Question Bank

Please choose the most right answer (only one answer).

1) What does a high red blood cell count may indicate?

a. Anemia b. Dehydration
c. Infection d. Liver dysfunction

2) Which blood test is used to assess the clotting ability of blood?

a. Prothrombin Time (PT) b. Complete Blood Count (CBC)
c. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) d. Creatinine Clearance
3) Which white blood cells are primarily responsible for engulfing foreign particles or pathogens in
blood?
a. Lymphocytes b. Neutrophils c. Eosinophils d. Basophils
4) Most abundant blood cells in the human body are
a. WBCs b. RBCs c. Platelets d. Plasma Cells

5) Number of iron atoms in one haemoglobin molecule are

a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8

6) Amount of total blood volume in an individual is approximately-

a. 50 ml/Kg body weight b. 60 ml/Kg body weight
c. 80 ml/Kg body weight d. 90 ml/Kg body weight
7) Normal amount of plasma protein ranges from
a. 2.2-4.3 gm% b. 4.4-6.3 gm% c. 6.4-8.3 gm% d. 8.4-10.2 gm%

8) Serum does not contain

a. fibrinogen b. antibodies c. hormones d. albumin

9) Each gram% of haemoglobin, when fully saturated, can carry ……………… ml of O2

a. 1.34 ml b. 3.14 ml c. 4.13 ml d. 5ml

10) In Sickle cell anaemia, the defect lies in which polypeptide

a. Alpha chain b. Beta chain c. Gamma chain d. Delta chain

11) During hypoxia Kidney releases

a. Cortisone b. Cortisol
c. Erythropoietin (EPO) d. Antidiuretic hormone
12) Largest WBCs in peripheral blood is ….
a. Neutrophil b. Monocyte c. Eosinophil d. Large lymphocyte

13) Commonest anaemia in Egypt is ….

a. Pernicious anaemia b. Sickle cell anaemia
c. Iron deficiency anaemia d. None of the above
14) Haemopoiesis is a process of the production of
a. Blood plasma b. Erythrocytes c. Bone marrow d. Haemoglobin

15) What happens to the iron (Fe) that is released during the breakdown of damaged RBCs?
a. It is used to synthesize blood proteins such as albumin
b. It is transported to the liver where it becomes part of the bile salts
c. It is converted into unconjugated bilirubin and excreted in urine
d. It attaches to transferrin and is transported to bone marrow for use in hemoglobin synthesis

16) Which of the following would NOT cause an increase in erythropoietin?

a. Anemia b. High altitude c. Polycythemia d. Hemorrhage

17) Which of the following is a mismatch between blood cells and their description?
a. Neutrophils – Respond to tissue destruction by bacteria; release lysozyme, strong oxidants, and
defensing
b. Lymphocytes – Occur as B-cells, T-cells, and natural killer cells
c. Eosinophils – WBC showing a kidney-shaped nucleus; capable of phagocytosis
d. Basophils-Involved in inflammatory and allergic reactions; release histamine.
18) Which is not considered as a leucocyte?
a. Lymphocyte b. Monocyte c. Neutrophil d. Thrombocyte
19) The process that stimulated by the shortage of oxygen in the body
a. Haematocrit b. Erythropoietin c. Haemopoiesis d. Thrombocytosis
20) The main function of erythrocytes
a. Aggregate and prevent bleeding b. Defends the body against bacteria
c. Transport nutrients d. Transport oxygen
21) If blood CBC reveals high levels of eosinophils what may this indicate ………
a. a fungal infection b. leukaemia
c. a viral infection d. parasitic infestation
22) Definition of haemostats is ……………..
a. The formation of blood cells b. The pooling of blood
c. The prevention of bleeding d. The destruction of red blood cells
23) Which descendant does the hemocytoblast form?
a. Lymphoid stem cells b. Red blood stem cells
c. White blood stem cells d. Leukemia stem cells
24) What does erythropoietin control?
a. Rate of erythrocyte production b. Rate of leukocyte production
c. Rate of myloid production d. Rate of stem cell production
25) Which blood cells are responsible for fighting infections?
a. Red Blood Cells b. White Blood Cells
c. Platelets d. Plasma
26) Which blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide to body cells?
a. Red Blood Cells b. White Blood Cells
c. Platelets d. Plasma
27) Which blood cells are responsible for clotting blood?
a. Red Blood Cells b. White Blood Cells
c. Platelets d. Plasma
28) What part of blood is responsible for carrying wastes, nutrients, and minerals?
a. Red Blood Cells b. White Blood Cells
c. Platelets d. Plasma
29) Each hemoglobin molecule is able to transport ……… molecules of oxygen
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
30) Ratio of WBC to RBC in human blood is:
a. 1:100 b. 1:200 c. 500:1 d. 1:600
31) Abnormal fall in the total count of WBCs in human blood is called
a. Anemia b. Polycythemia c. Leukopenia d. Leukemia
32) Match the following
List I. List II
A. Neutrophil 1. Single large nucleus
B. Eosinophil. 2. 2 to 3 lobed nucleus
C. Basophil. 3. Kidney shaped nucleus
D. Lymphocytes. 4. U or S shaped nucleus
E. Monocyte. 5. Bilobed nucleus

a. A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 5, E - 2
b. A - 4,B - 5, C - 2, D - 1, E - 3
c. A - 2, B - 5, C - 1, D - 4, E - 3
d. A - 2, B - 4, C - 5, D - 3, E - 1
e. A - 1, B - 4, C - 3, D - 2, E - 5
33) Which of the following cytoplasmic granules contain histamine?
a. Basophils b. Acidophils c. Neutrophils d. Monocytes
34) The hormone erythropoietin
a. Delays the maturation of RBC b. Accelerates the production of RBC and Hb
c. Reduces the affinity of Hb towards O2 d. Delays the production of protein heme
35) Blood is a special type of …….. tissue
a. epithelial b. connective c. adipose d. bone
36) Which of the given blood groups is a universal donor?
a. A b. AB c. B d. O
37) Which of the given blood groups is a universal recipient?
a. AB b. O c. A d. B
38) Which of the given cell forms the antibodies in blood plasma?
a. Monocytes b. Eosinophils c. Neutrophils d. Lymphocytes
39) Which blood test is primarily used to assess the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells?
a. Complete Blood Count (CBC) b. Hemoglobin A1c
c. Hematocrit d. Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)

40) What does a high white blood cell count typically indicate?
a. Anemia b. Infection or inflammation
c. Dehydration d. Liver dysfunction

41) Which blood test measures the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months?
a. Fasting Blood Glucose b. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
c. Hemoglobin A1c d. Random Blood Glucose

42) What does the International Normalized Ratio (INR) measure in blood?
a. Platelet function b. Coagulation time
c. Liver enzymes d. Blood glucose levels

43) Which blood test is used to assess the clotting ability of blood?
a. Prothrombin Time (PT) b. Complete Blood Count (CBC)

c. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) d. Creatinine Clearance

44) What is the primary purpose of a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test?
a. Assess liver function b. Measure blood glucose levels

c. Evaluate kidney function d. Monitor iron levels

45) Which blood test is commonly used to assess the levels of "good" and "bad" cholesterol?
a. Liver Function Tests b. Lipid Profile

c. C-reactive Protein (CRP) d. Thyroid Function Tests

46) What does a high level of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood indicate?
a. Hyperthyroidism b. Heart disease or inflammation

c. Anemia or hypoxia d. Kidney dysfunction

47) What does a high red blood cell count may indicate?
a. Anemia b. Dehydration

c. Infection d. Liver dysfunction

48) Which blood cells are responsible for the transport of oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout
the body?
a. White blood cells b. Platelets

c. Erythrocytes d. Monocytes

49) What is the lifespan of a typical red blood cell in circulation?

a. 30 days b. 90 days c. 120 days d. Almost 1 year

50) Which type of white blood cell is primarily responsible for phagocytosis and engulfing foreign
particles or pathogens?
a. Lymphocytes b. Neutrophils

c. Eosinophils d. Basophils

51) What specialized organelle do white blood cells use to break down ingested pathogens?
a. Nucleus b. Mitochondria

c. Lysosome d. Golgi apparatus

52) What is the function of platelets in the blood?

a. Transport oxygen b. Clotting of blood

c. Fight infections d. Produce antibodies

53) Which blood cell type plays a crucial role in the immune response by producing antibodies?
a. Monocytes b. Platelets

c. Lymphocytes d. Erythrocytes

54) What is the process by which the white blood cells move out of blood vessels and into tissues to
combat infections?
a. Diapedesis b. Hematopoiesis

c. Erythropoiesis d. Thrombopoiesis

55) What parameter indicates the total volume of erythrocytes in blood?

a. Hemostasis b. Hematocrit

c. Hematopoiesis d. Hemoglobinopathy

Please read each sentence, then shade "(A)" for TRUE statements and "(B)" for FALSE ones in your
bubble sheet

 Breakdown of erythrocytes in the body:

56) Occurs when they are 6–8 weeks old. (B)
57) Takes place in the reticulo-endothelial system. (A)
58) Yields iron, most of which is excreted in the urine. (B)
59) Yields bilirubin which is carried by plasma protein to the liver. (A)
60) Is required for the synthesis of bile salts. (B)

 Blood platelets assist in arresting bleeding by:

61) Releasing factors promoting blood clotting. (A)
62) Adhering together to form plugs when exposed to collagen. (A)
63) Liberating high concentrations of calcium. (B)
64) Releasing factors causing vasoconstriction. (A)
65) Inhibiting fibrinolysis by blocking the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. (B)

 Erythrocytes:
 Are responsible for the major part of blood viscosity. (A)
66) Contain the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. (A)
67) About 33% of its mass is hemoglobin. (A)
68) Swell to bursting point when suspended in 0.9 per cent (150 mmol/litre) saline. (B)
69) Have rigid walls. (B)

 Human plasma albumin:

70) Contributes more to plasma colloid osmotic pressure than globulin. (A)
71) Filters freely at the renal glomerulus. (B)
72) Is negatively charged at the normal pH of blood. (A)
73) Carries carbon dioxide in blood. (A)
74) Lacks the essential amino acids. (B)

 Neutrophil granulocytes:
75) Are the most common leukocyte in normal blood. (A)
76) Contain proteolytic enzymes. (A)
77) Are polymorphonuclear cells. (A)
78) Contain actin and myosin microfilaments. (A)
79) Are present in high concentration in pus. (A)

 Lymphocytes:
80) Constitute 1–2 per cent of circulating white cells. (B)
81) Are motile. (A)
82) Can transform into plasma cells. (A)
83) Decrease in number following removal of the adult thymus gland. (B)
84) Decrease in number during immunosuppressive drug therapy. (A)

 Antibodies:
85) Are protein molecules. (A)
86) Are absent from the blood in early fetal life. (A)
87) Are produced at a greater rate after the first than after the second exposure to an antigen. (B)
88) Produced by B lymphocytes and circulates as free immunoglobulins. (A)
89) With a 1 in 8 titre are more concentrated than ones with a 1 in 4 titre. (A)