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win

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: WIN, Win, Wīn, wiń, wɨn, -win, w/in, and .win

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English winnen, from Old English winnan (“to labour, swink, toil, trouble oneself; resist, oppose, contradict; fight, strive, struggle, rage; endure”) (compare Old English ġewinnan (“conquer, obtain, gain; endure, bear, suffer; be ill”)), from Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to swink, labour, win, gain, fight”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, wish, desire, love”). Cognate with Low German winnen, Dutch winnen, German gewinnen, Danish vinde, Norwegian Bokmål vinne, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish vinna.

Verb

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win (third-person singular simple present wins, present participle winning, simple past won or (obsolete) wan, past participle won)

  1. (obsolete, transitive) To conquer, defeat.
    • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book IV:
      For and we doo bataille we two wyl fyghte with one knyȝt at ones
      and therfore yf ye wille fyghte ſoo we wille be redy at what houre ye wille aſſigne
      And yf ye wynne vs in bataille the lady ſhal haue her landes ageyne
      ye ſay wel ſayd ſir Vwayne
      therfor make yow redy ſo that ye be here to morne in the defence of the ladyes ryght
    • 1998, Rhapsody, Emerald Sword:
      For the glory, the power to win the Black Lord, I will search for the Emerald Sword.
  2. (transitive, intransitive) To reach some destination or object, despite difficulty or toil (now usually intransitive, with preposition or locative adverb).
    • c. 17th century, unknown author, The Baron of Brackley (traditional folk song)
      I well may gang out, love, but I'll never win home.
    • 1922, Everard Wyrall, The History of the Second Division 1914-1918:
      As this position was vulnerable, a trench was immediately begun from the junction of the Green Line with Lager Alley, back to the old British front line, in order to form a defensive flank for the protection of the troops of the 5th Infantry Brigade who had won through to their objective.
    • 1953, John Craig, The Mint: A History of the London Mint from A.D. 287 to 1948:
      Parson Brooke was transferred in a couple of years to the Southwark mint, on dissolution of which he won back to the Tower, there to experiment with machinery in Mary's reign.
    • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 23:
      That euen in the Porch he him did win,
      And cleft his head aſunder to his chin
    • 1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “(please specify the introduction or canto number, or chapter name)”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC:
      And when the stony path began,
      By which the naked peak they won,
      Up flew the snowy ptarmigan.
    • 1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:
      “Has he nae friends?” said she, in a tearful voice.
      “That has he so!” cried Alan, “if we could but win to them!—friends and rich friends, beds to lie in, food to eat, doctors to see to him—and here he must tramp in the dubs and sleep in the heather like a beggarman.”
  3. (transitive) To triumph or achieve victory in (a game, a war, etc.).
  4. (transitive) To gain (a prize) by succeeding in competition or contest.
    to win the jackpot in a lottery;  to win a bottle of wine in a raffle
  5. (transitive) To obtain (someone) by wooing; to make an ally or friend of (frequently with over).
  6. (intransitive) To achieve victory.
    Who would win in a fight between an octopus and a dolphin?
  7. (intransitive) To have power, coercion or control.
    Ever since the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, Bostonians now run as "One Boston." The terrorists did not win.
  8. (transitive) To obtain (something desired).
    The company hopes to win an order from the government worth over 5 million dollars.
  9. (transitive) To cause a victory for someone.
    The success of the economic policies should win Mr. Smith the next elections.
    The policy success should win the elections for Mr. Smith.
  10. (transitive, mining) To extract (ore, coal, etc.).[1]
  11. (transitive, informal) To defeat or surpass someone or something.
Conjugation
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Conjugation of win
infinitive (to) win
present tense past tense
1st-person singular win won
2nd-person singular win, winnest† won, wonnest†
3rd-person singular wins, winneth† won
plural win
subjunctive win won
imperative win —
participles winning won

†Archaic or obsolete.

Derived terms
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Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

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From Middle English winn, winne, from Old English winn (“toil, labor, trouble, hardship; profit, gain; conflict, strife, war”), from Proto-Germanic *winną (“labour, struggle, fight”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Cognate with German Gewinn (“profit, gain”), Dutch gewin (“profit, gain”).

Noun

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win (plural wins)

  1. An individual victory.
    Antonym: loss
    Our first win of the season put us in high spirits.
    • 2011 September 29, Jon Smith, “Tottenham 3 - 1 Shamrock Rovers”, in BBC Sport‎[1]:
      Giovani dos Santos smashed home a third five minutes later to wrap up the win.
  2. (slang) A feat carried out successfully; a victorious achievement.
    Antonym: fail
  3. (obsolete) Gain; profit; income.
  4. (obsolete) Wealth; goods owned.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Etymology 3

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From Middle English wynne, winne, wunne, from Old English wynn (“joy, rapture, pleasure, delight, gladness”), from Proto-West Germanic *wunnju, from Proto-Germanic *wunjō (“joy, delight, pleasure, lust”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, wish, desire, love”).

Cognate with German Wonne (“bliss, joy, delight”), archaic Dutch wonne (“joy”), Danish ynde (“grace”), Icelandic yndi (“delight”).

Noun

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win

  1. (Scotland) Pleasure; joy; delight.
  2. Alternative form of wynn
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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From wind.

Verb

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win

  1. (transitive, Scotland) To dry by exposure to the wind.

References

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  1. ^ Rossiter W[orthington] Raymond (1881) “Win”, in A Glossary of Mining and Metallurgical Terms. […], Easton, Pa.: [American] Institute [of Mining Engineers], […], →OCLC.

Chuukese

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English win.

Noun

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win

  1. win
  2. victory
  3. prize

Verb

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win

  1. to win

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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win

  1. inflection of winnen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Kis

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Noun

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win

  1. woman

Further reading

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  • Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
  • Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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win (uncountable)

  1. Alternative form of wynne (“happiness”)

Etymology 2

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From Old English winn, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winną, *winnaną; akin to winnen. Reinforced by earlier iwin, from Old English ġewinn.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win (uncountable)

  1. benefit, gain, profit
  2. (Late Middle English) wealth, riches
  3. (Early Middle English) discord, conflict, turmoil
  4. (Early Middle English, rare) exertion, work
Descendants
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  • English: win
References
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Etymology 3

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Verb

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win

  1. Alternative form of winnen (“to win”)

Etymology 4

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Noun

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win

  1. Alternative form of vine (“grapevine”)

Mokilese

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win

  1. hair
  2. an animal's feathers or scales

Possessive forms

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Possessive forms of win (tightly inalienable)
singular possessor first person wineioa
second person winemwen
third person wine
dual possessors first person inclusive winesa
first person exclusive winema
second person winemwa
third person winera
plural possessors first person inclusive winesai
first person exclusive winemai
second person winemwai
third person winerai
remote plural possessors first person inclusive winehs
first person exclusive winemi
second person winemwi
third person winehr
construct form winen

Derived terms

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North Frisian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Frisian wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.

Noun

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win m

  1. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) wine
Alternative forms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Frisian wind, from Proto-Germanic *windaz.

Noun

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win m

  1. (Mooring) wind
Alternative forms
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Old Dutch

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.

Noun

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wīn m

  1. wine

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • “wīn”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *wīn from Latin vīnum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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wīn n

  1. wine
    • c. 810, charter of Christ Church Canterbury, Cotton Augustus II, 79, f1r:
      ...selle mon... mittan fulne huniges oðða tuegen uuines...
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

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Strong a-stem:

singular plural
nominative wīn wīn
accusative wīn wīn
genitive wīnes wīna
dative wīne wīnum

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Polish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win f

  1. genitive plural of wina

Noun

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win n

  1. genitive plural of wino

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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From English wind.

Noun

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win

  1. wind
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:7:
      Bihain God, Bikpela i kisim graun na em i wokim man long en. Na em i winim win bilong laip i go insait long nus bilong man, na man i kisim laip.
      →New International Version translation
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Torres Strait Creole

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Etymology

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From English wind.

Noun

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win

  1. wind

Derived terms

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win

  1. Soft mutation of gwin.

Mutation

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Mutated forms of gwin
radical soft nasal aspirate
gwin win ngwin unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

West Makian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win

  1. day
  2. sun

References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[2], Pacific linguistics

Yoruba

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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wìn

  1. to aim at a target with a projectile
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Replaced by yá

Pronunciation

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Verb

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wín

  1. to borrow
    Synonym: yá
  2. (transitive) to lend, loan
    Synonym: yá
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Compare with Olukumi wẹ́n and possibly Igala mẹ́, also used by SEY speakers, it has largely been replaced by sún mọ́ in standard Yoruba

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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wín

  1. (dated) to be near or close to something
    Synonym: sún mọ́
Derived terms
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