KMGBF Ontology

Machine-readable ontology and controlled vocabulary for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF), published by the Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat.

The framework comprises 4 goals, 23 targets, and 204 monitoring indicators adopted at COP-15 (Montreal, December 2022) and finalized at COP-16 (Cali, October 2024).

All concepts have persistent URIs under http://metadata.cbd.int/kmgbf/.

http://metadata.cbd.int/kmgbf/goal_A
http://metadata.cbd.int/kmgbf/target_3
http://metadata.cbd.int/kmgbf/indicator_A.1

URIs support content negotiation: send Accept: text/turtle or Accept: application/ld+json to get machine-readable RDF for any concept.

ontology/
  kmgbf-ontology.ttl   # OWL schema (classes, properties)
  kmgbf-all.ttl        # Full dataset (schema + all data, ready to load)
  data/
    goals.ttl          # 4 goals (A–D)
    targets.ttl        # 23 targets (1–23)
    indicators.ttl     # 204 indicators with role assignments
  validation/
    kmgbf-shapes.ttl   # SHACL validation shapes
  scripts/
    build-all.py       # Rebuilds kmgbf-all.ttl from source files
examples/
  sparql.md            # SPARQL query examples with curl usage
  api.md               # REST API examples

Load the full dataset into a local triplestore (e.g. Apache Jena Fuseki):

curl -X POST http://localhost:3030/kmgbf/data \
  -H "Content-Type: text/turtle" \
  --data-binary @ontology/kmgbf-all.ttl

Then query it — see examples/sparql.md for annotated examples.

Or use the live REST API directly — see examples/api.md.

• Goals and Targets: Decision 15/4 (COP-15, Montreal, December 2022)
• Indicators and their roles (headline, binary, component, complementary): Decision 16/31 (Annexes I, II, and III)
• Indicator definitions and custodian agencies, headline indicators only: CBD/COP/16/INF/3/Rev.1, field 5a (Definition) and field 10a (Organization) of each indicator metadata sheet

Every goal, target and indicator carries a dct:source triple naming the decision it derives from.

If you use this ontology in your work, please cite:

Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2026). KMGBF Monitoring Framework Ontology. Version 1.0.1. Available at: http://metadata.cbd.int/kmgbf/ontology

For questions: secretariat@cbd.int