Exercise: Analyse trhe

EXPERIMENT
given salt no. . EXPERIMENTO
Or one acid and Exercise: Analyse
Eperiment
one hasic radicalg the gíven míxture-for once acid and one
-
Obrervatio ns
Inter emce
d et tests.
basic,radicl by dry
Tests for Acld Radleals
cTo a Salt add di l Experimenf Observations
Hs
No renction
Ditute acd group ts NO Inference
absent Tests for Acid Radicals
To a pinch of salt add con
HiSo heat it. Colourlesa
STmel ing gaspung ent
evolved
Conc. acid groups Mixture+ dil, HsO
No reaction
Bring a glasS tod dippedin pres ent Dilute acid group is
White fumes fomed
NHOH near the mouthof MAy be C Mixture+ onc. H:sOs, Heat Yellow brown fumes with
absent
test tube
Pungent smell evolved Conc acld group is
Confirmalory Test. Confirmatory Test present may be Br
Chromy Chloide te Silver nitrate test - Sodíum
3 Take salt+ solid KCO74 Dark red ooloured gas carbonate extract + dil ght yellow ppt is
conc Hs n dry test ube t h pungent smell
AgNOs solution
HNO| for med
and he evolved Dissolve the ppt
n e a coloured gas in Soluton becomes yellow NHOH
is excess ofppt is partly soluble Br confimed
To the yellow solution add CClH layer test: Sodium
yel ow ppt is tomed Caluyer urns Br confirmed
CH,COOH+(CH,CO0);P0
Silver Nitrate test
contirmed Carbonate extract + di.
HNO, yellowish oránge
C water
Sodhum carbonate extract+ White ppt formed o p oy drop and shake
d HNO+ AgNOs solution: Cl' confirmed Tes
Add excess of m DHSIC Radical
NHOH in the Ppt is
solub le confirmed
mix + NaCOH solution. Heat
Smell of NHs
Tesl for Basic Radical Zero group is present
To a ptnchof salt add N&OH Smell of NHas may be
Zero g roup present may Confirmatory Test
heat be NHi
| Bring a glass rod dipped in White fumes of NHCI
Conirmatory Test Hd near the mouth of the
formed NH confimed
5inga 8lass rod dipped in Whte humes formed test tube
near the mouth or es NH confirmed
1be
Bring a piece of filter paper Filter turns
moistened with Nessla
paper reddish NH confirmed
Bringa piece of
fl ter paper bron
ed with Nesslars
fer
brown
paper hums reddish
NH contirmed Reagent near the mouth of
Reagent n ncar t e mouth of the
the test tube
test ube Bring a plece of filter paper Filter paper turns
B n g a piece of filter paper
Fiter paper moistened with CusO deep NH confirmed
no1stened wih Cuso blue ums deeP NH confirmed. Solution near the mouth of
blue
5oution near the mouth of
| test tube e test tube

Result: Chloride (Cl) as acid radical and Ammonium (NH)

Result: The given mixture contains Bromide (Br") acid radical and
present in the given salt no . as
basic radical is (NH) as basic radical
Ammonium

10
EXPERIMENT
Exerciae: lderiity one acid and one basic radical from the given mixture No. EXPERIMENT
Exercise :ldentify one acid and one basic radical in the given mixture.
S. Expenment Observations Kiere S. EXperi ment
Observations Inference
Tests forzapid Radicals No.
Mix* di. HSO. Heat No eaction Dilute add group is Tests for Acid Radicals
Mixture+ dil. HSO« Smell like vnegar is Diute acid group s
Mix+ conc HSOs. Hea Brown coloured gas with:| Conc add group preset given out present may be
ngent snel evolved may be Bror NOr
Addsome Cu tuming to the CH,CO
May be NOr Confirmatory test
gAs becomes
test tube Br is absent Palm test:Take the mixture Smell ofvinegar
Confirmatory Test CH,COO confirmed
on palm, add to it solid
Ring Test-Neutrafise Abrown nngis formed NO confimed HGO42H,0 and 2-3
sodium carbonate etract by
CHCOCH.Add to it freshlv O Of two drops of water Rubit, and
prepared FesOi solution and mation to he NO
of FeSOs. Smell
Femic Chloride tesi-Sodium
then conc HEOsolution by car bon ate extct neutral
Sohution tums deep red CHccO confirmed
the side of the test tube
isdution
Teat for Basie Radical
er test
Mix+ NaOH solution &heatNo smell of NH s
Original sol uion+ dil,HO White Ppt is obta
Zero group absent
group present may be
Miture CaH,OH + few
Aplsasant fruky smell CHCO0 confirmed
ned dropebf conc H-SOs and
White
Pb,Ag, H
ppt *
water
p ptis soluble but May be Pb>
Teappears on cooling
Test for Bagic Radical
o smell of NB
Divide the hot
agueous Mbxture
Heat
NEOH solution& LegrOup Absent
solution of thé ppt in lwo
Onginal solution+ dil HC White ppt g P present may bej
Pars
0) PartI-KI Solution Yelowpt P conffrmed PEA Hs
6) Part l -KCOsolution Yelow PPE
Pbconfirmed
whe Ppt water &: bol pt s souble but May be Pb*
Dry est (Charcoal cavity Dvide the hot soluton of the Ppeas ogcooling
PPt unto wo parts
test)
Heat the mi iture in reducing Asoft shining'metl ic TapartI add Kl soution
flame with NaCOs (soli d)mark
in, bead on
in formed. a
t leaves
Pb> confirmed
(in)| To part I add KCrO4
Yellow ppt PD contirmed
Pbconfirmed
x Yellow PP
charccoal Mty solution
Dry test :Charcoal Cavity Asoft shíning me tall ic Pbconfirmed.
test Mixtue NaCOs 23 bead isfo med. It leaves
Result: The given mixture drops of water in a charcoal mark on paper
no. contains Nitrate (NOS and Lead
acid and basic radicals
.

(Pb*) as cavity. Heat t in reducing

respectively. flame
Result: Acetate (CHCO and Lead (Pb*) are present in the given mixture as
acid and basic radicals.
 EXPERIMENT EXPERIMENT 10
Exercise: Analyse the given mixture tor one acid and one basic radical by dry Exerciae: Analyse the given salt for one acid and one basíc radical by dry and
and wet tests. wet tests.

Experiment Obsérvations Interence

Cpernment Observations Inference

Tests for Acid Radicals

Tests for Acid Radicals
Salt dil. HSO and heat No reactíon Dilute add groups is
Mixture+ dil. HSO and heat | No reaction Dilute acid group absent
Mixture + conc HaSo arnd r o m coloured gas with May be Br or NO absent
Salt + conc. H:SOi and heatNoreadlon Conc add group is
hcat ngent smell evölved
Add some copper hurring to own gas becomes May be NOr, Br absent absent
thetest tube dense
Sodium carbonate extract+ White ppt is obtained General grOups is preent
dil. HI+ BaClh solution may be SO
Comfirmatory test NO, Confimed.
Confirmatory test
Neutralise sodium carbonateAbrown dngis formed Divide the Ppt in two paris
extractby CH,COOH. Add at the junction of the two
To part I add conc. HC1& Ppt remains insoluble SOg confirmed
to it fresly prepared FeS0 iquids due to the
Heat
solution and conc
bmation of FeSO.NO
di) ToPart I add conc. HNO Ppt remains insoluble SO confirmed
HSO, by the side of the test
d heat
tube Test for Basic Radical
Test for Basic Radical Salt+ NaOH solution and No smell of NH Zero group absent

Mixture+NaOH and heat. No smell of NH Zero group a sent heat

Onginal solution+ dil Ha No Pplis fomed
|18oup abeent Original solution +dil. HT No ppt is obtaíned Igroup absent
Pass HS gas in the above Ayellow ppt s fomed lgoup present may be Pass HS gas into the above Black ppt is obfained lI group present may be

solution Cds or A s
solution Pb or Cu
Yelow Pp yelow PPtis insoluble B gTOUP Present may be
Dissolve the ppt in 50% Black ppt dissolves May be Pb or Cu
amumornium suphide sokution HNO
and heat Divide the solution in two
Dissolve theyelow Ppt n
conc HNO and divide tho
parts
P a r t 1+ CH:OH+dil:H:SONoppt PD absent may be Cu
solution in two parts Deep blue colouration Cu confirmed
i Part II+NH.OHin excess
G)In theirstpart add Ayellow pP Asconfimed
Deep blue solution + Chocolate brown ppt is Cu confirmed
Ammoni um molybdate and CHCOOH till blue colour formed
heat
Gi)In the second part add Yellow As confirmed
disappear. NO n
ow add
KalFe(CN soLuo
(NH4) CO
Dry test-Charcoal cavity test: Awhite residue with As confirmed
Dry test: Perform charawal Red bead is formed
Cu confirmed
cavity test
PeOn cnarco al cavity tests rncsmel

Result: The given mixture contains Nirate (NOJ)and Arsenic (As"), radicals. Result: In the given salt sulphate (50) and copper (Cu) tadicals are present

13
EXPERIMENT EXPERIMENT
Exercise: Analyse the given mixture for one acid and one basic radical by dry
Exercise: Analyse the given salt for one acid and one basic radical by dry and
wer tests. and wet tests.
Inference
S . Inference S. Experiment Observaluons
Experiment Obsenyaljons
No. No.
Teste for Aeld Radicals
Tests for Acid Radicale MIxture+di HisO4 and h e a t N o reaction
Dilute acld gro up ls
Mixture + dil H:SO1 & heat No reactuon Diluts acid group is
absent Mixture + conc. HaSOt a n d Brown coloured gas wIth Cone acid group is presen
en out May ba Br or NO
Mixture+ conc. H:SO &e heat No reaction conc. acid Broup is absent
white Ppt is obtained General group in present heat turnng toBrown
becomes Br absent. May be NOr
Sodium carbonate extract
di. Hcl+Bach solution May be SO theteathoPPer dense
gas

Confirmatory test
Confirmatory tests
Divide the Pptin two parts
Neuralle6e soddum
A b r o w n ring is tormed
Carbonate
extract wth CHCOOH Add t O a t the junction ottwo
NOT Contirmea

p t remaans insoluble lHqulds due to the

(0) Topart I acid conc HCI & SO confirmed rany Pprepared FeSO
formation of Fe$Ou NO
heat Ohution and then conc. HSO«by |
the slde of the test tube
(un To part I add cone. HNO&Ppt remains insoluble SO confirmed
Test for Basicia and heat is absent
heat
Test for Basic Radical MxEuTe olution +dil. HCI
No smell of ammonia era group
No Ppt 8t0up aDsent
g r o u p absent
Mixture+ NaOH solution & No smell of NH Zero group absent Pass HiS gus into the above No Ppt

heat
Original solution + dil: HCINo ppt group absent
to lution
Bol the above solution to Filter paper does not turn|H:s
is removed

Pass HS in to the above No PPt completely

group absent emove 8as sompletely-Dlack
BE y a plece of tlte
solution
boll the above solution to paper
nolstened with

remove H Bas completely (CH,coO)»Pb sol group Present may

be

Test it by a piece of filter Filter paper does not turn HS is removed the above
Now bou sohutionWhite gelatinous pptis
AP
Paper moistened wlith black completelY with 2dropsofcorc NO
6olld NHCi and e n N
(CHCOO Pb solution
Now bollthe above solution Reddish brown ppl is g r o u p present May be
Confirmatory test
with 2 drops ofconc. HNO obtained Fe Dissolve the white ppt in dil
add solid NHCI and then HCl and divide it into three
NHOH In excess after parts A confirmed
( PartI+ solld NHCL, heat white Ppt reappears
cooling white PPt, w
AlP confirmed
Confirmatory test (uPartu*NaOH solution soluble in excess if NaOH
Dissolved the ppt in dil. HCi
and divide it in two parts ()Lake
Part
test.2 drops of blue
Blue ppt floats on the A conhrmed

()PartI* KqlFe[CN))solutionDeep bluecolouration Fe confirmed

t m us and then add NH.OH so lu tion
(u)PartII+ KCNS solution Blood red colouration Fe confirmed
aOP drop Blue maass is obtained
A P confirmed
Dry test-Borax bead test Yellow bead Fe confirmed cobalt nnarcoel cavity
perform borax bead test I cobalt nitrate test.
present in the given mixture
Result: The given mixture contains sulphate (soj) and iron (Fe**) radicals. Kesult: Nitrate (NO) and Aluminium (AlP*) are
 3
EXPERIMENT
EXPERIMENT Exercise : Analysc the given mixture for one acid and onc basIC radical by dry and wet tests,

Bxercise: Analyse the given salt for one acid and ono basio radical by dry and wet tests.
S. Experiment Observations Inference
No
Experiment Observations Inference Tests for Acid Radicals
NO Mixturc + dil. H,SO, Brisk effervescence with | Dilute acid group
Tests for Acld Radkals
theevolution of colourless is present
Salt+dil. HSO and heat DD reacion
Dilute acid group is absent. and odourless gas
May be COj
dlace
iace dd nngolouess pingent spelling Cono. acid group is present
nouthrod dippod
of the tee in NHLOH Dear
near the
the 5E Confirmatory Test
wne rumes formed Pass the evolved gas in lime water. Lime water tuns milky
Conflrmatory Test COf confirmed
Chromyl Chlorlde Test Pass more of the gas in milky Milkyness disappears
O (coid) + oonc. H,SO COG confimed.
ma dary t e fube and beal. colouredg soluton
ungent snel evolved Test for basic radical
Pass the red coloured gas in NaOHSolution becomes yellow.
Mixure +NaOH solution and |No smell of NH Zerogroup absent
solution
e o w solution add A yellow ppt is formed Cconfimed
heat.
Original solution + dil HCI
Solution COO, Pb
Pass HS in the above solution
NO PPE 8TOup absent
group absent
SUver nltrate Test Boil the above solution to remove NOPPE
0dium carbonste extract + dil. Awhite ppt is
formed HS completely
HNO AgNO, Soluluan
Add excess of NH,OH in the
Test it by a picce of filter paper
black E nHaSis removed
pl iis soluble C oonfimed moistened. with (CH,COO), Pb
Cipitate
Tet for Basic Radical
solution completely
Now boil the above solution with No ppt Ill group absent
ait NaOH solution Heat No Smell of NHg group absent 2-drops of conc. HNO, Add solid
a ondnl HC
Boil the above ol gas
No ppt
ppt
group absent NH,CI and NHLOH in cxcess after
o v e group absent cooling
HS completely Pass HS gas in
theabovesolution obtained
Acamel coloured ppt is group present
oy8 picoe a lter paper Filter paper does not tum HS is removed completely may be Mn
moisenea wth (iO0o
Now boal the above soluuon with 2- bleck
No Ppt
Dissolve the ppt in dil, HCI and
I group aben divide the solution in two paris
drops of conc HINO, Add solid G)Part I+ NaOH solution + Br White ppt which tums Mn confimed
m d NHOH in excess after
water blacks
Pass HS gas in the above solution A white pp is obtained (n)Lead peroxide test-
Dissolve the wthute ppt in dil1H Vgroup present may be Zn
7.
To the black ppt obtained above
addconc: HNO, and PbO,: Boil
Pink coloured soluitonisMn confirmed.
and duvide the soluon in two parts obtained
() PartI+ KaFeCN)) solution h white ppt obtained cool and allow to settle
(ü)Par 1I +NaOH sol. rop by drop confimed n
Dry test: Perfom borax bead test Pinkish voilet bead
P p dormed which is Zn confirmed Mn confimed
soluble m excess of NaOH with the mixture obtained
eom chercoal cavityGreen residue is left Zn confimed
Result: Carbonate (CO) and Manganese (Mn) are present in the given mixture
Result: The given salt contains Chloride (C) and Zinc. (Zn*")

18
EXPERIMENT Exercise
EXPERIMENT
Analyse the given mixture no..for one acid and onc basic radical
Exercise: ldenufy one acid and one basic radical torm the given mixure
Experlment Observations nference periment Observations Interence
Tests for Acid Radicala
Test for Acld Radicals
Mxture t di HaSOi and heat Dilute acid group is absent
NO reaction Mixture+ dil. H%SO, and heat
colourless pungent smellingConc. ncid ol group19 reaction Dilute acid group 15 asc
Bring olass Tod dipped in NH.ODH Mixture conc. HSO1& heat: COlourless pungent smellingConc. acid grou
Bring a glass rod dipped in NHLOH gas evolved
near the mouh of the test tube
Confirmaion test i
mes formed
Omed y CI
Con the test tube White fumes formed
May be CIT

3. Chromyl Chornde test

arkred coloured gas with Chromyl Chlorideteat Dark red coloured gas with
Mixture+solid KCO*conc..
H 0 in a dry test tube and heat.
Pungent smel evolved
Mixture + solid KCr,Ot conc. pungen amell evolved
FHSOi in a dry test tube and heat
E COloured gas n
NaOHSoluion beoomes yellow Pass the red coloured gas in NaOH Solution becomes yellow
To the yellow solution add Ayellow ppt is formed SO ution
CH,COOH and (CH,COO)% Pb C confimed yelow pptis formed
CH.cOOH 0
and0
fCHcoO
%Pb
PA onined-
solution
e Nitrate Test
solution
SIver Nitrate Test
Awhite ptis formed Sodium carbonate extract * dL
HNO,+ANO. white pptis formed Cr confimed
A E N O solution.
Add excess of NHOH in the ppe P t is aoluble C confimmed Test for Baslc R n ho ppt The ppt is soluble cr confirmed
Test for Basic Radical
MuxTure NaOH solution & heat No smell of NH, Zero group absent Mixtare +NeOH solution & heat
Onginal solution + dil. HC
NoPpt 1group absent Origlnal solution+dil. HCI n l of NH, Lro group absent
2 n Tho above solution
H S completely Temove
No Ppt group absent Pass HS gas in the above solution
Boil the above solution its remove
No ppt absent
Test it by a piece of flter paper e t paper docs not hun HS is removed completely.
moistened wnth (CHJC0O% Pb uer paperT does not thim i ISremoved completely
black moistened with (CH.cooP
solulion
NoW bol the above soluon wath 2 |No ppt 3Olution
Now boil the above solution withh2-
group absent drops of cono. HN0. Add sold
No Pp Il group absent
NHCI and NH,OH in excessater NHCTand NHOH in excess afler
cooling
P a s s HS gas n the above solution A camel coloured ppt is
Mn a y be Pass H,S gas in the above solution
oblained A black ppt is oblainedd O U Pesenl may be
Dis e Ppl m dal. HCl and or Co
Dissolve the, black ppt in aqua-regia.
Bol it tal dry. Dissolve the residue
Part1+ NaOH solution+Br, water White ppt whioch turns black Mn conlinmed in water and divide the solution n
(n)Lead peroxlde test.
To
the black PP oblained above G Parti add NHLOH and
cooladd
and A Pink coloured solution is Mn confimed dimethy
conc. HNO, and PbOj: Boil oblained
glyoxime
Rose red ppt is obtained
Co absent
OW O settle Topart I add NaOH ia excess and A black ppt is formed Nconfinned
w h the borax bead testPinkish voilet bead obtained Mn confimed N,contirmed
then Bra Water
Dry test : Perform borax bead test.Brown bead is formed Ni confirmed
Result: Chloride (CI) and Manganese (Mn*) are present as acid and basic radical re Result: The given mixture contains chloride (CI) and Nickel (NiI*) radicals.
spectively in the given mixture.
 EXPERIMENT
Exercise: Analyse the given salt for one acid and one basic radical by dry and wet tests. EXPERIMENT
Experiment Observations Inference Exercise : ldentify one acid and one basic radical form the given mixture no,

No. Experiment Observatlons Inference

Acid Radicals No.
Tests for Dilute acid group is Tests for Actd Radicals
Mixture+dil. H,SO, and heal No.rcaction
abscnt Mixture +dil. H,SO,and heat Noreaction Dilute dcid group is
Salt+ conc. H,SO, and hcat Noreaction Conc. acid group is abscnt
Mixture + cone. H,$O & héat Brown coloured gas with Conc. acid group is
absent pungent smell evolvved present
S o d i u m carbonate extract + dil white ppt is fomcd Gencral group is present
May be Br or NO,
May be SO
HC+ BaClh soluiton Add some copper turning to the Brown gas becomes May be NO,", Br is
Confirmation test: testtube dense sbsent
Divide the white ppt in vo pats Confirmatlon test
Part I+Conc. HCI and heat Ppt remains insoluble sodium
Ring Neutralise
Test:
A borwn ring is formed at NO, confirmed
ü) Part I+ Conc. HNOj and heat Ppt remains insoluble SO confimmed Carbonate extract with the function of the two
Test for Basic Radical CHCOOH, Add to it freshiy
prepared FeSO4 solution and then liquid.
1.Mixhure+ NaOH solution & heat No smell of NH Zero group abscnt
the side of the
2. Original solution+ dil. HC No ppt 1group absent Conc. HSO;by FeSO NO is formed
test tube
3.PassHS in the above soluhon NO group absent Test for Basle Radical
the Boil above
solution to remove Mixture+ NaOH solution & heatNo smell of NH, Lero group absent
HS completely Original solatlon t dil. HCI No ppt Tgroup absent
Test it by apicoe of filter paper Filter paper does not tumHS is removed Pass HaS in the above solution No pp If gToup absent

moistened with (CH,CO0), Pb black completely. the

Boil above solution to remove
solution HS completely
Now boil the above soluion with | No ppt Ill group absent Test it by a piece offilter paper Filter paper does not furm HS is removed
2-drops of conc. HNO,. Add moistened with (CHCOO)% Pb black ompletely.
solid NHCl and NH,OH in solution
Now boil the above solution withNo ppt II group absent
excessafter cooling 2-drops of conc. HNO,. Add
Pass FS gas in the above A black ppt is obtainedTV group present may be solid NHCI and NH,OH in
solutton N or c o
a e r cooling
Dissolve the black ppt in aqua- A black ppt is obtained
Pass Hs gas in the above
IVgroup prescnt may be
Tegia Boil it til dy. Dissolve the
Tesidue in water and divide the
Ni or Co

solution in two parts Dissolve the black ppt in aqua the

) Part Iadd NHLOH and dimethylRose red ppt is obtained Ni Confimed regia, Bol it til dry. Dissolve
residue in water and divide the
Ni Confimed
glyoximë A black ppt is formed Ni, confimed Solution nto fwo parts.
ü) To part II add NaOH in excess Nabsent may be Co*
and then Brz water
)To Part I add Dimethyl elyoxime no
( i ) T o p a r t I add CH3COOH and
ppt
A yellow pptis obtained Co confirmed
Dry test : Perfom bora bead Brown bead is formed Ni confimed solid KNO. Warm the solution
Dry. test: Perform borax bead Blue bead is formed- Co confirmed
Resut: The given Salt has sulphate (SO) and Nickel (Ni2*) radicals in it Ftest.
Result:
The given mixture coatains Nitrate (NO5) and Cobalt (Co radicals

EXPERIMENT EXPERIMENT
Baercise: Identify one acid and one basic radical form the given mixture by dry and
Exercise: Analyse the given salt for one acid and one basic radical by dry and wet tests.
wet tests
S. Observations nference
Experiment S. Experiment Observations Inference
No. NO.
Tests for Acid Radieals Tests for Acid Radiçals
Salt +dil H,SO, and heat No reaction. Dilute acid group is absent Mixture + dil. HiSO, and heat reacion Dilute acid group isS
Sali + Conc, H2SO, and heat Colourless pungent snellingConc, acid group 1s present
absent
gas evolved Mixture +conc. HSO and heat Brown coloured gas with Conc. acid group is
Bring a glass rod dipped in NH,OH White fumcos forned May be CI
near the mouth of the test ube
pungent smell evolved present
Add some copper turning to the Brown gas becomes May be NO,, Br is
Confirmatory Test
estube dense absent
Chromyl Chloride Tes Confirmatory Test
Selt + solid K,Cr,O, +conc. H,SO Dark red pungent smelling
Ring Test :Neutralise sodium A brown ring is formed at NO confirmed.
in a dry test tube and heat ga515 evolved
Pass the red coloured gas in NaOH Solution becomes yellow carbonate extract with the junction of two
CH,COOH Add to it freshly liquids
solution
To the yellow solution add yellow ppt is formed CT confimed prepared FesO4 solution and thenFeSoq.NO is formed
CHCOOH and (CHsCOO% Pd Conc. H,S0, by the side of the
testtube
solutionNitrate test: Sodium Test for Basic Radical
Silver white pplis formed-
Carbonate extract + dil. HNOs Mixture + NaOH sol and heat No smellof ammonia Lero group absent
AgNO, soluuon Original solution t diL HCE NO PPt Oup aosent
Add excess of NH,OH in the ppt The ppil is soluble CI confirmed Pass HaS gas in the above No PP
Test for Basic Radícal
group absent
Sal+NaOH solution and heat No smell of ammonia= Lero group is absent
soluiton
Boil the above solution to remove
Onginal solution + dil. HCI
No Pp roup absent HS completely
Pass HS gas in the above solution No ppt
group absent Test it by a piece of iilier
paper Filter paper does not turm HS is removed
Bol the above solution to remove
moistened with (CPCOO; Pbj black completely.
Now boil the solution with 2 No ppt
group absent
Filter paper does not turn HS is removed completely arops of conc. HNO. Add solid
tened withCC
Now boil the above soluiton with 2 Il group absent NH,Cl and NH,OH solution in
No pp
drops ofconc. HINO, Add solid excess after cooling
NH,Cl and NH,OH in excess attor Pass HaS gas in the above No ppt IV group absent
solution
cooling
Boil off H2S ftom the above A white ppt is obtained be
or Camay
Ba. S present
group
Pass HS gas in the above solutionn No ppt group absent
Boil off HS from the above soluiton A white ppt is oblained V group soluitons and concenrate it Now
and concentrale 1t Now add excess
pc SP", Ca*
May be Ba, Co3 add excess of NH,OH and
of NH,OH and saturated solution of saturated solution of (NHa)» CO,
(NHD Dissolve the white ppl in hot
Dissolve the white ppt in hot CH,COOH and divide it in to
CH,COOH and divide it in to three
three
To
parts
parts
)Topart Iadd KCrO, solution
part I add K^Cr O4 solution A yellow ppt is obuined Baconfirmed
yellow pptis obtained Ba conlirmed Dry Test: Perform flame Ba confirmed.
| Dry Test: Perform flane test APple green lame Ba confirned the mixture or precipitate
test by Apple grecn 1lame
Result: Chloride (C) and Barium (Ba") radicals are present in the given salt. Resut: The given mixnure no..contains Nitrate NO,) and Barium (Ba2*) radicals in it.
 )
u)
EXPERIMENT EXPERIMENT
Esercise f ldentify one acid and one basic radical from the given sait
Exercise: Identity onc acid and one 0asic radiCal irom the given saltby dry aod wet lests
S. Experiment Observations IntcrencC S. Observations
Experiment Inference
No. No.
Tests for Acid Radicals Tests for Acid Radicals
1 Salt + dil. 4,SO Brisk elTervescence with Dilule ncid group is
Salt+dil H,SO, Light brown coued gas Dilute acid goup s
the cvolutlion of present. 13 evojvEO in cola.
present May be NO,
colourless and odourless May be CO
gas Conlmatory lest
Confirmatory Iest Stnrch lndlde Test: Bring a piece Filtet paper turns blue
Pass the evolved gas in lime Lime water turns milky f fdter paper móistened with KI NO confrimed
cO coufirmed.
water and freshly prepared starch iodide
solution nea the mouth of the test
Pass more of the gas in milly Milkyness disappears Co confirmed.
soluuon

Test for Basle Radical

PesO. Test: Sodium carbonate Sofution turns black
NO, confimmed
xtract 4 dil H.
Salt + NaOH sol and heat No smell of NH, Lero group absent prepared FeSO.o e
Original solution dil. HCI No pPP I group absent
Test for Basle Radical
Pass HS gas in the above No Ppt
group absent Salt+ NaOH sol. and heat No smell of NH,
5olulion
NO Pp
erogroup abent
4 . B o i l the above solnhon, io Onginal solution+ dil HCI
Pass HS gns in the ebove solution - No ppe IT group absent
Temove NCOp
moe CH tpaper does not turm H S is removed Bol the above solution, to remove
complctely H,S completely
est it by a picce o lutEr paper Filter paper does not urn HS 1s removed
Now boil the above solution with No ppt group absent moisiened vith (CH,CO0% Pb black
2 drops of conc. HNO,. Add solid
Now boil the above solution with 2No pp
compietely
1group absent
NHCI+NH,OH in excess alter
drops of conc. HNO, Add solid
cooling
Pass HS gas in the above NHCI+NHOH in excess ater
No ppt
8roup absent
solution
Boil off H,S fromi the above Pass HS ga in the above solution No ppt IV group absent
Boil off HS from the abo
solution and concentrateit
Now add excess of NHAOH and A white ppt is fomed B sentmay be solution and concentrate it
Now add excess of NHOH and ppt is formed present may be
saturaled soluton of NH)COs SorCa
sanurated solution of (NHOCO S ar Ca
CH.COOH nd divide he Dissolve the ppt in hot CHCOOH
and divide the solution in three
solutionin three parts
0 To part I add K;CrO, solution No ppt
absent ars
) T opart II add (NH» SO4 absent To part I add KCrOi soluton No ppt Ea absent
No ppt
To part I add (NHd SO4 sohution No ppt absent
solution Ca confirmed. (im)To part l add (NHOAOA w n e Ppl LS tormed Ca confumed
cii) Topart I add (NHJC:O A white ppt is formed

solution
Dry test Ca confimed. Perform Mame test with the salt,Brick redfame Ca confirmed.
Perfom flame test |Brick red fName
Result: Carbonate (CO,) as acid radical and Calcium (Ca") as basic radicals are present Result: The given salt. cotains Nitrito NO,) and Calcium (Ca) radicals in it
n the given salt.

Chemst FrmouelX
EXPERIMNT 27
ExerciseAnalyse the given salt for one acid and one basic radical by dry and wet tests.
S. Experiment Observatlons Inference
Tests for Acid Radicals
Salt dilute H,SO,
Brisk eflervescence withDilute acid group is
the cvolution of present. May be CO
COlOurciess and odourless

Confirmatory Test
Pass the evolved gas in limeLime water turns milky
water CO confirmed
Pass more of the gas in milky Milkyness disappears
5olution coconfimed
Test for Basfc Radical
Salt NaOH solution and bea! No smell of NH, Zero group absent
Ongnal 5oluuon dI. HCI
Pass HS gas in the above
NoPpI group absent
No PP BTOup absent
solution
Boil the above solution to
remove H,S compleiely
Test it by a picce of filter Filter paper does ani turn HS is removed
(CH.COO h black compietely
Now boil the above solution No pp
with 2-drops of conc,HNO, group absent
Add solid NH.Cl and NH.OH
in exces alter coolug
ass H,S gas in the above No ppt
group absent
5olution
Boil off HS from tho aboveNo ppt V group absent.
solution and concentrate it
now add excess of NH,OH
and (NHJ, CO
To the solution obtained White ppt is Sormied group present may be
asoaium whioh is soluble in dil.
Mg
Na.HPOKpndte

Solution of white ppt in dil. HCI| Pinkish red ppes Mg confimed

NaOH+Titan yellow
Dry Test: Peform charcoal Piak residue is left in the-Mg con limed:
avity test wiuh Cobalt cavity
Nitrate
Result : The given salt contains carbonate (COj) and Magnesium (Mg°) radicals uiL