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ScribdTranslationsQuestion Bank: SUPER CHARGER
1. How does a supercharger work?
Air enters the intake through an opening at one end of the cover and passes through the rotors.
that generate the same drive as the engine belts with the drive pulley and exit
compressed from the other end
2. Main parts of a supercharger
1.- air filter
2.- air intake tube
3.- intake manifold
4.- cover of the paper feeder
5.- gear admission system
6.- rotors 8.- pulley
7.- unloading port 9.- belt of
transmission
3. What is the operational range of a supercharger?
11,000 feet, as this is the altitude where oxygen begins to be deficient for the engine due to
the pressure and density of air
4. How is the stoichiometric mixture related to the supercharger?
Due to the type of mixture, which is a rich mixture.
5. What does a supercharger work with mechanically?
It works thanks to a set of gears that are embedded in the crankshaft, which operate
jointly
Turbocharger
What is a turbocharger?
A turbocharger is a rotary air pressure supercharging system.
2. What are the parts of a turbocharger?
• Intake snail
• Compressor
• Axis
• Bearings
• Turbine
• Escape snail
3. describe the operating principle of the turbocharger:
The engine power is proportional to the amount of air and fuel that can enter.
in the cylinders. Under equal conditions, larger engines flow more air and,
as such, they will produce more energy. If we want our small engine to work like
a great engine or simply getting our largest engine to produce more energy,
our essential goal is to supply more air into the cylinder. By installing a
Turbo, the power and performance of an engine can be drastically increased.
Intake compressor
2. Compressor download
3. Cooler air charging (CAC) or turbocharged (turbocharger)
4. Intake valve
5. Escape valve
6. Turbine inlet
7. Approval of turbine management
The air filter (not visible) through which the ambient air passes before entering the
compressor (1).
The air is compressed and the density of the air (Mass/Unit Volume) increases.
turbocharged engines have an intake air cooler (intercooler AKA), which
cool the compressed air to further increase its density and to increase resistance
to the detonation.
After passing through the intake manifold (4), the air enters the engine cylinders, which
they contain a fixed volume. Since the air is at high density, each cylinder can
work at a higher mass flow rate of air. The upper mass and the air flow rate
allows for a higher fuel flow rate (with similar air/fuel ratios)
(fuel). Complete combustion allows us to achieve more results in power produced by
a certain size or displacement.
After the fuel burns in the cylinder, it is exhausted through the cylinder's exhaust.
up to the exhaust collector. (5)
The high-temperature gas continues to the turbine (6). The turbine creates a compression in the
engine in which it means that the exhaust pressure of the engine is greater than the pressure
atmospheric.
A drop in pressure and temperature occurs (expansion). Through the turbine (7),
that takes advantage of the exhaust gas energy to provide the necessary power for
activate the compressor.
4. Mention the types of turbochargers that exist:
Turbo simple
Twin turbocharger
Variable geometry turbocharger
Twin-scroll variable geometry turbo
Electric turbocharger
5. What happens to the engine power when the drain valve is fully
closed?
The power in the turbine is maximum, and thus that of the engine.
6. What is turbo lag?
It is the delay that exists between the engine acceleration and the increase in power that
provides the turbocharger. This is because it takes time for the turbine
receive the increase in exhaust gases.
Exhibition 3 Fuel Injection
1.- At the time of mixing air and fuel, what is the main difference?
between carburetion and injection?
In the carburetion, the mixture is made inside the carburetor and in the case of injection.
the mixture is made directly in the combustion chamber
2.- Why is there greater torque in the injection system?
Because in the carburetion, the fuel is introduced in 'jets', that is to say, it does not cover the entire
surface is equal; while the injection allows covering all areas ensuring that when
moment of combustion the force falls across the entire cylinder.
3.- The main function of the canister system
It allows for the use of gases or vapors that are produced in the fuel tank,
transporting it to another depot to be burned at an ideal moment.
4.- It is the unit that receives data from the sensors and after making calculations
corresponding sends signals to the actuators throughout the engine
Electronic control unit or 'computer'
5.- At least 3 reasons why the development of the carburetor stopped
Dependence on renewable energy
Excessive fuel consumption
1973 oil crisis
It is mechanical and inefficient
Fuel leaks during aircraft maneuvers.
6.- Type of injection, in which the injectors are located in the area closest to the
engine block, at the end of the intake manifold
Direct injection
Indirect injection
Single point injection
7.- Type of injection that uses a single injector. It is located in the intake manifold,
behind the admission butterfly
Direct injection
Indirect injection
Single Point Injection
8.- Its function is to ensure the level of fuel purity to prevent damage to the
injection system:
Fuel Depot
Transport lines
R= Fuel Filter
Pre-feed pump
9.- Type of injection in which the injectors open at time intervals
determined
Sequential Injection
Semi-sequential injection
R=Intermittent Injection
10.- Describe what the advantages of direct injection are:
The fuel and air are mixed to the maximum.
Development of higher powers
Reduction of exhaust gases
Complete combustion
POWER TEAM QUESTIONNAIRE AT ALTITUDE
1. Describe the concept of altitude-pressure.
Are you referring to the altitude corrected for pressure?
2. Describe the concept of altitude-density.
It refers to the altitude corrected for temperature
3. What does it indicate to the pilot of an aircraft the type of mixture they should use?
take off?
Altitude, temperature, and weight
4. What percentage of excess air should be added to the ideal mixture to
correct the highest fuel efficiency in the engine?
5% air for better performance and 20% fuel for greater power
5. Based on which instruments are the data obtained to use the curves of
power at altitude.
Counter, manometer, altimeter, and thermometer.
DETANATION AND OCTANE QUESTIONS
What is detonation?
It is a rapid and violent combustion of the air/fuel mixture in the chamber(s) of
combustion of the engine, after the ignition by the spark or electric arc in the spark plug(s).
What are the most common effects of detonation?
Detonation can cause three types of engine failure depending on the source and severity:
Mechanical damages are due to intensified impact and cause the fracture of parts of the
motor. It especially affects the upper part or the second ring of the piston.
In abrasion, the piston head gradually erodes, creating a microscopic effect.
of Swiss cheese on its surface, resulting in lower efficiency and eventual failure.
The overheating, this overheating of the engine will continue as
Temperatures will rise, which will cause a greater explosion.
What is the process of Surface Ignition?
• A flame front begins.
• Hot spot of the combustion chamber
• Spark plug electrode or some carbon deposit on the piston
• Before (pre-ignition) or after (post-ignition) the spark jump
What does octane rating measure?
The only thing it measures is the fuel's susceptibility to experiencing premature detonation.
What is desired with a higher cetane number?
Easier autoignition in shorter time intervals.
Presentation Questions Theory of Combustion
1.- Give examples of solid fuel?
Firewood
Charcoal
Fossil coal
2.- What is the main difference and in which cycle do fuels and oils work?
Volatility
Otto and Diesel Cycle
3.- What does the filtration test consist of?
R = The time it takes for a given volume of oil to pass through a certain filter under a
preset temperature and pressure
And to indicate the degree of separation of the paraffin
4.- What are the 4 processes for greater fuel extraction from oil?
R=Cracking, polymerization, hydrogenation and annihilation
5.- Mention 2 of the data that can be obtained from specific weight: volume,
weight and thermal tone
6.- What is the minimum percentage of aviation gasoline that must evaporate at 100°C?
50%
7.- What is the fuel with an octane number considered as 100?
Isothane
8.- What is an additive to improve octane?
Tetraethyl Lead