HELE 6_ PROPAGATING TREES AND FRUIT-BEARING TREES USING
SCIENTIFIC PROCESS
Basic tools and equipment necessary for plant propagation
Pruning Shears - for trimming and pruning trees and bushes
Budding Knife – for grafting grapevines and roses
Grafting Knife – to open the tissues and line up the cambium tissues when
grafting
Fine-tooth saw – for cleft grafting
Scalpel, sharp knife or razor blade – to cut selected parts or pieces from
the mother plant
Light hammer – used for bridge grafting
Cleft grafting chisel or mallet – to pry open the split in the stock while
inserting the scion during cleft-grafting
Grafting and budding compound – to covering grafts
Budding Knife Pruning Shears Grafting Knife
Fine-tooth saw
Scalpel Light Hammer Cleft-grafting Grafting
and
budding compound
________________1. for trimming and pruning trees and bushes
________________2. for grafting grapevines and roses
________________3. to open the tissues and line up the cambium tissues when
grafting
________________4. for cleft grafting
________________5. to cut selected parts or pieces from the mother plant
________________6. used for bridge grafting
________________7. to pry open the split in the stock while inserting the scion
during cleft-grafting
________________8. Used to covering grafts
HELE 6_ PROPAGATING TREES AND FRUIT-BEARING TREES USING
SCIENTIFIC PROCESS
Scientific Ways of Propagating Fruit-bearing Trees
I. Grafting – propagation technique whereby a part taken from one
plant (scion) is made to unite and grow upon another plant or part of
a plant (stock)
Young, vigorous fruit trees up to five years old are best for top working
Best time to graft is when the buds of understock trees begin to open
until blossom time.
Grafting Methods
A. Whip Grafting
1. Choose a cultivar and a rootstock
2. Prepare the scion
3. Cut tongues
4. Introduce the scion
5. Secure the scion
6. Look after the graft
B. Bark Grafting
1. Choose a cultivar and a rootstock
2. Cut the root stock
3. Prepare the scions
4. Prepare the rootstock
5. Introduce the scions
6. Seal the graft
7. Look after the graft
C. Cleft Grafting
1. Choose a cultivar and a rootstock
2. Cut the root stock
3. Split the rootstock
4. Prepare the scions
5. Insert the scions into the rootstock
6. Seal the graft
7. Look after the graft
II. Budding
Often called Bud grafting
An artificial method of vegetative propagation in plants
This method is used to convert one plant (the rootstock) into
another plant type with desirable characteristics
A. T-Budding
1. Choose a cultivar and a rootstock
2. Cut a scion
3. Make a T-cut on the rootstock
4. Introduce the scion
5. Tie the scion to the rootstock
6. Remove the tie
7. Follow up the bud
8. Remove other material
B. Chip Budding
1. Cut a scion from the cultivar
2. Introduce the scion to the rootstock
3. Secure the scion
4. Remove the tie
5. Follow up on the bud
6. Remove other material
III. Marcotting
Air layering
Vegetative method of propagating a fruit-bearing tree from an
existing one, which will bear fruit with the same taste as the
mother plant
Steps in Air-Layering
1. Select a right branch
2. Make two clean cuts around the branch
3. Peel off the bark between two cuts
4. Make a ball of soil mixed with tree moss or soil mixed with sand
5. Wrap the soil using a plastic sheet of right size
6. Tie the ends tightly with cotton thread
7. See the roots through the plastic sheet
8. Remove the wrapping
9. Cut the branch just below the rooted portion with pruning
shears
HELE 6_ PROPAGATING TREES AND FRUIT-BEARING TREES USING
SCIENTIFIC PROCESS
A. Identify the following
Understock Cambium Cultivar Scion
Topworking Budstick Dormant rootstock
_______________1. The part below the graft on which scion is inserted
_______________2. The operation of cutting back the branches and top of an
established tree
_______________3. A shoot of the current season’s growth used for budding
_______________4. A type of grafting that consists of inserting a single bud
into a stock
_______________5. Used in place of the term “variety”
_______________6. The part inserted on the understock
_______________7. That part of a tree which becomes the root system of
grafted or budded tree
_______________8. The condition of live trees at rest
B. Arrange the “Steps in Air-Layering” in the correct order. Write
numbers 1 to 7, 1 being the first.
_______________ Select the right branch
_______________ Peel off the bark
_______________ Make deep cuts
_______________ Wrap with plastic sheet
_______________ Remove the wrapping
_______________ Prune the rooted branch
_______________ See the roots through the plastic sheet
