An Arduino / Teensy based version of the Amiga XCopy application for copying floppy disks to and from ADF files. Built for the Teensy 3.2 using a custom PCB and an unmodified PC 3.5" floppy disk drive.

XCopy Standalone liberally uses floppy interface code taken from the excelent and generously open source ADF-Copy by Dominik Tonn. https://nickslabor.niteto.de/download/ Nicks software uses usb serial and a Java client or a MTP connection via usb to transfer data. XCopy Standalone focuses on a standalone unit using SD card storage and a LCD and / or web sockets interface for control.

Special thanks to Giants for all his help with this version including web interface graphics, documentation, suggestions etc.

This project is under heavy development and is in a state of flux with new hardware and software being actively worked on. The firmware version lives in src/XCopy/XCopy.h; this README describes v743.26.

Since the 04/2023 release the device has grown a flux layer under the copier, a second file system layer over the SD card, and a rebuilt web interface.

• Disk Info - a track analyser that describes what is on a disk rather than copying it. One pass per track, no retries, so a protected track with the wrong cylinder in its headers, a track with no sectors at all, or a disk with 84 cylinders instead of 80 is the output rather than an error. Draws both surfaces as disks, a flux interval histogram per track, an angular track view you can point at, and the decoded sector under the pointer. Runs against the drive, or replays an SCP image through the same decoder.
• Drive Toolkit - a bench instrument for bringing up an unknown drive. Every interface line sampled with state, counts and rates; the safe outputs drivable one at a time, so a drive can be provoked into saying which fault it has; and a continuous head calibration read, after Amiga Test Kit's, that reports how many of the eleven sectors came back clean and whether the ones that did not came from the cylinder either side. Write data and write enable are deliberately not exposed.
• SuperCard Pro flux images - readscp captures a disk to an SCP file, streamed a block at a time because a single DD revolution is larger than the RAM on the whole part. A matching reader replays one back through the analyser.
• Live USB flux streaming - live hands the USB session to a host that does its own decoding, with non blocking in band seeking so the capture ring is still draining during a head move. Host side probe in files/Tools/xcopylive_probe.py.
• ADF images as volumes - mount ADF files as ADF0: and ADF1:, and the disk in the drive itself as DF0:, then use dir, cat, cp, mkdir and rm across the card and any mounted image. Mounts are read only unless asked otherwise. ADFlib upgraded to 0.10.7, with drivers rather than local edits.
• New serial console - a table driven interpreter with grouped help, per command options, tab completion and history, in place of the hand written parser.
• Rebuilt web interface - six tabs over one set of shared tokens and components, with the Disk Monitor histogram and the Disk Info analysis streamed to the browser as they are produced rather than gathered first.
• Over the air updates - firmware and web assets over Wi-Fi, no cable needed.
• A name on the network - the device calls itself xcopy to DHCP, to mDNS and to OTA.
• Host side tests - the native and native_adf environments run the file system and console tests off the board.

• v0.19 PCB released with intergrated ESP8266 for WiFi
  • Moved to Kicad from Eagle
  • Changed SD Card to MicroSD reader
  • Added WiFi
  • Connected USB serial to Teensy USB serial
  • Moved TFT to cheap chinese Adafruit knock off, this has changed the pinout
    • https://www.aliexpress.com/item/4001144194129.html
    • USD $1.89!
  • Moved navigation stick to cheap chinese item from LCSC
  • Additional 3.3v power regulator to relieve Teensy's
  • Added larger electrolytic cap for floppy power
  • Switced to four layer board as they are cheap and provide better power / ground planes
• Project code moved from Arduino to ProjectIO with all libraries preinstalled
• New web interface
• Amiga module ripper
• Bootblock library / virus checker using brainfile format
• Web based disk monitor
• Network NTP time update
• Upload and download ADF files via web interface

• Software
  • Disk copy
    • Disk to SD Card
    • SD Card to Disk
    • Disk to Disk
    • Disk to Temporary Flash
    • Temporary Flash to Disk
  • Flux
    • Read a disk to a SuperCard Pro (SCP) flux image
    • Analyse a disk, or an SCP image, track by track
    • Flux interval histograms, per track and live during a copy
    • Stream a live drive to a host over USB for off board decoding
  • File systems
    • Amiga file system support for floppy disks and ADF files via ADFlib 0.10.7
    • Mount ADF images as ADF0: / ADF1:, and the disk in the drive as DF0:
    • List, print, copy, make and remove across the card and mounted images
  • Drive diagnostics
    • Every interface line sampled, with state, counts and rates
    • Individually drivable outputs for provoking a fault out of a drive
    • Continuous head calibration read with a live per cylinder tally
    • Drive speed from the index
  • Test disk
  • Format disk
  • Search a disk for case sensitive ascii text, or for tracker modules
  • Amiga module ripper
  • Bootblock library / virus checker using brainfile format
  • Serial command line, table driven, with tab completion and history
  • Interfaces
    • TFT LCD
    • USB Serial
    • HTML over WebSockets
  • Network
    • Over the air firmware and web asset updates
    • NTP time update and time zone
    • Announces itself as xcopy to DHCP, mDNS and OTA
  • Serial passthrough for programming onboard ESP8266
• Hardware
  • IDC 34 pin standard floppy drive cable interface
  • 1.8" ST7735R 128x160, 18bit color LCD
  • 5 way navigation joystick
  • Mono PAM8302 amplifier with adjustable Pot
    • Onboard mounted speaker
  • SD Card reader
  • 128MBit Flash Rom with built in ADF files
  • CR1220 battery backed realtime clock
  • ESP8266 for websockets driven interface
  • Single USB plug for serial and to power floppy and Teensy 3.2
  • Status LED's
  • Additional 3.3v power regulator
  • Gerbers, schematic and pcb layout files available

Six tabs over one WebSocket connection to the ESP8266. The footer carries the signal strength, the link state and what the device is doing, on every tab.

Every copy path in one place - between the drive, the SD card, the onboard flash, and an ADF or SCP file on the card - over a live track map of both surfaces and a rolling flux view of the track being read.

A sector at a time: the decoded header, a hex dump, an ascii dump in either the browser font or the Amiga one, and the track's flux histogram. Below them a block scan of the whole disk, with ascii and tracker module searches, and blocks that can be selected and written out to the card.

The analyser. Both surfaces drawn as disks with every sector coloured by what was found there, a status panel for the selected track, an angular track view of the raw cell stream against the sectors decoded out of it, the flux histogram, and the decoded sector under the pointer.

The drive itself rather than the disk in it. Sampled interface lines down the left, the calibration read across the top, and a session tally that accumulates per cylinder and head - so an intermittent read shows up as intermittent rather than as one bad pass.

The contents of the card, with upload and download.

The serial console in the browser - the same interpreter, the same commands and the same output as the USB port.

1. PlatoformIO with Teensy & ESP8266 board
2. Todo+ v4.18.4 by Fabio Spampinato

• Xcopy.h contains PCBVERSION define to target firmware builds to different PCB versions

1. Select the d1_mini environment (both boards are environments of this one project)
2. Plugin XCopyStandalone device and select "Debugging >> ESP >> ESP Programming Mode"
3. Set serial port to the Teensy port, the device will passthrough serial data to the ESP8266 program
4. Upload code, then upload the web assets with the d1_mini "Build Filesystem Image" and "Upload Filesystem Image" tasks

Once the ESP is on your network it can be updated over Wi-Fi instead, using the d1_mini_ota environment - both the firmware and the web assets:

pio run -e d1_mini_ota -t upload      # firmware
pio run -e d1_mini_ota -t uploadfs    # web interface
pio run -e d1_mini_ota -t uploadall   # both, firmware first

uploadall is a task of this project rather than of PlatformIO, and it waits between the two because each upload reboots the ESP.

Use uploadfs for the web assets, not uploadfsota. The platform decides whether espota is offering a sketch or a filesystem image by matching the target name exactly, and uploadfsota misses that test - so the image goes over as a sketch, is measured against the 1MB sketch region instead of its own 2MB partition, and is refused with ERROR[4]: Not Enough Space. scripts/ espota_fs_flag.py puts the missing flag back, so both targets now work.

The device calls itself xcopy to the DHCP server, to mDNS and to OTA, so it is reachable by whichever name your network gives it. upload_port in platformio.ini is set to xcopy.lab - change it to xcopy.local to go via mDNS instead, or to a bare IP address if neither resolves from your machine.

The serial passthrough above is unchanged and remains the way back in if an update ever leaves the ESP unable to join a network. 5. Select "Debugging >> ESP >> Reset ESP" 6. Open a serial terminal 7. Connect to your wireless access point using the connect command

>> connect SSIDName Password

8. Type the following commands to confirm you have connected

>> status
WiFi Status: Connected
-----
Mode: STA
PHY mode: N
Channel: 10
AP id: 0
Status: 5
Auto connect: 1
SSID (6): SSIDName
Passphrase (12): Password
BSSID set: 0
>> ip
192.168.X.XX
>> ssid
SSIDName
>>

Both firmwares are environments of a single PlatformIO project, so the IDE lists them in one Project Tasks tree and pio run with no arguments builds the pair.

Both boards are environments of the one project: teensy31, d1_mini, and d1_mini_ota for updating the ESP over Wi-Fi. Two more, native and native_adf, build nothing for a board and exist to run the console and file system tests on the host.

Neither firmware is a .ino sketch: PlatformIO only converts a sketch sitting at the top of the source directory, and with two source trees neither one can be.

1. Install PlatformIO Core
2. Download development platform with examples
3. Open the project
4. Pick the environment you want - teensy31 or d1_mini - or build both at once
5. Select 'PlatformIO:Build'
6. Select 'PlatformIO:Upload'