TENSES
TENSES
PRESENT
PAST FUTURE
PERFECT
SIMPLE/ CONTINUOUS/
PERFECT CONTINUOUS /PERFECT
INDEFINITE PROGRESSIVE
PROGRESSIVE
PRESENT TENSE.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE/ PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE.
1 POSITIVE – S + V1/V4 + O
SHE DOES HER HOMEWORK ON TIME.
2. NEGATIVE – S + DO\DOES + NOT + V1 + O
DO/DOES – HELPING VERB ( DO – PLURAL SUBJECTS : DOES
– SINGULAR SUBJECTS)
V1 – MAIN VERB.
SHE DOES NOT COOK BAD.
THEY DO NOT COMPLETE THEIR HOMEWORK.
3. INTERROGATIVE – DO/DOES + S + V1 + O + ?
DOES SHE WRITE THIS LETTER?
DO YOU KNOW HER ADDRESS? WITH
DID
WE ALWAYS USE
SIMPLE PAST TENSE. V1 ( FIRST FORM OF VERB)
POSITIVE – S + V2 + O
SHE BROKE THE PENCIL.
SHE BOOKED THE TICKETS IN ADVANCE.
NEGATIVE – S + DID + NOT + V1 + O.
RAM DID NOT WORK HARD.
SEEMA DID NOT DO HER HOMEWORK.
INTERROGATIVE – DID + S + V1 + O+ ?
DID YOU WRITE THIS LETTER?
DID I PLAY WITH YOU?
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE. SHALL - I & WE
POSITIVE – S + WILL/SHALL + V1 + O.
RAM WILL GO TO DELHI.
I WILL GO TO SCHOOL.
CONTINUOUS / PROGRESSIVE TENSES.
(V-ING FORM)
# MAIN VERB -------- ING FORM. CONTINOUS TENSE = ING FORM
OF VERB
PRESENT PAST FUTURE
( S + MV – ING + O) – COMMON IN ALL THREE TENSES.
HELPING VERBS – CHANGE ACCORDING TO TENSE.
HELPING IS/AM/ARE WAS/WERE WILL BE /
VERB SHALL BE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS / PRESENT PROGRESSIVE.
POSITIVE – S + IS/AM/ARE + V-ING + O
IS – HE, SHE, IT & SINGULAR SUBJECTS.
AM – I
ARE – YOU, WE, THEY & PLURAL SUBJECTS.
HE IS SINGING A SONG.
RAHUL AND RAM ARE PLAYING IN PARK.
NEGATIVE – S + IS/AM/ARE + NOT + V-ING + O
WE ARE NOT GOING TO SCHOOL.
SUNITA IS NOT LOOKING NICE.
INTERROGATIVE – IS/AM/ARE + S + V-ING +O + ?
ARE YOU GOING TO SCHOOL?
IS SHE DANCING TONIGHT IN THE PARTY?
AM I BEHAVING STRANGE?
PAST CONTINUOUS / PAST PROGRESSIVE.
POSITIVE - S + WAS/WERE + V- ING + O.
WAS – SINGULAR SUBJECTS, I
WERE – PLURAL SUBJECTS.
HE WAS PLAYING LUDO.
WE WERE FILLING WATER BOTTLE.
NEGATIVE - S + WAS/WERE + NOT + V-ING + O.
I WAS NOT COMPLETING MY WORK.
THEY WERE NOT CELEBRATING THEIR BIRTHDAY.
INTERROGATIVE – WAS/WERE + S + V-ING + O + ?
WAS I GOING WITH YOU?
WERE THEY BRINGING PEN?
FUTURE CONTINUOUS / PROGRESSIVE TENSE.
POSITIVE - S + WILL/SHALL + BE + V-ING + O.
SHE WILL BE BUYING BOOKS.
INDIA WILL BE HOSTING THE NEXT OLYMPIC GAMES.
NEGATIVE - S + WILL / SHALL + NOT + BE + V-ING + O.
Rohan will not be bringing grocery from market.
Seema will not be working in the shop.
INTERROGATIVE - WILL / SHALL + S+ BE + V – ING + O +?
WILL INDIA BE HOSTING THE NEXT OLYMPIC GAMES?
WILL ROHAN BE BRINGING GROCERY FROM MARKET?
PAST CONTINUOUS WAS/WERE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS IS/AM/ARE
FUTURE CONTINUOUS WILL/SHALL + V – ING
BE
PERFECT TENSE.
PERFECT TENSE = MAIN VERB IN 3RD FORM
PAST PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT FUTURE PERFECT
HAD HAS / HAVE WILL / SHALL +
HAVE
PAST PERFECT TENSE
POSITIVE - S + HAD + V- 3RD FORM + O.
SHE HAD BROKEN THE PENCIL.
HE HAD SUNG A SONG.
NEGATIVE – S + HAD + NOT + V-3RD FORM + O.
SHE HAD NOT BROKEN THE PENCIL.
HE HAD NOT ATTENDED THE MEETING.
INTERROGATIVE - HAD + S + V – 3RD FORM + O +?
HAD SHE BROKEN THE PENCIL?
HAD HE SUNG THE SONG?
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE.
POSITIVE - S + WILL / SHALL + HAVE + V-3RD FORM + O.
SITA WILL HAVE WRITTEN A BOOK.
HE WILL HAVE RUNG THE DOORBELL.
NEGATIVE - S + WILL/ SHALL + NOT + HAVE + V-3RD FORM +O.
SITA WILL NOT HAVE WRITTEN A BOOK.
HE WILL NOT HAVE RUNG THE DOORBELL.
INTERROGATIVE – WILL/SHALL+ S + HAVE + V-3RD FORM +
O+?
WILL SITA HAVE WRITTEN A BOOK?
WILL HE HAVE RUNG THE DOORBELL?
PRESENT PERFECT
POSITIVE – S +HAS / HAVE + V-3RD FORM + O.
# HAS – SINGULAR SUBJECTS.
# HAVE – PLURAL SUBJECTS.
RENU HAS PLAYED WITH HER TOYS.
THEY HAVE MADE COOKIES.
NEGATIVE – S + HAS/HAVE + NOT + V-3RD FORM + O.
THEY HAVE NOT GONE TO SCHOOL.
PIHU HAS NOT BOUGHT THE NEW BOOKS.
INTERROGATIVE – HAS/HAVE + S + V-3RD FORM + O + ?
HAVE I TAKEN YOUR BOOK?
HAS SHE GONE TO MARKET?
PERFECT CONTINUOUS / PROGRESSIVE TENSE.
MAIN VERB - V-ING FORM
PRESENT PAST FUTURE
HAS / HAVE + BEEN HAD + BEEN WILL/SHALL +
HAVE + BEEN.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE.
POSITIVE - S + HAS / HAVE + BEEN + V-ING + O + SINCE/FOR +
TIME PHRASE.
SINCE – EXACT TIME POINT. (MORNING, CLASS 2ND,
CHILDHOOD)
FOR – TIME PERIOD. (TEN DAYS, FIVE HOURS, ONE MONTH,
SEVEN YEARS.)
I HAVE BEEN STUDYING ENGLISH FOR THREE YEARS.
SHE HAS BEEN WORKING ON HER PROJECT SINCE
MORNING.
