ANTIGUA

ANTIGUA.

Landscapes.
Nelson's Dockyard and king George VI.
Third stamp in a set of 12, issued in 1943.
Face value: 1,1/2 British penny.
Design: A. W. Morley.
Printed by Waterlow & Sons Ltd.
Printing: Recess.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 80a.
- Scott No. 86.
- StampWorld No. 80.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 100a.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 83.

Nelson's Dockyard is a cultural heritage site and marina in English Harbour, located in Saint Paul Parish on the island of Antigua. It is part of Nelson's Dockyard National Park, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is named after Admiral Horatio Nelson, who lived in the Royal Navy Dockyard from 1784 through 1787. After England acquired colonial British Antigua and Barbuda in 1632, the English Harbour became a focal point for the establishment of a naval base. Its position on the south side of Antigua island facilitated the monitoring of the neighbouring French island of Guadeloupe. Construction of the modern Naval Dockyard began in the 1740s. The Naval Officer's and Clerk's House was built in 1855 and is now home to the Dockyard Museum. In 1889 the Royal Navy abandoned the dockyard, and it fell into decay. The Society of the Friends of English Harbour began restoration of the dockyard in 1951, and a decade later it was opened to the public.

UNITED STATES

UNITED STATES.

Nevada First Settlement Centennial.
Carson Valley arount 1850.
Stamp issued on 14.07.1951.
Face value: 3 cents of United States dollar.
Printing: Recess.
Print: 112,000,000 copies.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 617.
- Scott No. 999.
- StampWorld No. 808.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 996.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 550.

Currently, Carson Valley is included in the Nevada Micropolitan Statistical Area, within Douglas County. In 1851, the town of Genoa, situated within the Carson River Valley, approximately 68 km (42 mi) south of Reno, was the first permanent settlement in Nevada by Mormon traders selling goods to settlers on their way to California. The settlement originated as a trading post called Mormon Station. In 1856, Orson Hyde changed the name of the community to Genoa, after the Italian city. Genoa served as the first capital of the Nevada Territory in 1861, until it was moved that year to Carson City. Nevada's first newspaper, the Territorial Enterprise, was founded in Genoa in 1858, but moved to Virginia City in 1860. Douglas County is located in western Nevada and extends from Carson Valley to the Sierra Nevada.

SWEDEN

SWEDEN / SVERIGE.

Landscapes of the Stockholm archipelago.
Långviksskär Nature Reserve.
Second stamp in a set of 4, issued on 13.05.2004.
No face value (INRIKES BREV)
Design: J. Wikström.
Printed by Kungliga Postens Frimärkstryckeri.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 38 x 27 mm.

- AFA No. 2337.
- Facit No. 2426.
- Michel No. 2407.
- Scott No. 2484b.
- StampWorld No. 2409.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 2332.
- Unificato No. 2389.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2389.

The Stockholm Archipelago, in the Baltic Sea, east of the Swedish capital, is made up of some 300 islands and islets that are part of the Värmdö Minicipality. It is a large nature reserve protected since 1983, with an area of 28 hectares. The reserve includes the island of Långviksskär and the surrounding archipelago, with the natural harbors of Hallskär and Söderö.

IRAN

IRAN / ایران

Definitive stamps.
Farahnaz Dam and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi.
Third stamp in a set of 11, issued on 01.09.1974.
Face value: 50 Iranian dinar.
Printing: Photogravure.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1740.
- Scott No. 1822.
- StampWorld No. 1741.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1898.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1611.

Farahnaz Dam, now know as Latiyan Dam (Persian: سد لتيان), built for the Tehran Regional Water Board between 1963 and 1967, is a concrete max gravity structure located in a maximum height of 107 m (351 ft) and a crest length of nearly 360 m (1,181 ft). It is located 25 km (15.5 mi) north-est of Tehran, in the south of city of Lavasan, in the course of the Jajrud River, southern part of central Alborz mountain range. Associated with the dam are a hydro-electric peak power station.

GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC

GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC / DEUTSCHE DEMOKRATISCHE REPUBLIK.

500th anniversary of the birth of Thomas Müntzer.
Map with the most representative locations in the life of Müntzer.
Minisheet issued on 21.03.1989.
Face value: 110 East German pfennig.
Design: Gerhard Schmidt.
Printed by Deutsche Wertpapierdruckerei (VEB), Leipzig.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 2,100,000 copies.
Size: 86 x 66 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. BL97.
- Scott No. 2736.
- StampWorld No. 2979.
- Stanley Gibbons No. MSE2938.
- Unificato No. BF97.
- Yvert et Tellier No. BF96.

Thomas Müntzer (1489 or 1490 – May 27, 1525) was a German preacher and theologian of the early Reformation whose opposition to both Martin Luther and the Roman Catholic Church led to his open defiance of late-feudal authority in central Germany. He became a leader of the German peasant and plebeian uprising of 1525 commonly known as the German Peasants' War. He was captured after the Battle of Frankenhausen, tortured and executed.

AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTIC TERRITORY

AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTIC TERRITORY.

Shackleton Expedition at South Magnetic Pole, 1908-1909.
Members of the British Anctartic Expedition.
Stamp issued on 05.07.1961.
Face value: 5 Australian penny.
Design and engraving: Frank Davies Manley (1894-1976) and George Lissenden.
Printing: Recess.
Print: 46,455,000 copies.
Size: 24 x 29 mm.

Catalogs
- Brusden-White No. 3.
- Michel No. 6.
- Scott No. L6.
- Seven Seas Stamps No. 3.
- StampWorld No. 6.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 6.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 6.

In 1907 Irish explorer Ernest Shackleton led an expedition to Antarctica aboard the Nimrod. On October 5, 1908, his three companions depicted on the stamp, Edgeworth David, Alistair Mackay, and Douglas Mawson, set out a march that took them to the southernmost point ever trodden by human beings, the South Magnetic Pole, northwest of the Ross Island, which they reached on January 16, 1909. The trio had covered a distance of 2,030 km (1,260 mi) feeding on seals and penguins.

MADAGASCAR

MADAGASCAR / REPOBLIKA MALAGASY.

Transportation.
President Tsiranana Bridge.
Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 04.01.1962.
Face value: 25 French African CFA francs.
Design and engraving: GilbertAufschneider (b. 1927).
Printing: Recess.
Size: 41 x 27 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 474.
- Scott No. 324.
- StampWorld No. 523.
- Stanley Gibbons No. R-36.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 361.

The President Tsiranana Bridge over the Sofia River is located between the towns of Antsohihy and Boriziny, in the Sofia region of northwestern Madagascar. The RN6 national road runs through it. It has now lost its original name, which was that of the first president of the country after its independence from France, Philibert Tsiranana, who remained in power until October 1972. [No further information on this bridge could be obtained.]

NORTH KOREA

NORTH KOREA / 북조선 - 북한 - 北朝

Mountain landscapes.
Waterfall on Mount Myohyang.
Third stamp in a set of 4, issued 09.09.1973.
Face value: 10 North Korean chon.
Printing: Offset lithography.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1191.
- Scott No. 1138.
- StampWorld No. 1218.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1167.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1110.

The Mount Myohyang (Hangul: 묘향산 ["Mysterious Fragrant Mountain"]), 1,909 m (6,263 ft) high, is named after the mystic shapes and fragrances found in the area. It is a sacred site as, according to legend, it was the home of King Dangun, forefather of the Korean people. Much of the mountain is covered by mixed broadleaf and coniferous forest and protected in a 16,000 hectares (62 sq mi) national park. Some 7,000 hectares (27 sq mi) have been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA). In 2009 UNESCO designated this mountain a world biosphere reserve, citing its cultural significance as well as the spectacular cliffs providing habitat for 30 endemic plant species, 16 plant species that are globally threatened and 12 endangered animal species.

CHINA REPUBLIC (Taiwan)

REPUBLIC OF CHINA (Taiwan) / 中華民國 (臺灣)

Taiwan Scenery.
Taroko Gorge.
First stamp in a set of 4, issued on 22.03.1974.
Face value: 1 Taiwanese new dollar.
Design: Liu Pao-chin.
Printed by Helio Courvoisier S.A., La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 3,000,000 copies.
Size: 28.5 x 39.2 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1004.
- Scott No. 1871.
- StampWorld No. 1004.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 984.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 937.

The marble gorge of Taroko is located in Hualien County (east of Taiwan Island), into the Taroko National Park. It is carved by Liwu River. Its name is due to the aboriginal tribe Truku or Taroko (Chinese: 太魯閣). The road seen in the stamp was built in the 1950s. The park and gorge are one of Taiwan's main tourist attractions.

NETHERLANDS

NETHERLANDS / NEDERLAND.

350th Anniversary of Abel Tasman's Discovery of New Zealand.
Old map of Wainui Inlet coast, in South Island of New Zealand, and Tasman's Route.
Stamp issued on 12.03.1992.
Face value: 70 Dutch cents.
Design: Heng Glaesener.
Printed by Joh. Enschedé Stamps, Haarlem, Netherlands.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 12,432,050 copies.
Size: 37 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 1437.
- Michel No. 1435.
- Scott No. 809.
- StampWorld No. 1435.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1636.
- Yvert et Tellier No.  1399.

Abel Tasman (1603-1659) was a Dutch seafarer, explorer, and merchant, best known for his voyages of 1642 and 1644 in the service of the Dutch East India Company. He was the first known European explorer to reach New Zealand and the islands of Fiji and Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania). On December 13, 1642 the members of his two-ship expedition sighted land on the north-west coast of the South Island, becoming the first Europeans to sight New Zealand. Tasman named it Staten Landt "in honor of the States General" (Dutch parliament). On December 18, the ships anchored near Wainui Bay, north of what is now Abel Tasman National Park. The expeditionaries had a violent encounter with the local indigenous Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri. Tasman named the place Moordenaers ('Assassins') Bay before sailing east to the Manawatu coast of the North Island.

SPAIN

SPAIN / ESPAÑA.

Explorers of Oceania.
Ruy López de Villalobos and Map.
Stamp issued on 22.06.2021.
Face value: 2.50 euro.
Printing: Offset lithography on wood paper.
Printed by F.N.M.T. (Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre), Madrid.
Print: 160,000 copies.
Size: 57.75 x 41 mm.

- Edifil No. 5498.
- Michel No. 5548.
- Scott No. 4538.
- StampWorld No. 5552.
- Unificato No. 5281.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 5253.

Beginning with the expedition of Magellan and Elcano (1519-1522), Spain made numerous expeditions to the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the exploration and discovery of numerous territories, many of which were later incorporated into the Spanish Empire. On November 1, 1542, Ruy López de Villalobos sailed with six ships and about 400 men from Barra de Navidad (Jalisco, Mexico) heading southwest towards the South Pacific and reached the island of Mindanao, after discovering some land. From there the expedition headed for the Spice Islands (Moluccas). Among Villalobos' discoveries are the Clarión Island; Wotje Atoll in the eastern Marshalls; the insular group of Kwajalein atolls (what they called “The Garden Islands”), in the central Marshalls; Fais Island in the western Marshalls and Yap Island in the western Carolinas. Villalobos died on April 4, 1544 on the island of Ambon, in the Moluccas.

GUERNSEY

GUERNSEY / GUERNESEY - GERNÉSI.

Bailiwick Views.
Petit Bot Beach.
First stamp in a set of 2, issued on 28.03.1988.
Face value: 12 Guernsey penny.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 26.3 x 34.3 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 408.
- Michel No. 413A.
- Scott No. 372.
- StampWorld No. 408.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 306b.
- Unificato No. 417.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 417.

Petit Bot Bay, with its beach, sits at the base of two wooded valleys in a sheltered section of Guernsey's south coast. The Martello Tower is seen on the stamp, one of the two towers that have survived of the fifteen that were built on the coast of the island between 1778 and 1779 to deter possible French attacks after France declared itself an ally of the Americans in the American Revolutionary War. The tower, open to the public, features a small interpretive exhibit. These towers were designed to accommodate muskets only (i. e. there was no provision for artillery), and their manning was the responsibility of the Royal Guernsey Militia.

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Thanks to Dragan Buškulić for his contribution (https://worldofstamp2.wordpress.com/).

FRENCH SUDAN

FRENCH SUDAN / SOUDAN FRANÇAIS.

Centenary of René Caillié.
Map of Northwestern Africa and portrait of Caillié.
Second stamp in a set of 3, issued on 05.04.1939.
Face value: 2 French francs.
Design and engraving: René Cottet (1902-1992).
Printed by Institut de Gravure et d'Impression de Papiers-Valeurs, Paris.
Printing: Recess and typography.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 114.
- Scott No. 114.
- StampWorld No. 114.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 199.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 101.

Auguste René Caillié (1799 –1838) was a French explorer and the first European to return alive from the town of Timbuktu. Caillié had been preceded at Timbuktu by a British officer, who was murdered in September 1826 on leaving the city. The map indicates the route that Caillié followed through French West Africa (Afrique Occidentale Française, AOF) from Kakony near Boké, in present-day Gunea, on April 19, 1827, through Tiémé, in present-day Ivory Coast, and Djenné, in present-day Mali. After various adventures, he finally reached Timboktu on April 20, 1828. After spending a fortnight in Timbuktu, Caillié left the city on 4 May 1828 accompanying a caravan of 600 camels heading north across the Sahara Desert until reaching Fez, in August, Rabat and Tangier (Morocco), from where he returned to France by sea. In 1830 he published a description of the city of Timboktu in the Revue des deux mondes, and a Journal d'un voyage à Temboctou et à Jenné dans l'Afrique centrale (‘Diary of a trip to Timbuktu and Djenné in Central Africa’), in three volumes.

JAMAICA

JAMAICA.

Definitive stamps.
Rafting in the Rio Grande and portrait of the Queen Elizabeth II.
Eleventh stamp in a set of 16, issued on 15.11.1956.
Face value: 1'6 Jamaican shilling.
Printed by De La Rue & Co. Ltd.
Printing: Recess.
Size: 35 x 25 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 171.
- Scott No. 169.
- StampWorld No. 174.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 169.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 176.

The Rio Grande, one of the largest rivers in Jamaica, found in the parish of Portland, and empties into the Caribbean Sea on the north coast of the island. It was named Río Grande (“Big River”) by the Spanish, who controlled Jamaica in the 15th and 16th centuries.

BAHAWALPUR

BAHAWALPUR / بہاول پور

Silver Jubilee of the Nawab Sadiq Mohammad Khan V.
Panjnad Dam and portrait of the Nawab.
First stamp in a set of 4, issued on 03.03.1949,
Face value: 3 Pakistani pies.
Printed byPrinted by De La Rue & Co. Ltd., Basingstoke (England).
Printing: Recess.
Size: 36 x 31 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 22.
- Scott No. 22.
- StampWorld No. 22.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 39.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 18.

The Bahawalpur state (Urdu: بہاولپُور) was founded in 1609 by Nawab Bahawal Khan Abbasi. On February 22, 1833, Abbasi III entered into a subsidiary alliance with the British, by which Bahawalpur was admitted as a princely state of British India. After various vicissitudes, it remained independent until its voluntary incorporation into Pakistan on October 7, 1947, under Nawab Sadiq Muhammad Khan Abbasi V Bahadur, but remained an autonomous entity till October 14, 1955. Immediately after its accession to the Pakistani state, the Hindu and Sikh minority communities migrated to India, while Muslim refugees from India settled in the city of Bahawalpur and the region. The Royal House of Bahawalpur is said to be of Arabic origin and claims descent from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, progenitor of the Abbasid Caliphs of Baghdad and Cairo.

The Panjnad dam (Urdu: پنجند), on the river of the same name, was opened in 1929. It is located west of the city of Bahawalpur. It has three canals: Panjnad canal, Abbassia canal, and Abbassia link canal. These canals irrigate Bahawalpur and Rahim Yar Khan districts and the northern Sindh area.

MALI

MALI.

30th Anniversary of Amelia Earhart's Flight.
Simplified map of Mali and portrait of Amelia Earhart.
Airmail stamp issued on 29.05.1967.
Face value: 500 Malian francs.
Design: Pierrette Lambert (b. 1928).
Printed by Société Générale d'Impression, Toulouse.
Printing: Photogravure.
Size: 52 x 31 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 145.
- Scott No. C45.
- StampWorld No. 145.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 145.
- Yvert et Tellier No. PA45.

Amelia Mary Earhart (Atchison, Kansas, July 24, 1897 – disappeared in the Pacific Ocean on July 2, 1937; declared dead January 5, 1939) was an American aviation pioneer and writer. She was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean, and set many other records. She was one of the first aviators to promote commercial air travel, and wrote her best-selling books about her flying experiences. After many experiences as a pilot and after a first failed attempt, on May 20, 1937 she undertook in Oakland, California, the flight that would take her around the world, and after crossing the Atlantic from Natal (Brazil) to Saint-Louis (Senegal), on June 10, landed in Gao (French Sudan, now Mali), from where he left the next day for Fort-Lamy. He traveled in various stages through East Africa, British India, Burma, Siam (now Thailand), Singapore, the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), landing in Darwin (Australia) on June 28, and the next day in Lae (New Guinea), from where he left on July 2 for the Howland Island, where he no longer arrived: the last position he reported was the vicinity of the Nukumanu Atoll. She was just two days away from completing the course and landing back in Oakland.

CAMBODIA

CAMBODIA / ស្រុកខ្មែរ

Opening of Sihanoukville port.
Map of Souhanoukville and portrait of King Norodom Sihanouk.
Second stamp in a set of 3, issued on 02.04.1960.
Face value: 5 Cambodian riel.
Printing: Recess.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 99.
- Scott No. 77.
- StampWorld No. 99.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 99.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 85.

Sihanoukville (Khmer: ក្រុងព្រះសីហនុ [Krŏng Preăh Seihănŭ], also known as Kampong Som (Khmer: កំពង់សោម [Kâmpóng Saôm]), is a coastal city in Cambodia and the capital of Preah Sihanouk Province, at the tip of an elevated peninsula in the country's south-west on the Gulf of Thailand. The city, which was named in honour of former king Norodom Sihanouk (portrait on the stamp), had a population of around 73,000 people in 2019, and approximately 66,700 in its urban center. A relatively young city, established November 22, 1957, it has evolved in parallel with the construction of the Sihanoukville Autonomous Port, which commenced in June 1955, as the country's gateway to direct international sea trade. Sihanoukville's many beaches and nearby islands make it Cambodia's premier seaside resort with steadily rising numbers of national visitors and international tourists since the late-20th century.

GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC

GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC / DEUTSCHE DEMOKRATISCHE REPUBLIK.

Tourism.
Lilienstein Mountain and Elbe River.
First stamp in a set of 2, issued on 14.03.1961.
Face value: 20 East German pfennig.
Design: Erich Gruner (1881-1966).
Engraving: Oswin Volkamer (1930-2016).
Printed by Deutsche Wertpapierdruckerei (VEB).
Print: 83,000,000 copies.
Size: 21.5 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 617.
- Michel No. 815.
- Scott No. 537.
- StampWorld No. 557.
- Stanley Gibbons No. E549.
- Unificato No. 815.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 530.

Lilienstein is a highly distinctive mountain of 415.2 m (1,362 ft) in Saxony. It is one of the few table mountains on the east of the river Elbe and constitutes the symbol of the Saxon Switzerland National Park. The Elbe flows around the Lilienstein on three sides, which here describes a 180° loop. Lilienstein was first mentioned in a document in 1379, it was called Ylgenstein. In the High Middle Ages (around 1200) there was a small Bohemian castle in Lilienstein, which was probably abandoned around 1550.

SOUTH AFRICA

SOUTH AFRICA / SUID-AFRIKA.

150th anniversary of the Boer migration (Great Trek).
Map with the Boers' itineraries.
First stamp in a set of 4, issued on 21.11.1988.
Face value: 16 South African cents.
Design: J. van Niekerk.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 29 x 38 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 762.
- Scott No. 758.
- StampWorld No. 801.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 673.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 679.

The Great Trek (Afrikaans: Die Groot Trek) was a Northward migration of Dutch-speaking settlers who traveled by wagon trains from the Cape Colony into the interior of modern South Africa from 1836 onwards, seeking to live beyond the Cape's British colonial administration. The Great Trek resulted from the culmination of tensions between rural descendants of the Cape's original European settlers, known collectively as Boers, and the British Empire. Boers who took part in the Great Trek identified themselves as voortrekkers, meaning "pioneers", "pathfinders" (literally "fore-trekkers") in Dutch and Afrikaans. The migration led directly to the founding of several autonomous Boer republics, namely the South African Republic (also known simply as the Transvaal), the Orange Free State, and the Natalia Republic. It was also responsible for the displacement of the Northern Ndebele people, and was one of several decisive factors influencing the decline and collapse of the Zulu Kingdom. During the Great Trek there were several armed conflicts with the local populations of the territories occupied by the Boers, which caused great massacres. The Great Trek was used by Afrikaner nationalists as a core symbol of a common Afrikaans history. It was used to promote the idea of ​​an Afrikaans nation.

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Thanks to Dragan Buškulić for his contribution (https://worldofstamp2.wordpress.com/).

SOVIET UNION

SOVIET UNION / СОЮЗ СОВЕТСКИХ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСПУБЛИК.

Soviet Mountain Climbing.
Mount Khan Tengri (now in the Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and China border).
First stamp in a set of 3, issued on 28.12.1964.
Face value: 4 Soviet kopeks.
Design: N. Kruglov and E. Aniskin. 
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 4,000,000 copies.
Size: 38 x 40 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 3002.
- Scott No. 2982.
- StampWorld No. 2793.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 3077.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2899.
- Zagorski No. 3055.

Khan Tengri (Kyrgyz: Хан-Теңири; Kazakh: Хан Тәңірі; simplified Chinese: 汗腾格里峰; Uighur: خانتەڭرى) is a mountain of the Tian Shan mountain range. It is on the China—Kyrgyzstan—Kazakhstan tripoint, east of lake Issyk Kul. Its geologic elevation is 6,995 m (22,949 ft), but its glacial icecap rises to 7,010 m (22,999 ft). It is a massive marble pyramid, covered in snow and ice. Peter Semenov was the first European to see the Tian Shan and its peak in 1857. The first ascent of the peak was made in 1931 by Mikhail Pogrebetsky, Boris Tyurin and Franz Sauberer. In the worldview of the ancient peoples of Turkic-Mongolian origin, Tengri is the supreme deity, the organizer of the world, along with the goddess Umai.