According to the Punjab University College of Pharmacy (PUCP) Past papers (2015-2023)
PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS-II
(THEORY)
PAST PAPER QUESTIONS
UNIT:1 DRUGS ACTING ON CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
B. ANXIOLYTICS, ANTI-DEPRESSANTS AND ANTI-MANIC DRUGS
1. Write notes on the following: (20) (A/2015)
a. Diazepam b. Digitalis Poisoning
2. What is monoamine theory of depression. Classify antidepressants. Describe mechanism
of action, pharmacological properties, unwanted effects, and interactions of Tricyclic
Anti-Depressants. (20) (A/2015)
3. Classify Anxiolytics. Describe the pharmacological action, clinical uses, and adverse
effects of Benzodiazepines. (20) (A/2016,18)
4. Classify Anti-depressant Drugs. Discuss the Pharmacology of SSRIs and MAOIS. (20)
(2ndA/2016)
5. Classify anti-depressant drugs. Discuss the pharmacological actions, and adverse effects
of Tricyclic Anti-Depressants. (20) (2nd A/2017)
6. Discuss the mechanism of action and untoward effects of Amitriptyline. (10)
(2ndA/2018,19)
7. Discuss the mechanism of action and untoward effects of Fluoxetine (10) (2ndA/2018)
8. Discuss the mechanism of action and untoward effects of Fluoxetine. (10) (A/2019)
(2ndA/2019)
9. Classify Anti-depressant drugs. Describe the mechanism of action, clinical uses and
adverse effects of Tricyclic Anti-depressants. (20) (A/2020)
10.Write down the characteristics of an ideal hypnotic agent (10) (2ndA/2022)
11.Describe the Pharmacology of Diazepam. (10) (2ndA/2022)
12.What is the Biogenic Theory of Depression? Describe mechanism of action, uses and
adverse of Fluoxetine. (10) (2ndA/2022)
13.Describe the mechanism of action, clinical uses, adverse effects and drug interactions of
Citalopram. (15) (A/2023)
14.Difference between benzodiazepine and barbiturates. (05) (A/2023)
(C) ANTI-EPILEPTICS
1. Describe different types of Epileptic seizures. Write down the mechanism of action,
pharmacokinetic, clinical uses, and adverse effects of Phenytoin. (20) (A/2017)
2. Classify Anti-Epileptics. Describe the mechanism of action pharmacological and adverse
effects of Phenytoin? 20) (A/2022)
3. Give the name of drugs to treat Generalized Tonic Clonic seizure. (10) (2nd A/2023)
4. Describe mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, adverse effects and drug interactions of
sodium valproate. (10) (2nd A/2023)
Prepared By: Mubeen Bilal (ASCP-47)
Ahmad Raza (ASCP-02)
Students at Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Canal Campus.
According to the Punjab University College of Pharmacy (PUCP) Past papers (2015-2023)
(F) OPIOID ANALAGESIC
1. Classify Narcotics Analgesics. Discuss the Pharmacology of Morphine. (20) (A/2016)
2. Discuss the mechanism of action and clinical uses of Morphine. (10) (2ndA/2018)
3. Write down the Pharmacology of Morphine. (20) (2ndA/2019)
4. Classify Opioids. Explain mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects of
Morphine. (20) (A/2022)
(G) THERAPEUTIC GASES
(OXYGEN, CARBON DIOXIDE, NITROUS OXIDE AND HELIUM)
1. Discuss the pharmacology of Nitrous oxide. (10) (2ndA/2018,19)
(H) CEREBRAL STIMULANTS, MEDULLARY STIMULANTS,
SPINAL CORD STIMULANTS
1. Discuss the pharmacology of Levodopa. (10) (A/2017)
2. Discuss the pharmacology of Cocaine. (10) (A/2019-2ndA/2019)
3. Classify CNS stimulants. Discuss the mechanism of action, clinical uses, and adverse
effects of Amphetamine. (20) (A/2020)
(I) ANESTHETICS (General and Local)
1. Classify General Anesthetic? Explain in Detail the Pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics
of Thiopental & Nitrous Oxide. (20) (A/2016)
2. Classify general anesthetics? Explain in detail the Pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics of Thiopental (20) (A/2018-2ndA/2017)
3. What are General Anesthetics? Classify Inhalation and Intravenous Anesthetics. (10)
(2ndA/2018,19)
4. What are General Anesthetics? Give the pharmacology of Halothane. (10) (A/2019)
(2ndA/2019)
5. Classify local anesthetics? Discuss various techniques employed to induce Local
Anesthesia. (20) (A/2020)
6. Define LOCAL ANESTHETICS? Classify local anesthetics. Discuss mechanism of
action & pharmacological actions of local anesthetics. (20) (A/2022)
7. Explain PRE-ANESTHETIC MEDICATIONS. (05) (A/2022)
8. What do you understand by inhalation anesthetics? Discuss the mechanism of action and
therapeutic uses of Halogenated Hydrocarbons. (20) (A/2023)
9. Define general anesthesia. Discuss various stages of general anesthesia. Explain in detail
injectable anesthetics. (20) (2nd A/2023)
UNIT:2 NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
DRUGS
1. Classify NSAIDs. Discuss the Mechanism of action, Pharmacological and untoward
effects of Aspirin. (20) (2ndA/2016,17,18)
2. Discuss the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Aspirin. (10) (A/2019)
(2ndA/2019)
3. Write dower mechanism of action, clinical uses, and adverse actions of ASPIRIN in
detail. (20) (2ndA/2022)
Prepared By: Mubeen Bilal (ASCP-47)
Ahmad Raza (ASCP-02)
Students at Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Canal Campus.
According to the Punjab University College of Pharmacy (PUCP) Past papers (2015-2023)
UNIT:3 CHEMOTHERAPY
(B) ANTI-BACTERIALS, ANTI-MCOBACTERIAL,
URINARY TRACT ANTISEPTCS
1. Describe mechanism of action, antibacterial spectrum and adverse effects of Macrolides.
(10) (A/2015)
2. Describe bacterial Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance with examples. (10) (A/2015)
(2nd A/2023)
3. Classify β-Lactum Antibiotics. Discuss the mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of
Cephalosporins? (20) (A/2016)
4. Discuss the Mechanism of action, Antibacterial spectrum and contraindication of
Macrolides. (20) (2ndA/2016)
5. Discuss the mechanism of action and resistance of Penicillins. (20) (A2017)
6. Classify ß-lactum antibiotics. Discuss the mechanism of action, clinical uses and adverse
effects of Cephalosporins. (20) (2nd A/2017)
7. Classify antibiotics which inhibit Protein and Cell wall synthesis. (10) (A/2018,20)
8. Discuss the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Aminoglycosides? (10)
(A/2018,20)
9. Classify β-lactam antibiotics. Discuss the mechanism of action, clinical uses and adverse
effects of Penicillins. (20) (2ndA/2018)
10. Describe the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Rifampacin. (10) (2ndA/2018)
11. Classify Cell wall synthesis inhibiting antibiotics. Discuss the mechanism of action, and
adverse effects of Cephalosporins. (20) (A/2019) (2ndA/2019)
12. Classify Protein synthesis inhibiting antibiotics. Discuss the mechanism of action, clinical
uses and adverse effects of Tetracyclines. (20) (2ndA/2019)
13. Classify protein synthesis inhibitors antibiotics and discuss MOA spectrum of activity
uses and adverse effect of Aminoglycosides. (20) (A/2021)
14. Classify cell wall synthesis inhibitors antibiotics. Describe mechanism of action, anti-
microbial spectrum, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Penicillin. (20) (A/2021)
15. Classify SULPHONAMIDES; describe their MOA, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects
and therapeutic uses of (20) (A/2022)
16. Classify FLUOROQUINOLONES, describe antibacterial spectrum activity, mechanism
of action, adverse effects and uses. (20) (A/2022)
17. Write Short Note on: (5x4=20) (A/2021)
a. Vancomycin c. Gentamicin
b. Azithromycin d. Ciprofloxacin
18. Describe Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in bacteria. (10) (A/2022)
19. Define with examples (10) (A/2022)
a. Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal
b. MIC and MBC
c. Time-dependent killing and Conc. Dependent killing
d. Cmax and Tmax
e. Post antibiotic effect (PAE)
20. Describe process of peptidoglycan synthesis of bacterial cell wall and mechanism of
inhibition by. (10) (2ndA/2022)
Prepared By: Mubeen Bilal (ASCP-47)
Ahmad Raza (ASCP-02)
Students at Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Canal Campus.
According to the Punjab University College of Pharmacy (PUCP) Past papers (2015-2023)
a. Fosfomycin d. Penicillin
b. Cycloserine e. Bacitracin
c. Vancomycin
21. Describe nomenclature, and structural activity relationship (SAR) of PENICILLINS (10)
(2ndA/2022)
22. Classify FLUOROQUINOLONES; explain mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and
adverse effects of any one of them. (10) (2ndA/2022)
23. Enumerate antibacterial spectrum of activity, uses and adverse effects of: (10) (and
A/2023)
a. Sulphonamides d. Macrolides
b. Tetracyclines e. Chloramphenicol
c. Aminoglycosides
24. Write a short note on: (4×5=20) (A/2023)
1) Synthesis of precursors during peptidoglycan synthesis
2) Mechanism of resistance of penicillins
3) Aminoglycoside Toxicities
4) Differentiate between gram positive, gram negative and mycobacterial cell wall
25. Describe mechanism of action of following. (1×5=5) (A/2023)
1) Fosfomycin 4) Azithromycin
2) Amikacin 5) Chloramphenicol
3) Methicillin
26. Describe antimicrobial spectrum of activity of following. (1×5=5) (A/2023)
1) Cefepime 4) Moxifloxacin
2) Aztreonam 5) Azithromycin
3) Tobramycin
27. Discuss adverse effects of following. (2×5=10) (A/2023)
1) Tetracyclines
2) Sulfonamides
28. Classify Penicillins and give their therapeutic uses. (10) (2nd A/2023)
29. Write a note on Isoniazid. (5) (2nd A/2023)
30. Describe antimicrobial spectrum and uses of following. (10) (2nd A/2023)
i) Semisynthetic Penicillins iv) Monobactams
nd
ii) 2 Generation Cephalosporins v) Fluoroquinolones
iii) Aminoglycosides
31. Describe mechanism of action of following drugs. (10) (2nd A/2023)
i) Bacitracin iv) Cycloserine
ii) Doxycycline v) Ciprofloxacin
iii) Clarithromycin
(C) ANTI-FUNGALS DRUGS
1. Classify Anti-fungal drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action and resistance of
Amphotericin B. (20) (A/2015)
2. Classify Antifungal drugs. (08) (2ndA/2016)
3. Discuss the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Amphotericin B &
Griseofulvin. (12) (2ndA/2016)
4. Classify Anti-fungal drugs. (10) (A/2017)
Prepared By: Mubeen Bilal (ASCP-47)
Ahmad Raza (ASCP-02)
Students at Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Canal Campus.
According to the Punjab University College of Pharmacy (PUCP) Past papers (2015-2023)
5. Discuss the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Azoles. (10) (A/2017)
6. Classify anti-fungal drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action, clinical uses and adverse
effects of Amphotericin B. (20) (2nd A/2017)
7. Classify antifungal drugs. Discuss the mechanism(s) of action and resistance of Azoles.
(20) (A/2018)
8. Classify anti-fungal drugs. Discuss Pharmacology of Amphotericin B and Flucytosine
(20) (A/2021)
9. Classify Anti-fungal drugs. Discuss Pharmacology of Amphotericin B and
Ketoconazole. (20) (A/2023)
10.Write a note on Nystatin & Caspofungin. (10) (2nd A/2023)
(D) ANTI-VIRALS DRUGS
1. Classify Anti-retroviral Drugs. Discuss the mechanism (s) of action and resistance of
Zidovudine & Amantadine. (20) (A/2016)
2. Classify Antiviral drugs. Discuss the Mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of
Acyclovir & Interferons. (20) (2ndA/2016)
3. Classify anti-viral drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of
Amantadine. (20) (A/2017)
4. Classify anti-retroviral drugs. Discuss the mechanism(s) of action and resistance of
Zidovudine. (20) (2nd A/2017)
5. Classify Anti-viral drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of
Acyclovir. (20) (2ndA/2018)
6. Classify Anti-viral drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of
Interferons. (20) (A/2019) (2ndA/2019)
7. Classify anti-viral drugs. Discuss the mechanism(s) of action and resistance of Acyclovir.
(20) (2ndA/2019)
8. Classify anti-viral drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action, clinical uses, and mechanisms
of resistance against Acyclovir. (20) (A/2020)
9. Classify Anti-viral drugs. Write down the mechanism of action of Oseltamivir,
Amantadine, Lamivudine and Adefovir. (20) (A/2021)
10. Differentiate between HIV AND AIDS and describe Seven Stages of HIV life cycle.
Classify Anti-Retroviral Agents and enumerate adverse effects of each class. (20)
(2ndA/2022)
11. Write down mechanism of action of Acyclovir and Tenofovir. Write down in detail
about pharmacological actions and therapeutic uses of acyclovir. (20) (A/2023)
12. Write a note on Zidovudine. (5) (2nd A/2023)
(E) ANTI-PROTOZOALS; ANTI-MALARIAS; ANTI-AMEBIASIS;
ANTHELMINTICS AND ANTI-LEISHMANIALS
1. Describe the Life cycle of Malarial Parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Discuss the
Mechanism of action, Pharmacokinetic and Anti-malarial spectrum of Chloroquine &
Primaquine. (20) (2ndA/2016)
2. Describe the life cycle of Plasmodium and discuss the mechanism of action,
pharmacokinetic and anti-malarial spectrum of Artemesinin. (20) (A/2017)
3. Discuss the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Metronidazole. (10) (A/2018)
Prepared By: Mubeen Bilal (ASCP-47)
Ahmad Raza (ASCP-02)
Students at Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Canal Campus.
According to the Punjab University College of Pharmacy (PUCP) Past papers (2015-2023)
4. Describe the mechanism(s) of action, clinical uses and adverse effects of Albendazole.
(10) (A/2018)
5. Describe the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Artemesinin. (10) (2ndA/2018)
(F) ANTI-NEOPLASTIC DRUGS
1. Illustrate diagrammatically Cell-cycle specificity of anti-neoplastic drug classes. Discuss
mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of Doxorubicin. (20) (A/2015)
2. Classify Alkylating agents. Discuss the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and
adverse effects of Cyclophosphamide & Doxorubicin. (20) (A/2016)
3. What are different classes of natural compounds used as Cytotoxic agents? (10)
(2ndA/2016)
4. Discuss the Mechanism of action of Paclitaxel (Taxol) & Cisplatin. (10) (2ndA/2016)
5. What are the different classes of natural compounds used as cytotoxic agents? (10)
(A/2017)
6. Discuss the mechanism of action and adverse effects of Vinca alkaloids. (10) (A/2017)
7. Classify anti-metabolite agents. Discuss the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, and
adverse effects of Methotrexate. (20) (A/2018) (2nd A/2017)
8. What are different sub classes of Alkylating agents used as Anti-cancer drugs? (10)
(2ndA/2018)
9. Discuss the mechanism of action and clinical uses of Cyclophosphamide. (10)
(2ndA/2018)
10. Classify Anti-cancer drugs? (10) (2ndA/2018)
11. Discuss the mechanism of action and clinical uses of Methotrexate. (10) (2ndA/2018)
12. Classify anticancer drugs. (10) (A/2019) (2ndA/2019)
13. Discuss the mechanism of action and clinical uses of Vincristine. (10) (A/2019)
(2ndA/2019)
14. Classify anti-metabolites. Discuss the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse
effects of Methotrexate. (20) (A/2020) (2ndA/2019)
15. Classify anti-cancer drugs on the basis of cell cycle specificity. Discuss in detail about
pharmacology of antimetabolites. (20) (2nd A/2023)
UNIT:5 TOXICOLOGY
(B,C) POISONING (SIGNS, SMYPTOMS & TREATMENT)
1. Discuss various principles of treatment of poisoning. Explain salicylates poisoning. (20)
(A/2015)
2. Write notes on the following (20) (A/2015)
a. Diazepam
b. Digitalis Poisoning
3. Define POISON. Discuss various principles of treatment of Poisoning. Explain
ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS COMPOUND. (20) (A/2016)
4. Discuss the treatment strategies of Acetaminophen-induced toxicities. (10) (A/2017)
5. Describe the management of Arsenic intoxication. (10) (A/2019) (2ndA/2019)
6. Describe the management of Morphine poisoning. (10) (A/2019) (2ndA/2019)
7. Describe the management of Lead intoxication. (10) (2ndA/2019)
8. Describe the management of Digitalis poisoning. (10) (2ndA/2019)
9. Define toxicology. Discuss various factors influencing toxicity. Explain environmental &
occupational toxicology. (20) (A/2021)
Prepared By: Mubeen Bilal (ASCP-47)
Ahmad Raza (ASCP-02)
Students at Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Canal Campus.
