute Pyrogenic Meningitis

Appendices

✓ Fine needle aspiration cytology

A Hungry Stomach & An Empty Wallet teaches the best lesson of life. 7
- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Pathology