DẠNG 8: MATCHING

Exercise 1:

1. A
3. D
2. C
4. B

Transcript
Customer: So, what are the differences between these four hotels?

Travel agent: Well the main difference is in the facilities they offer. The Hotel

Q1 Sunshine is the only one which has a gym and it’s also got one of the top health
spas in the area. It’s next to a lake so you can do water sports there. But if you
really like sailing or water skiing, then the Highland Hotel would probably be the

Q2 best place because it offers great instruction programmes in these sports.

Customer: Actually, I’m not a sporty person.

Travel agent: OK. Well, what about the Hotel Carminia? It’s a brand new

Q3 hotel, and it prides itself on its cinema and multimedia centre. And then
there’s The Royal. This one has a conference room, a meeting room, and free

Q4 computer access, but it’s not really appropriate for children; there’s not
much
in the way of entertainment.

Customer: Well, I’m going on holiday, not to work, and it’s just my wife and me
so I think we’ll book with the Hotel Carminia, please.
Vocabulary:

- facility (noun): ( số nhiều) điều kiện dễ dàng, điều kiện thuận lợi; phương tiện
dễ dàng
Meaning: buildings, services, equipment, etc. that are provided for a particular
purpose

- instruction (noun): chỉ thị, lời chỉ dẫn

Meaning: detailed information on how to do or use something

- pride (noun): Sự kiêu hãnh, sự hãnh diện; niềm kiêu hãnh, niềm hãnh diện,
thể diện
Meaning: a feeling of pleasure or satisfaction that you get when you or people who
are connected with you have done something well or own something that other
people admire

- multimedia (noun) : đa phương tiện

Meaning: (in computing) the use of sound, pictures and film in addition to text on
a screen

- conference (noun): Hội nghị

Meaning: a large official meeting, usually lasting for a few days, at which people
with the same work or interests come together to discuss their views

- appropriate (adj): thích hợp, thích đáng

Meaning: suitable, acceptable or correct for the particular circumstances
 Exercise 2:

7. D
9. C
8. A
10. B

Transcript
TOA: Well, I know about a few of them, and there are pictures in this leaflet
here. This one here is lovely - the Belleview - and it’s extremely popular. It has
Q7
a famous chef, so it’s not cheap, but the standard of the food is very high, It’s
right by the sea and there are wonderful views if you get a good table. Then
there’s The Lighthouse Cafe - you can see the picture here - which isn’t really
a cafe at all. In fact, it’s a great restaurant and a lot if TV celebrities and
Q8
actors eat there. The place has been going for over a hundred years! It’s quite
an institution around here .

Tourist: Mm. I’m not sure about those two - they sound too expensive to me. I
was thinking of somewhere small, not too up-market, but with good food.

TOA: In that case what about Harvey’s? The same family has run this
Q9
restaurant for over a century, and it’s reasonably priced and really popular
with local people. And there’s another family-run restaurant, Stonecroft
Q1
House. New owners took over a month ago and they’re getting good reviews.
There’s a new chef there and the food is meant to be very good. This leaflet
0
has the contact details for all the restaurants so you can just call them if you’d
like to book a table.

Tourist: Great, thanks. You’re been very helpful.

Vocabulary:

- chef (noun): Đầu bếp

Meaning: a professional cook, especially the most senior cook in a restaurant,
hotel, etc.

- standard (noun): Tiêu chuẩn, chuẩn, mẫu

Meaning: a level of quality, especially one that people think is acceptable

- reasonably (adv): Hợp lý.

Meaning: to a degree that is fairly good but not very good

- leaflet (noun) : tờ quảng cáo rời

Meaning: a printed sheet of paper or a few printed pages that are given free to
advertise or give information about something
 Exercise 3:

4. C
5. B
6. A

Transcript
Now we ourselves have done a little reorganisation over the last year to
maximise our productivity. We’ve thought long and hard about the best
location for the Marketing Department as this is the key to facilitating our
future business. Although Perth has a large number of marketing companies, Q4
which enables us to learn from our competitors, it’s Melbourne that’s the
gateway to international connections, and therefore we’re decided to move all
marketing operations there.
In terms of professional development, we wanted to optimise the training
programmes available to our staff because training is vital if we want to remain
competitive. As a result, staff training will no longer be here in Sydney but Q5
instead will take place in the Perth office, where new facilities have been
installed.
Finally, we’ve looked at how to optimise our back office administrative
functions. Currently, each office has it’s own admin department. However, this

Q6 is proving to be less efficient than we would like. In order to resolve this

situation, all these functions will now be centralised here in Sydney.
Vocabulary:

- reorganisation (noun) : cải tổ lại, tổ chức lại

Meaning: the act or process of changing the way in which something is organized
or done

- productivity (noun): sức sản xuất, năng suất

Meaning: the rate at which a worker, a company or a country produces goods, and
the amount produced, compared with how much time, work and money is needed
to produce them

- competitor (noun): Người cạnh tranh; đấu thủ, đối thủ

Meaning: a person or an organization that competes against others, especially in
business

- optimise (verb): Lạc quan; theo chủ nghĩa lạc quan

Meaning: to make something as good as it can be; to use something in the best
possible way

- install (verb): đặt, lắp, gá đặt, lắp đặt

Meaning: to fix equipment or furniture into position so that it can be used

- efficient (adj): Có hiệu lực, có hiệu quả

Meaning: doing something well and thoroughly with no waste of time, money or
energy

- centralise (verb): Tập trung

Meaning: to give the control of a country or an organization to a group of people
in one particular place
7. D
9. B
8. A
10. E

Transcript
Guide: At the moment, we only have yellow plaques for all the famous people,
but we are aiming to produce different coloured plaques so that people can do
specific walks. For example, if they are interested in famous sports
Q7
personalities they can do a tour following the red plaques - the colour we
are aiming to use for these people. We are looking at introducing grey,
white and green plaques as well. We are thinking of using grey plaques to
Q8
signify people who have done important work within the government and
Q9
white plaques for those who have done good works in the community. Lastly,
Q1
our green plaques we think will be very popular, these will be for painters and
0
sculptors, leaving our yellow ones for writers, actors and other people of note.
We do hope you enjoy looking at the plaques around the city. We have guide
books on sale in the gift shop where you can find all the plaques. These are
priced at $11.99.

Vocabulary:

- plaque (noun): Tấm, bản

Meaning: a flat piece of stone, metal, etc., usually with a name and dates on,
attached to a wall in memory of a person or an event
- personality (noun): Nhân cách, tính cách
Meaning: the various aspects of a person’s character that combine to make them
different from other people
- signify (noun) : Biểu thị, biểu hiện; báo hiệu; là dấu hiệu của cái gì
Meaning: to be a sign of something
- sculptor (noun): Nhà điêu khắc; thợ
chạm Meaning: a person who makes
sculptures
18. E
19. C
20. B

Transcript
So before I leave you all to start your tour, I’ve just got a few tips. There are a
large number of attractions and you may not have time to see them all. Of course,
there are the old favourites like the Aquarium and the Crocodile Cave but if you
don’t have time to see everything make sure you visit Turtle Town, which is beyond Q18
the Aquarium and the Seal Centre. This is very special and has a large number of
endangered species, and as it’s at the far corner of the Sea Life Centre it often gets
overlooked. I also have to apologise for the Penguin Park. This has needed some Q19
urgent work to be done and so will not be open for the next week. We are very sorry
about this but I’m sure you’ll find the Seal Centre which is directly opposite it will
keep you entertained just as much - if not more!
We’re also very busy today as you may have noticed on your way in. Everyone
starts here at the Aquarium but as it’s so big, there’s no waiting to get in. But today
we’re expecting a lot of people to want to see the Crocodile Cave as a couple of Q20
eggs have hatched out. So expect delays there and, if you like, move on to the Seal
Centre first and then go back when things are quieter, towards the end of the day.
So I’ll leave you now but if you have any questions I won’t be far away and have a
great time at the Sea Life Centre!
Vocabulary:

- attraction (noun): Sự thu hút, sự hấp dẫn, sự lôi cuốn; sức hấp dẫn, sức lôi
cuốn Meaning: an interesting or enjoyable place to go or thing to do

- Aquarium (noun): Khu công viên có bể nuôi (cá, loài thuỷ sinh); nơi trưng bày bể
nuôi (cá, loài thuỷ sinh)
Meaning: a large glass container in which fish and other water creatures and plants
are kept

- endanger (adj): Gây nguy hiểm

Meaning: to put somebody/something in a situation in which they could be
harmed or damaged

- apologise (verb) : xin lỗi, tạ lỗi

Meaning: to say that you are sorry for doing something wrong or causing a problem

- hatch (verb): nở (trứng)

Meaning: to come out of an
egg
 Exercise 6:

15. C
16. E
17. A

Transcript
So I’d like to go through who’s doing what when the guests arrive and I think
we’ll make a few changes from the last party held here. If I remember
correctly, it was Olav who co-ordinated the task of providing the guests with
drinks or was it Ahmed? (checking) Um, I’m not sure - but Gary asked to do it Q15
this time - so that will be his job. There’s been no decision yet on what the
drinks are going to be but I hope they decide soon in case we need to order
something special. Now
- for receiving the guests’ coats and hats, it’s important we have someone
experienced doing this as we don’t want guests losing their belongings. And Q16
Monica, last time this was your responsibility. Susan, I know you wanted to do
this but as the numbers are quite high for this event I won’t make a change
here. Right - now last time there was some confusion as to where guests were
supposed to go once they had deposited their things and we had guests roaming
around the whole hotel. So Ahmed and Olav - I believe you discussed the
Q17
problems with Susan and thought she would be good at guiding guests after
they had arrived - and I’m fine with that.
Vocabulary:

- co-ordinate (verb): Hành động và làm việc cùng nhau

Meaning: to organize the different parts of an activity and the people involved in it
so that it works well

- belongings (noun): Thuộc về, của, thuộc quyền sở hữu

Meaning: the things that you own which can be moved, for example not land or
buildings

- responsibility (noun): Trách nhiệm; sự chịu trách nhiệm; bổn phận; nghĩa vụ
Meaning: a duty to deal with or take care of somebody/something, so that you may
be blamed if something goes wrong
 Exercise 7:

16. B
19. C
17. A
20. A
18. C

Transcript
OK, let me tell you a little bit about the different tracks we have here. All of
them start at the end of Mountain Road - and you’ll find a parking lot there
where you can leave your vehicles. Let's start with North Point track. It's a
gentle route through lowland forests - good for biking and probably the one
for you if you have small children. There's a wooden hut where you can stay at
the end of the track but be aware that it's really just an overnight shelter,and
Q16
you'll need to take your own sleeping bags and cooking equipment. Another
option is the Silver River track. As the name suggests, you'd be following the
river for most of the way and you get to see some of our beautiful native birds
but the track also goes through a densely forested area. Unfortunately the
Q17
signposting isn't very good in places and you do need a good map reading
skills to avoid becoming disoriented, which happens to visitors a little too
frequently, I'm afraid. Valley crossing will take you through some stunning
scenery but there are several points along the way where you'll need the level
Q1
of fitness required to get over some pretty big rocks. Stonebridge is one of the
shorter tracks, but very steep as it takes you up to the waterfall and you do
8
need to be in good condition to manage it. lastly the Henderson Ridge track
will take you all the way to the summit of the mountain. Do bear in mind,
Q1
though, that at this time of year the weather is very changeable and if the
clouds suddenly descends, it's all too easy to wander off the track. It's best to
9
check with us for a weather report on the morning you think you want to go.
On the way to the summit, there's a hotel which provides comfortable rooms
and quality meals, so it's worth climbing all...
Q20
Vocabulary:

- track (noun): dấu, vết

Meaning: a rough path or road, usually one that has not been built but that has
been made by people walking there

- vehicle (noun): Xe cộ (xe hai bánh, xe hơi, xe tải..)

Meaning: a thing that is used for transporting people or goods from one place to
another, such as a car or lorry/truck

- route (noun): Tuyến đường; lộ trình; đường đi

Meaning: a way that you follow to get from one place to another

- shelter (noun): Sự nương tựa, sự che chở, sự ẩn náu

Meaning: the fact of having a place to live or stay, considered as a basic human need

- signpost (noun): Biển chỉ đường

Meaning: enlarge image a sign at the side of a road giving information about the
direction and distance of places

- stunning (adj): tuyệt vời; lộng lẫy; gây ấn tượng sâu sắc
Meaning: extremely attractive or impressive

- descend (verb): Xuống, dốc xuống, rơi xuống, lăn xuống, đi xuống, tụt
xuống... Meaning: to come or go down from a higher to a lower level
 Exercise 8:

16. C
19. G
17. D
20. E
18. F

Transcrip
t
OK, moving on. Unfortunately, there’s been an increase in the number of
minor crimes and anti-social behavior in the general area and I want to talk
about some specific prevention measures that are being proposed. First of all, the
skate park. As you probably know, it's well used by younger people in our
community but unfortunately we're getting more and more reports of broken
glass - making it especially dangerous for younger children. One possible solution
here is to get rid of some of the trees and bushes around the park - making it more
Q16
visible to passersby and vehicles if the Vandals know they're being watched, this
might act as a deterrent. As you will have heard a couple of local primary schools
have also been vandalized recently - despite the presence of security guards. The
schools don't have the funds for video surveillance - so we need people in the
neighborhood to call their nearest police station and report any suspicious
Q17
activity immediately. Please don't hesitate to do this. I expect most of you are
familiar with the problems facing Abbotsford Street. It seems that no amount of
warning signs or speed cameras will slow speeding drivers down. I’m happy to
say, however, that the council have agreed to begin work over the next few
Q18
months to put in a new roundabout. What else? Oh, yes. The newsagent and the
gift shop on Victoria Street were both broken into last week, and although no
money was taken, the properties have suffered some serious damage. Access was
gained to the shops through the small alleyway at the back of the properties - it's
dark and as you can imagine, no one saw the thief or thieves in action. So, we've
been advising shop owners along there about what kind of video recording
Q19
equipment they can have put in - we’ll then be able to get evidence of any criminal
activity on film. The supermarket car park is also on our list of problem areas
we've talked to the supermarket managers and council authorities and we've
advised them to get graffiti cleaned off immediately and get the smashed lights
Q20
replaced. If you don't deal with this sort of thing at once, there's a strong
possibility that the activity will increase and spread, and then it becomes...
Vocabulary:

- prevention (noun): Sự ngăn cản, sự ngăn trở, phòng ngừa

Meaning: the act of stopping something bad from
happening

- visible (adj): Hữu hình, thấy được, có thể nhìn thấy, có thể thấy; trong tầm mắt
Meaning: that can be seen

- deterrent (adj): Để ngăn cản, để ngăn chặn, để cản trở

Meaning: making somebody less likely to do something

- surveillance (noun): Sự giám sát; sự theo dõi cẩn thận

Meaning: the act of carefully watching a person suspected of a crime or a place
where a crime may be committed

- roundabout: Theo đường vòng (không đi theo con đường ngắn nhất)
Meaning: a place where two or more roads meet, forming a circle that all traffic
must go around in the same direction

- property(noun): Tài sản, của cải, vật sở hữu, người giàu có

Meaning: a thing or things that are owned by somebody; a possession or possessions

- graffiti(noun) : (nghệ thuật) nghệ thuật grafitô (trang trí bằng cách cạo thạch cao
cho lộ mặt dưới có màu khác)
Meaning: drawings or writing on a wall, etc. in a public place
 Exercise 9:

4. A
5. D
6. C

Transcript
Moving on to the second point - how changes within a country can have as
much or more of an effect then those outside the country. Various parts of
New York have changed radically in their ethnic make-up over the last 200
years: communities became wealthier, governments introduced new laws, and
employment opportunities came and went. These factors affect where people
choose to live or force them to move to somewhere different. For example,
most people think that the population has changed in Manhattan due to the
rise
of its importance as a financial trade centre, which is true to some extent. But

Q4 like the Ellis Island example, a change in politics, namely a change of

mayor, allowed the city to boom as a financial centre, and this resulted in
different types of people moving to the area. Brooklyn is an interesting example,
too and we’ll be looking at it as our case study later in the lecture. Whereas it
used to be a predominantly working class area of the city and therefore
attracted unskilled migrant workers, nowadays its fame as a centre for

Q5 up-and-coming artists and musicians means it has attracted a new and

much more diverse population of middle class residents. Finally, Queens has
shown
a dramatic change in its population over the last fifty years due to the airports
there. This means that the number of airline staff living in the area has Q6
dramatically increased and changed the nature of the local population.
Vocabulary:

- force (verb): Dùng vũ lực đối với, bức hiếp, ép buộc, cưỡng ép, bắt
buộc Meaning: violent physical action used to obtain or achieve
something

- extent (noun): Khoảng rộng

Meaning: how large, important, serious, etc. something is

- politics (noun): Hoạt động chính trị, công việc chính trị, đời sống chính trị
Meaning: the activities involved in getting and using power in public life, and
being able to influence decisions that affect a country or a society

- mayor (noun): Thị trưởng

Meaning: the head of a town, borough or county council, chosen by other members
of the council to represent them at official ceremonies, etc.

- predominantly (adv): Phần lớn, chủ yếu

là Meaning: mostly; mainly

- migrant (noun) : Di trú; di cư

Meaning: a person who moves from one place to another, especially in order to
find work
 Exercise 10:

26. G
29. C
27. A
30. E
28. D

Transcript
Robert:
OK, shall we now have a look at the projects that different researchers and
organisation are working on?
Anna:
For me, the project I really liked was the one at Tufts University - you know,
where they’ve invented tiny edible patches to stick on fresh foods that show
you what level of bacteria is present, and so whether you can still eat it.
Robert: It’s a great idea as it tells you if you need to hurry up and eat the food
before it goes off. The other good thing about the patches is that apparently Q26
they’ll be cheap to manufacture.
Anna: Good. Then the other thing I thought was great was the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology project.
Robert: I hadn’t seen that.
Anna: Well, they’ve developed these sensors that can detect tiny amounts of
ethylene. Ethylene is the natural plant hormone in fruit that makes them
turn ripe, apparently. The researchers think that they can attach the sensors
to cardboard boxes - and then supermarkets can scan the sensors with a
portable device to see how ripe the fruit inside is. That’s got to be a quicker Q27
way to check for ripeness than taking each box off the shelf and opening it.
Robert: Definitely. And I thought that Lean Path was worth mentioning, too. Their
waste tracking technology means that caterers can see how much food is
being wasted and why. That’ll increase profits for them eventually. Q28
Anna: Yes. And did you read about Zero PerCent? They’ve produced this
smartphone application that allows restaurants to send donation alerts to
food charities. The charities can then pick up the unwanted food and
distribute it to people in need.
Robert: In the long run, that’ll definitely benefit poorer families in the Q29
neighbourhood. No kid should go to school hungry.
Anna: I agree. And I read that quite a few local governments in the USA are
thinking about introducing compulsory composting in their states - so you
can’t put any food waste into your rubbish bins, just the compost bin.
Robert: Well, I guess that means a bit more work for people. I mean, they have to
separate the organic and inorganic waste themselves before they take it out
to the compost bin, and you know how lazy some people are! But I guess if Q30
we all start composting, we’d be doing something positive about the
problem of food waste ourselves, rather than relying on the government to
sort it out. Having said that, not everyone has a garden so...

Vocabulary:

- edible (adj): Có thể ăn được (không độc)

Meaning: fit or suitable to be eaten; not
poisonous
- patch (noun): Miếng vá, miếng đắp,
Meaning: a small area of something, especially one which is different from the
area around it
- bacteria (noun) : vi khuẩn
Meaning: the simplest and smallest forms of life. Bacteria exist in large numbers
in air, water and soil, and also in living and dead creatures and plants, and are
often a cause of disease.
- sensor (noun): (kỹ thuật), (vật lý) phần tử nhạy; cái cảm biến
Meaning: a device that can react to light, heat, pressure, etc. in order to make a
machine, etc. do something or show something
- portable(adj) : Có thể mang theo, xách tay
Meaning: that is easy to carry or to move
- caterer (noun): Người cung cấp lương thực, thực phẩm
Meaning: a person or company whose job is to provide food and drinks at a business
meeting or for a special occasion such as a wedding
- compulsory(adj) : Ép buộc, bắt buộc, cưỡng bách
Meaning: that must be done because of a law or a rule
- compost (noun): Bón phân trộn
Meaning: a mixture of decayed plants, food, etc. that can be added to soil to help
plants grow
 Exercise 11:

21. E
25. B
22. I
26. D
23. C
27. A
24. G

Transcrip
t
Tutor: Right Stewart, well I’ve read your draft report on your work placement at
the Central Museum Association. Sounds as if you had an interesting time.
So you ended up making a film for them?
Stewart: Yeah. It was a film to train the employees in different museums in the
techniques they should use for labelling ancient objects without damaging
them. Some of them are really fragile.
Tutor: OK. So in your report you go through the main stages in making the film.
Let’s discuss that in a little more detail. You had to find a location -
somewhere to shoot the film.
Stewart: That took quite a few days, because I had to look at different museums all
over the country, but I’d allowed time for it. And even though it was the
middle of winter, there wasn’t any snow, so I didn’t have any transport Q21
Tutor: problems.
Stewart: Right. Did you have to decide what equipment you’d need for the filming?
Yes. I think they were quite surprised at how well I managed that. It was just Q22
Tutor: the luck of the draw actually, I’d done that project with you last year …
Oh, on recording technology? So you knew a bit about it from that, right.
Stewart: Yeah. What I found really hard was actually writing the script. I had a Q23
deadline for that but the Association had to extend it. I couldn’t have done it
otherwise.
Tutor: Would it have helped if you’d had some training
Stewart: there? I think you’re right, I probably needed that,
Tutor: yeah.
Right. Now from your draft report it sounds as if you had one or two problems
Stewart: deciding who was going to actually appear in the video.
The casting? Yeah. I’d expected that the people who worked for the
Tutor: Association would be really keen on taking part…
But they
weren’t?
Stewart: The thing was, they were all so busy. And it did mean some of them had to
travel. But Janice King, who I was reporting to for the project, she was Q24
great. She arranged for people to have time off and for their work to be
covered. So that was a big help for me.
Tutor: Right. And it sounds like the filming itself went well. I gather you found a Q25
company who provided an online introduction to the techniques.
Stewart: Yeah. It was really informative, and very user-friendly. I learned
a lot from it.
Tutor: And then the editing?
Stewart: For that, the Association put me in touch with someone who works for one Q26
of the big movie companies and I went down to the studio and sat with him
in front of his computer for a day, learning how to cut and paste, and deal
with the soundtrack and so on.
Tutor: So was that all?
Stewart: No, I didn’t include this in my draft report but I had to design the cover for
the DVD as well… the lettering and everything.
Tutor: Have you done any of that sort of design work before?
Stewart: No, but I did a rough draft and then talked it through with a couple of my Q27
mates and they gave me some more ideas, and when I’d finished it, I
showed it to the people who worked at the Association and they really liked
Tutor: it.
Excellent.
Vocabulary:

- placement (noun) : Sắp đặt, sắp xếp việc làm

Meaning: the act of finding somebody a suitable job or place to live

- fragile (adj): Dễ vỡ, dễ gãy, dễ hỏng; mỏng mảnh, mỏng manh ( (nghĩa đen) &
(nghĩa bóng))
Meaning: easily broken or damaged

- informative (adj): Cung cấp nhiều tin tức, có nhiều tài liệu
Meaning: giving useful information

- soundtrack (noun): rãnh âm thanh

Meaning: some of the music, and sometimes some speech, from a film/movie or
musical that is released on CD, the Internet, etc. for people to buy
 Exercise 12:

4. D
6. B
5. C
7. A

Transcript
Emma: So, I think we’d better start planning what we’re going to do for our
group project. Have you guys had any ideas?
Tom: I was thinking we should do something on extreme weather events, but I
think Alex had some different ideas.
Alex: Yes, maybe we should look into more localised weather conditions and
the effects on the immediate environment.
Emma: That's a good idea, Alex, but I don't think we'd be able to get much data
on that, and we don't really have time to do our own research. What
about doing something about the seasons?
Tom: I think the seasons might be a bit too wide-reaching, you know, when we
take into account the wind patterns and pressure systems.
Emma: Maybe you're right.
Alex: Well, how about Tom's idea of extreme weather conditions?
Emma: Yes, that sounds like a good idea. It's easy to break down into separate
parts and it certainly sounds more interesting!
Tom: I'd quite like to cover monsoons. I've been doing some reading on them
and they're quite interesting.
Emma: Well, that sounds good. We should maybe take two areas each - that
would make it easier for us to focus.
Alex: Well, we've got lots to choose from: we could do blizzards, heat
waves, droughts, cyclones. There are loads! Why don't you do
blizzards too, Tom?
Tom: I don't fancy doing them, but I wouldn't mind doing something on floods.
(Q5) They're linked to monsoons, I think, so it will be an easy transition.
What do you fancy doing, Alex?
Alex: Well, I could always cover winds.
 Emma: But that isn't really extreme enough.
Alex: Hmm ... I could do hurricanes, they're pretty exciting. How about doing
cyclones, Emma?
Emma: I'd rather do heat waves and droughts, I think (Q6). I know a bit about
them. I don't know anything about cyclones.
Alex: Cyclones are really interesting. I can cover them.(Q7)
Tom: That sounds great. I was thinking about doing cyclones, but I'm happy for
you to do them

Vocabulary:

- extreme (adj) : Vô cùng, tột bực, cùng cực, cực

độ Meaning: not ordinary or usual; serious or
severe

- monsoon (noun): Gió mùa

Meaning: a period of heavy rain in summer in S Asia; the rain that falls during this
period

- blizzard (noun): Trận bão tuyết

Meaning: a snowstorm with very strong winds

- drought (noun): Hạn hán

Meaning: a long period of time when there is little or no rain

- cyclone (noun): Lốc, gió xoáy

Meaning: a violent tropical storm in which strong winds move in a circle

- transition (noun): Sự chuyển tiếp

Meaning: the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another
 Exercise 13:

26. A
28. A 30. C
27. C
29. B

Transcript
STUDENT 2: You say you’re building models of the world’s ocean systems
but how’re they going to be used, and more importantly, when?
SIMO: Some of the data has already helped in completing projects. For
Q26
example, our understanding of the underlying causes of El Nino events is
being confirmed by float data. Another way we’re using float data is to help
us to understand the mechanics of climate change, like global warming
Q27
and ozone depletion. That’s part of an ongoing variability study but the results
are still a long way off.
However, this is not the case with our ocean weather forecasting. Because we
know from the floats what the prevailing weather conditions will be in certain
parts of the ocean, we can advise the navy on search and rescue missions.
Q28
That’s happening right now and many yachtsmen owe their lives to the
success of this project. In addition, the float data can help us to look at the
biological implications of ocean processes.
STUDENT 1: Would that help with preserving fish stocks?
SIMON: Yes, and advising governments on fisheries legislation. We’re
well on the way to completing a project on this. We hope it will help to bring
about more sustainable fishing practices. We’ll be seeing the results of that
Q29
quite soon.
STUDENT 2: It sounds like the data from floats has lots of applications.
SIMON: Yes it does. It’s also a powerful agricultural tool. If we were aware
of what the weather would be like, say, next year, we could make sure that the
farmers planted appropriate grain varieties to produce the best yield from
the available rainfall.
STUDENT 1: That sounds a bit like science fiction, especially when now we
can’t even tell them when a drought will break.
Q30
SIMON: I agree that this concept is still a long way in the future, but it will
come eventually and the float data will have made a contribution.
Vocabulary:

- mechanic (adj): Thợ máy, công nhân cơ khí

Meaning: a person whose job is repairing machines, especially the engines of
vehicles

- climate (noun) : Khí hậu, thời tiết

Meaning: the regular pattern of weather conditions of a particular place

- variability : tính biến động

Meaning: the fact of something being likely to vary

- prevailing (adj): Đang thịnh hành, phổ biến khắp, rất thông dụng (đồ vật..);
thường thổi trong một khu vực (gió)
Meaning: existing or most common at a particular time

- navy (noun): Hải quân

Meaning: the part of a country’s armed forces that fights at sea, and the ships
that it uses

- mission (noun): Sứ mệnh, nhiệm vụ

Meaning: an important official job that a person or group of people is given to do,
especially when they are sent to another country

- yachtsmen (noun): Người chơi môn du thuyền

Meaning: a man who sails a yacht for pleasure or as a sport

- implication (noun): Sự lôi kéo vào; sự liên can, sự dính líu; ẩn ý, điều ngụ ý;
điều gợi ý
Meaning: a possible effect or result of an action or a decision

- legislation (noun): Sự làm luật, sự lập pháp

Meaning: a law or a set of laws passed by a parliament

- appropriate (adj): ( + to, for) thích hợp, thích đáng

Meaning: suitable, acceptable or correct for the particular circumstances
 Exercise 14:

23. A
25. A
24. B
26. C

Transcrip
t
JULIE: Remind me, Trevor … how long is the presentation?
TREVOR: Dr White said three per hour.
JULIE: So about twenty minutes?
TREVOR: Well. . . it'll be fifteen minutes per presentation.
JULIE: And five minutes for questions. Q2
TREVOR: And is this one going to be assessed? 1
JULIE: No ... not this time round ... because it's the first one ... you know. Q2
TREVOR: Good news. 2
JULIE: Well, Trevor, what are we going to include?
TREVOR: Well... Do you think we ought to give some historical background?
JULIE: Oh no ... definitely not... we won't have time!
TREVOR: OK ... but I think we ought to say something about the geographical
location ... cos not a lot of people know where the islands are ...
JULIE:
Yes ... OK ... I'll take notes, shall I? Q23
TREVOR:
Yeah, that'll be a help ...
JULIE: So ... geographical location ...
TREVOR:
Then we ought to give an overview of the whole education system.
JULIE:
Shouldn't we say something about the economy . . . you know
agricultural produce . . . minerals and so forth?
TREVOR: Well... Dr White said we shouldn't go into that sort of detail.
JULIE:
But it's pretty important when you think about it... you know because it
does influence the education system ...
TREVOR:
Look ... let's think about that one later shall we? Let's see how we're
doing for time . . . Q24
JULIE: OK ... so ... general overview of education
TREVOR: Of course ... and then the role of English language ...
JULIE:
Nope ... that goes in the Language Policy Seminar . . . don't you Q2
remember? 5
Q26
TREVO
R:
TREVOR: All right...so those are the topics we’re going to be ...to be
covering...

Vocabulary:

- assess (verb): Định giá (tài sản, hoa lợi...) để đánh thuế; đánh
giá; ước định Meaning: to make a judgement about the nature or
quality of somebody/something

- geographical (adj) : địa lý

Meaning: connected with the way in which the physical features of
a place are arranged

- economy (noun) : Sự quản lý kinh tế; nền kinh tế; tổ chức kinh tế
Meaning: the relationship between production, trade and the supply of
money in a particular country or region

- influence (verb): Ảnh hưởng, chi phối, tác động

Meaning: the effect that somebody/something has on the way a
person thinks or behaves or on the way that something works or
develops