REPORT ON HIGH JUMP OLYMPICS

SCHOOL OF BUSINESS

COURSE:- BBA - A

YEAR:- 2020-2023

MODULE NAME :- CBCS- PHYSICAL EDUCATION

SEMESTER:- 6

SUBMITTED BY:-

MUAAZ LOKHANDWALA

SUBMITTED TO:- Mr. Nishant vohra

The high jump is one of the most exciting events in track and field athletics. It requires
athletes to jump over a horizontal bar that is raised after each successful jump until a
winner is determined. The event has been an integral part of the Olympic Games since
its inception in Athens in 1896. Over the years, the high jump has evolved, and new
techniques have been developed to help athletes jump higher. This report will provide
an overview of the high jump event, its history, rules, techniques, and notable athletes
who have excelled in the sport.
History

The high jump was one of the first track and field events to be included in the modern
Olympic Games in Athens in 1896. The first recorded high jump competition was held in
Scotland in the 19th century, where participants would jump over a bar placed between
two trees. Initially, athletes used a technique known as the "scissors" to clear the bar,
where the jumper would lift one leg over the bar, followed by the other. This technique
was replaced by the "Western roll" in the early 20th century, where the athlete would
jump off one foot and roll over the bar.

In the 1960s, the "Fosbury Flop" technique was introduced by American high jumper
Dick Fosbury. This technique involved jumping backwards over the bar, headfirst, and
landing on the back. The Fosbury Flop allowed athletes to clear higher heights and
revolutionized the high jump event. Since then, athletes have continued to develop new
techniques and strategies to jump higher and set new records.
Rules

The high jump event is conducted in an oval or rectangular-shaped track and field
stadium. The competition is organized in rounds, with each athlete being allowed a
certain number of attempts to clear the height. The starting height is set by the officials,
and the bar is raised after each successful jump until a winner is determined.

Athletes are not allowed to touch the bar or the standards holding the bar. They must
clear the bar without knocking it off, and they must land on their feet and not fall back
onto the landing mat. If the athlete knocks off the bar or fails to clear the height after
three attempts, they are eliminated from the competition.

In case of a tie, the athlete with the fewest number of failed attempts wins the
competition. If two or more athletes have the same number of failed attempts, the
athlete who cleared the height on their first attempt wins.
Techniques

High jump is a track and field event that requires the athlete to jump over a horizontal
bar placed at a certain height. The rules of high jump are designed to ensure fairness
and safety for all athletes involved in the competition. Here are the detailed rules of high
jump:

Equipment: The equipment required for high jump includes a crossbar, a landing mat,
and two standards. The crossbar is a horizontal bar made of metal or fiberglass and
must be flexible enough to bend slightly if touched by the athlete. The landing mat is a
cushioned mat that is placed below the crossbar to provide a safe landing for the
athlete. The standards are vertical poles that hold the crossbar in place.

Starting height: The starting height of the crossbar is determined by the competition
officials and announced before the event begins. The starting height can vary
depending on the level of competition and the age group of the athletes.

Approach: The athlete begins the approach by running towards the crossbar. The
approach must be a continuous motion without any stutter steps or pauses. The athlete
may take up to three steps before jumping over the crossbar. The length of the
approach can vary depending on the athlete's preference and ability.

Takeoff: The takeoff is the moment when the athlete jumps off the ground to clear the
crossbar. The athlete may use any jumping technique, including the straddle, the
scissors, or the Fosbury flop. The takeoff foot must be the last part of the body to leave
the ground.

Clearance: The clearance is the moment when the athlete successfully jumps over the
crossbar without knocking it off. The athlete must clear the crossbar with the feet first,
without touching it with any part of the body. The athlete may use their arms to assist in
the clearance, but they must not touch the crossbar.
Landing: The landing is the moment when the athlete lands on the mat after clearing
the crossbar. The athlete must land on their feet, with both feet touching the ground at
the same time. The athlete may fall backwards or forwards after landing, but they must
not touch the ground outside the landing mat.

Foul: A foul occurs when the athlete touches the crossbar with any part of the body,
fails to clear the crossbar, or lands outside the landing mat. Three fouls result in the
athlete being eliminated from the competition.

Tiebreaker: In the event of a tie, the athlete with the fewest number of attempts at the
last height cleared will be declared the winner. If the athletes have the same number of
attempts, the athlete with the fewest number of total misses will be declared the winner.
If the athletes have the same number of attempts and misses, a jump-off will be held to
determine the winner.

These are the basic rules of high jump that are followed in most competitions. However,
different organizations and competitions may have their own specific rules and
regulations that athletes must follow.
Notable Athletes:

One notable athlete in Olympic high jump is Javier Sotomayor. He is widely considered
to be the greatest high jumper of all time and is the current world record holder in the
men's high jump with a mark of 2.45 meters, which he set on July 27, 1993, in
Salamanca, Spain.

Sotomayor was born in Limonar, Cuba, on October 13, 1967. He started his athletic
career as a long jumper but switched to high jump after his coach, Jorge Luis Aguilera,
noticed his natural talent for the event. Sotomayor made his Olympic debut in 1988 in
Seoul, South Korea, where he won a silver medal, clearing a height of 2.36 meters.

Four years later, in 1992, Sotomayor won the gold medal at the Barcelona Olympics,
with a jump of 2.34 meters. He then went on to break the world record in 1993, and his
mark of 2.45 meters still stands today, almost 30 years later.

Sotomayor's high jump technique was characterized by his ability to generate

High jump has been a part of the Olympic Games since the very first modern Olympics
held in Athens, Greece in 1896. The event has undergone significant changes in
technique and rules over the years, but remains a popular and exciting event for
athletes and spectators alike.

In the early days of the Olympics, high jumpers used a technique known as the scissor
jump, where they would approach the bar with one leg extended forward and the other
tucked behind, then scissor their legs over the bar. This technique was used until the
1960s, when a new technique called the Western Roll was introduced. The Western
Roll involved approaching the bar at an angle, then arching the back and twisting the
body to clear the bar.

In the 1980s, another new technique known as the Fosbury Flop was introduced,
named after American athlete Dick Fosbury. This technique involved approaching the
bar straight on and jumping over backwards, with the head and shoulders going over
the bar first. This technique revolutionized high jump and is still used by most athletes
today.

Over the years, many great high jumpers have competed in the Olympics and set
records. One of the most famous was American athlete Dick Fosbury, who won the gold
medal in the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City with a jump of 2.24 meters using his
revolutionary flop technique. He set a new Olympic and world record and his technique
quickly became the standard for high jumpers around the world.

Other notable high jumpers include Valeriy Brumel of the Soviet Union, who won the
gold medal in the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo with a jump of 2.18 meters, and Javier
Sotomayor of Cuba, who set a world record of 2.45 meters at the 1993 World
Championships in Athletics in Stuttgart, Germany.
Conclusion:

In conclusion, the high jump is a challenging Olympic sport that tests the athlete's ability
to jump over a bar at a specific height without knocking it over. The sport has evolved
over the years, with new techniques being introduced, and athletes pushing the
boundaries of what is possible

Biblography

https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/tokyo-2020/results/athletics/men-s-high-jump

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_jump_at_the_Olympics

https://www.britannica.com/sports/high-jump

https://olympics.sporting99.com/track-field/high-jump-men.html

https://byjus.com/question-answer/the-olympic-high-jump-record-of-2-45m-is-held-by-cu
ba-if-acceleration-due/