Literacy is the ability to identify, understand, develop critical thinking and life-long learning
interpret, create, communicate and compute skills to socialize and become active
using printed and written materials associated
Form/Style can also pertains to tone, mood,
with varying contexts
color, font types, space, speed, direction,
balance, repetition, emphasis, movement,
rhythm, unity, contrast, hierarchy, contrast,
Media is the physical objects used to
proportion, alignment, proximity, pattern,
communicate with, or the mass communication
others.
through physical objects such as radio,
television, computers, film, etc. It also refers to Medium/Format can also pertains to the
any physical object used to communicate platform that the learners would be presenting
messages. their output (i.e. handwritten, blogs,
presentation, others).
Media Literacy is the ability to access, analyze,
evaluate and create media in a variety of forms. Lesson 2: The Evolution of Traditional to New
It aims to empower citizens by providing them Media
with the competencies (knowledge and skills)
The Evolution of Media through Ages
necessary to engage with traditional media and
new technologies. 1. Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700's) People
discovered fire, developed paper from plants,
and forged weapons and tools with stone,
Information is a broad term that covers bronze, copper and iron.
processed data, knowledge derived from study,
Examples
experience, instruction, signals or symbols.
: Cave paintings (35,000 BC)
Clay tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC)
Information Literacy is the ability to recognize
when information is needed, and locate, Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC)
evaluate and communicate information in its
various formats. Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC)
Dibao in China (2nd Century)
Technology Literacy is the ability of an Codex in the Mayan region (5th Century)
individual, either working independently or with Printing press using wood blocks (220 AD)
others, to responsibly, appropriately and
effectively use technological tools.
2. Industrial Age (1700s-1930s) People used the
power of steam, developed machine tools,
Media and Information Literacy refers to established iron production, and the
essential skills and competencies that allow manufacturing of various products (including
individuals to engage with media and other books through the printing press).
information providers effectively, as well as
Examples:
Printing press for mass production (19th Roles and functions of media in a democratic
century) society
Newspaper- The London Gazette (1640) Channel - provides opportunities for people
to communicate, share ideas, speculate, tell
Typewriter (1800) Telephone (1876)
stories and give information
Motion picture photography/projection
Watchdog - exposes corrupt practices of the
(1890)
government and the private sector. Creating a
Commercial motion pictures (1913) space wherein governance is challenged or
scrutinized by the governed. It also guarantees
Motion picture with sound (1926) free and fair elections.
Telegraph Punch cards Resource center - acts as a gateway of
information for the society’s consumption. Also,
it becomes a keeper of memories of the
community, preserver of heritage and source of
3. Electronic Age (1930s-1980s) The invention academic knowledge
of the transistor ushered in the electronic age. . Advocate - through its diverse sources or
People harnessed the power of transistors that formats, it bridges the gap of digital divide.
led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits,
and the early computers. In this age, long
distance communication became more efficient. Lesson 3: Types of Media: Print, Broadcast and
Examples: New Media
Transistor Radio Types of Media
Television (1941) 3 The different types of media are print,
broadcast and new media.
Large electronic computers- i.e. EDSAC (1949)
and UNIVAC 1 (1951) Print
Mainframe computers - i.e. IBM 704 (1960) Media consisting of paper and ink, reproduced
in a printing process that is traditionally
Personal computers - i.e. HewlettPackard mechanical. Printing was discovered by the
9100A (1968), Apple 1 (1976) Chinese but Europeans and other countries
OHP, LCD projectors contributed to the present technology in
printing. compare and contrast how one
particular issue or news is presented through
the different types of media (print, broadcast
4. Information Age (1900s-2000s) The Internet
and new media); and study various media
paved the way for faster communication and
formats, such as books, newspaper, television,
the creation of the social network. People
YouTube, magazines, social network, radio,
advanced the use of microelectronics with the
mimeographs, newsletter, cellphone, journals
invention of personal computers, mobile
and film/movie.
devices, and wearable technology
Broadcast mobile phone) creating a digital communication
environment
Media such as radio and television that reach
target audiences using airwaves as the
transmission medium.
Television, on the other hand, has also gone a
long way providing the latest news, both local
and international in real time while the news is
happening.
New Media (Internet)
Content organized and distributed on digital
platforms. Internet is a global system of
interconnected computer networks that use the
standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCOP/IP) to
serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network
of networks consists of millions of private,
public, academic, business and government
networks of local to global scope that are linked
by a broad array of electronic and optical
networking technologies.
In this age, print media is still important for
contracts and other business transactions. Radio
is still an important part of media, especially
during power shortage, as there are available
batteries to operate the radio. Television is still a
popular form of media for entertainment
especially with the availability of cable TV.
Media Convergence
The co-existence of traditional and new
media
The co-existence of print media, broadcast
media (radio and television), the internet,
mobile phones, as well as others, allowing
media content to flow across various platforms
The ability to transform different kinds of
media into digital code, accessible by a range of
devices (ex. from the personal computer to the
