IVECO LONG PRODUCTS IN

CONSTRUCTION STEEL
18-1307
Standard
All rights reserved. This standard must not be reproduced or in any way utilized by other parties without the written consent of IVECO.

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- TECHNICAL SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS -
SPECIFICATIONS Date 15.05.2018

Manager: IVECO STD. 19-0201

Author: IVECO STD. 19-0201

1 PURPOSE
In case of dispute the only valid reference is the original Italian/English edition.

This IVECO STD. deals with the general requirements relating to construction steel in the form
of steel billets, design specification sections and wire rods (long products).

These products are intended for:

- hot plastic deformation (forging, hot extrusion, hot swaging);

- cold plastic deformation (extrusion, upsetting);
- mechanical processing with shavings removal.

Edition Date Description of modifications Group

1 23.09.1991 New.

2 11.04.2005 Added Supervisor and Manager. Modified points 2.4 “Certificates of

quality and Conformity”, 7.2 “Casting process” and editorial modi­
fications made.
3 30.09.2009 Updated Supervisor and Manager indication.
4 15.05.2018 Modified point 7.2. "Casting process". Editing modifications.

CMD

IN CASE OF PRINTING THE COPY IS TO BE CONSIDERED AS NON-CONTROLLED, THEREFORE IT IS NECESSARY TO CHECK THE UPDATE ON THE WEBSITE

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2 SPECIFICATIONS OF ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS

2.1 Supplier Evaluation

IVECO reserves the right to carry out an evaluation of the Supplier from both a technical and an
organizational point of view or during the negotiation phase for the start of supplies and/or in the
event of significant process or plant modifications and/or any particular related problems.

The purpose of the evaluation is to qualify the plants and verify the correspondence of the pro­
duction cycle to what was declared by the Supplier and to what is expressly requested by these
Specifications or by the material standards.

IVECO also reserves the right to use its own personnel to directly carry out inspections on the
Supplier's premises.

2.2 Responsibilities of the Supplier

The products must comply with the requirements of these Specifications and those of the spe­
cific standards relating to the different types of steel.

The Supplier itself must carry out all the necessary checks to ensure that the products comply
with the requirements of IVECO STD.

2.3 Acceptance check

IVECO reserves the right to carry out the all checks deemed necessary upon acceptance; any
sample that does not comply with the requirements of these Specifications or the standards of
the materials will require the entire batch to be contested.

The effects of the delivery of the batch itself will be suspended if the batch is contested; the
technical-economical definition will reactivate it.

The products is understood as accepted in terms of quality:

- when any inspection operations have been carried out with a positive outcome;
- from the 75th day following date of receipt of the material in the supply status, without preju­
dice to the principle that acceptance does not relieve the Supplier of the responsibilities re­
lated to the conformity of the finished product.

Upon specific request by IVECO, acceptance can be carried out at the premises of the Supplier
by the specifically accredited representatives; in this case, the availability of the product is un­
derstood as confirmation that delivery has been completed.

2.4 Certificates of quality and conformity

The Supplier undertakes to keep the C.Q.C. for each delivery batch, making them available to
IVECO upon specific request by the latter. For safety related parts, reference is to be made to
IVECO STD. 18-0016.

The certificates must provide:

- For steels of Class FE (non-alloy steel):

D ultimate tensile strength value

D casting analyses and, for D types (fine grain killed steel), resilience value.

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- For steels ordered with analysis only:

D casting analysis;

D grain sizes;

D temperability (upon request): according to IVECO STD. 15-0203 for induction hardened
carbon steels according to IVECO STD. 15-0201 (Jominy test) for remaining steels.

D anti-mix check on charge (Spark Test).

- For steels ordered with controlled hardenability:

D Jominy data at the specified distances;

D grain sizes;
D casting analysis;

D anti-mix check on charge.

There may be cases in which IVECO requires other sizes in addition to those indicated above;
these will be specified on a case by case basis on the specification design, in the standards
and/or on the order. The relative data must be provided on the certificates of quality and con­
formity of the product.

In addition to the certificates of quality and conformity for steels intended for the construction of
safety related parts, the relative samples are taken on the foot of the first and head of the last
ingot namely, in the case of continuous casting, at the beginning and end of 1/3 or 2/4 columns.

The order may specify the requirement to provide special samples and related certificates of
quality and conformity.

2.5 Non-compliant material

Supplies that do not comply with the requirements of this IVECO STD. (and/or the relevant Ta­
bles of the Materials and/or specifications together with the purchase order) or which show de­
fects of any nature that compromise the normal use of steel (detected or upon acceptance of
materials or in the subsequent phase of transformation), will be contested.

Disputes must be defined within the useful time period to allow the Supplier to collect the faulty
lots and parts within and no later than 30 days following notification of the fault.

Rejection of material that has not yet been processed must be returned using the normal de-
billing procedures for defaults, and updating the delivery progress schedule: the Customer has
the right to reduce the SCHEDULED PROGRESSIVE DELIVERY by an equal amount.

For material which has already been processed and is found to be defective due to a fault identi­
fied by the Supplier, and which can no longer be returned to the Supplier in its original condi­
tions, a reject note will be issued to the Supplier, upon verification and approval by one of its
representatives, with scrapping on-site of material and any rescheduling by the Plant.

Without prejudice to the indications provided in national or international agreements between the
steel companies, the Supplier will be charged with the following:

a) The value of the corresponding material, after deducting the value of the scrap, if retained by
the Buyer.

b) The documented direct processing costs will in any case be borne by the Buyer up to the
moment in which the non-conformity of the materials is ascertained and only in relation to
the non-compliant batch.

c) The Buyer in any case undertakes to minimise the total damage.

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2.6 Definition of the production batches

Each production batch consists of billets, bars, number of pieces, rolls of wire rod of the same
size, made from the same casting and which have undergone the same heat treatment or finish­
ing.

By definition, the same heat treatment is intended as the following:

- In the case of a continuous furnace: the treatment cycle without modifying furnace settings.

- In the case of a discontinuous furnace: a same load for products in bar-format.

3 MARKING

3.1 Billets and bars

At one end of all the billets or bars there must be a clearly legible permanent marking, carried
out by punching or with coloured stamp, indicating the type of steel, the identification of the Sup­
plier and the casting number.

The marking is carried out on the outer face if the transversal dimension is equal to or greater
than 30 mm.

For transversal dimensions less than 30 mm, the marking is carried out with paint on the side
surface of the bundle near the end.

In this case, the packaged bundle must be identified with a coloured permanent label showing
the information as provided at point 6.1.

For bars and billets for safety- related parts, the marking of the casting number, the type of steel
and the identification of the Supplier are required on 100% of the bars or billets. This is with the
exception of bars with transversal dimensions of less than 30 mm which will be painted individu­
ally on a head with the colour corresponding to the material.

All billets or bars must be marked with paint at the opposite end to the one marked with a punch.

The painted marking is opposite to the end face if the transversal dimensions are equal to or
greater than 30 mm.

Steels produced by continuous casting must be identified with a special marking.

3.2 Bar pieces

All pieces intended for safety related parts must be marked with an indication which serves to
ensure traceability in each phase of the production cycle.

The type of marking and the area must be agreed with the Design Bodies and the user Plants.

3.3 Wire rod rolls

Each roll must have a tag, or one must be inserted, into the holder.

4 IDENTIFICATION COLOUR

Unless otherwise specified, colours coded by the Supplier will be used.

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5 SPARK TEST

100 % of the billets, bars or rolls of wire rod must be subject to the spark test before shipping.

The spark test must be the last test to be carried out on a bundle, trimmed and packaged, for
billets and bars with transversal dimensions equal to or greater than 30 mm; for smaller bundles,
it is to be carried out immediately prior to bundling.

The spark test may be replaced by another method of identifying the chemical composition, but
it must be authorised in advance by IVECO.

6 PACKAGING

6.1 Steel in bar format

The bars must be delivered in bundles with each bundle containing material from the same pro­
duction batch.

The binding elements must be strong enough to withstand handling and transport operations of
the bundle and be sufficiently narrow to prevent the bars from shifting transversally.

The bundle must be packaged in such a way that the ends of the bars, marked with paint or with
a stamp, are aligned on the same plane.

The bundle must contain all bars all of which are of the length included in the specified toler­
ance; shorter bars specified in the order must be packaged in separate bundles.

Each bundle must be equipped with a strong label, secured to a binding element, clearly and
permanently showing the following:

- type of steel;

- Transversal dimensions;

- Length (only for multiple or fixed lengths);

- Number of the casting or batch, indicating the number of batches produced or the first and
last on the delivery remittance

- Supplier's name and Manufacturer's plant;

- Bundle weight.

The maximum weight of the bundles will be agreed upon with the user Plant.

6.2 Steel in pieces

The production batch must be identified on the containers by means of a permanent coloured
label with the following:

- drawing number;

- type of steel;

- dimensions;

- number of the casting or batch, indicating the number of batches produced or the first and
last on the delivery remittance;

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- Supplier's name and Manufacturer's plant;

- number of pieces per container.

The type of container, the weight limits and the packaging will be agreed upon with the user
Plant.

6.3 Steel in rolls

The rolls must be packaged with at least three equidistant binding elements, sufficiently tight­
ened to prevent slipping during handling and transport.
It is strictly prohibited to deliver rolls divided into two or more sections.
Each roll must have a label attached to the binding element showing the following information, in
a clear and permanent manner:

- type of steel;

- Transversal dimensions;

- number of the casting or batch, indicating the number of batches produced or the first and
last on the delivery remittance;

- Supplier's name and Manufacturer's plant;

- weight of the roll packs.

The direction of winding of the roll can be the subject of special agreements.

6.4 Protection against corrosion

Products which have been drawn, peeled, peeled iron and steel products and ground must be
protected against corrosion with oil and with an anti-rust product that can be removed with an
alkaline wash.
Special packaging cases will be subject to specific agreement.

6.5 Loading onto transport means

The means of transport must be loaded with the suitable spacers placed between the loading
platform and the bundles or coils and between the bundles and the coils, both transversally and
vertically, suitable for allowing sling ropes to be passed through.
The spacers must be arranged so that the billets or bars are not subject to deflection during
transport.
Each means of transport must not contain bundles or coils of a different type (composition) of
the same transversal dimension.

Any exceptions must be highlighted unequivocally on the accompanying transport document.

7 PRODUCT DEFINITION

The product is defined by a series of specific characteristics indicated on the individual material
standards.
However, these Specifications provide the characteristics of the product that are general valid
and are not related to the single type of steel.

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7.1 Steel processing procedure

The steel processing procedure (LD oxygen converter, electric furnace, etc.) is at the discretion
of the Manufacturer, subject to the order and must be notified upon request.

IVECO must be notified of and authorise any significant modification to the process.

All metallurgical technologies, including draining, are the responsibility of the Steel producer un­
less specified on the order.

For any particular requirements, carbon deoxidation of the steel can be requested.

7.2 Casting process

In the case of casting in ingots, the method of direct casting or source casting as well as the
mass of the ingot must be notified upon request.

The use of a continuous casting process is permitted within the limits established at the time of
the Supplier's evaluation (see point 2.1).

IVECO reserves the right to specify, for particular components, the casting process that the
Supplier is to use.

However, apart from specific exceptions or limitations established at the time of evaluation (see
point 2.1)or order, the continuous casting supply is conditioned upon the following:

a) the Supplier notifies IVECO of the dimensions of the cross-section of the billets obtained
with the continuous casting system;

b) the Supplier notifies IVECO at the time of the any type-approval and/or in the case of sub­
stantial modifications, of the general operating conditions of the continuous casting machine;

c) the Supplier ensures that the product is free of the defects listed below, determined by the
normal test methods (macro and ultra sounds, etc.):

D cracks;
D blowholes;

D central decohesion;

D subsurface defects.

d) The Supplier ensures IVECO that the reduction ratio of the casting section/laminated section
is at least 8/1 and the solidification structure, characterised by the globulitic and columnar
areas, shows no laminated macro attack.
In special cases IVECO may authorise reduction ratios lower than 8/1.

The Supplier ensures homogeneity of the product in the whole column manufactured using con­
tinuous casting.

7.3 Process for functional qualification

In the case of products intended for components subject to functional qualification, the introduc­
tion in production of modifications to the processing and affixing procedure of steel is subject to
possible requalification of the components by IVECO.

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8 SUPPLY CONDITIONS

Semi-finished products must be supplied for separate casting.

The shape, surface removal, heat treatment, dimensions and tolerances must be compliant with
Table I.

TABLE I

Dimensions
Product form Processing Surface status Thermal treatment and toler­
ances

As rolled (LMTC)
I.S. 15-4315
Rolled (RUL)
Peeled (PEL)
Precision polishing (TLP) [1]
Heat
Round bar Reground (RETT)
Rectified (RAD) I.S. 15-4310
Shot-blast(PAL)
Decapped (DEC)
Cold Drawn (TRF) - Natural (NAT)
- Annealed (RCT)
As rolled (LMTC - Isothermal Anneal­
Rectified (RAD) ing (RCT/ISOT)
Heat - Spherical Annealing I.S. 15-4333
Hex Decapped (DEC) (RCT/GLOB)
Bar
Shot-blast(PAL) - Black and white
isothermal anneal­
Cold Drawn (TRF) ing I.S. 15-4331
As rolled (LMTC) (RCT/BN)
- Normalised (NORM)
Rectified (RAD) - Reclaimed (BOM)
Heat UNI 6013
Square Decapped (DEC)
Shot-blast(PAL)
Cold Drawn (TRF) I.S. 15-4341
As rolled (LMTC)
Rectified (RAD)
Heat UNI 6014
Flat Decapped (DEC)
Shot-blast(PAL)
Cold Drawn (TRF) UNI 757
- Natural (NAT)
Flat Round
Wire rod Bar - Annealing of nuts
Ø 5 - 30 and bolts (RB)
Square
mm - Globular annealing
Hex
Heat As rolled (LMTC) (RG) -
Natural (NAT)
Billet Square
Annealed (RCT)
Sections Special Natural (NAT)

[1] Peeled iron product.

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9 PROPERTIES

9.1 General properties

The control methods, values or acceptance limits of the listed characteristics must comply
with the provisions set out in the Standards of the individual materials:
- chemical composition;

- pull, resilience;

- hardness;

- hardenability;

- structure;

- non-metallic inclusions;

- workability.

10 DEFECTS

10.1 Surface defects

Unless otherwise specified on the order, the extent of the permitted surface defects depends on
the surface condition of the semi-finished type, therefore:
- on the statuses
ground, peeled, peeled and rolled, precision polishing - defects are not permitted;

- statuses
laminated, rolled laminated, drawn - no cracks are permitted which could compromise use
(forging, extrusion, etc.).
In any case, the maximum depth permitted of any defects for billets is 1 % of the nominal
side with a maximum limit of 0.7 mm.
The removal of defects of a higher magnitude is permitted provided that it is carried out by
grinding and the removal depth does not exceed 2% of the nominal cross-sectional dimen­
sion. In any case the removal of defects must not compromise the requirements of use.
The removed area must be suitably connected and have a width equal to at least six times
the depth.
In the case of total grinding of the billet surface, the surface hardness must not create any
problems in subsequent operations and in particular in the cutting.
For bars and wire rods, the maximum depth permitted of any defects is 0.6 % of the nominal
diameter with a maximum limit of 0.5 mm.
Also in this case cracks that could compromise use are not permitted.

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10.2 Internal defects

Through the use of suitable techniques, the Manufacturer must ensure the absence of internal
defects which could compromise subsequent processing of the material.

The following defects in particular are not permitted: collecting zones, flakes, gas occlusion
(Bleeding-gassy), internal peripheral and / or core cracks, spray (Splash) and subsurface de­
fects.
The presence of just one of these defects will be cause for the entire casting to be contested.

10.3 Banding

To be checked according to IVECO STD. 15-0261.

Banding must not show any fields with the band ≥100 mm.

Tighter bands can be agreed upon in the order by referring to the grades indicated in IVECO
STD. 15-0261.

For particular construction steel, the structure can be specified on the material Standard.

10.4 Macro aspects

The macrographic aspect of the billets from ingots, according to IVECO STD. 15-0262, must not
exceed level 3 (C3, R3, S3 max).
In the case of billets obtained from continuous casting, the macrographic aspect must not ex­
ceed level K3, R3, S3.
The ghost lines must comply with the morphology specified by IVECO STD. 15-0262 and must
not exceed level G3.

The “ingot pattern” aspect identified on the macro attack is acceptable provided it is no associ­
ated with anomalous macro-inclusions of sulphides, silicates, aluminates.

Negative segregation and the white band identified on the macrographic attack, are tolerated if
they do not cause unevenness in the hardness values, detected on the sections in the hardened
and distended state; they must however not cause deviations from the analytical values and
specified mechanical characteristics.

10.5 Macro inclusions

Macro inclusions must not exceed level 2 of the standard Stahl Eisen Prufblatt 1584-70.

Macro inclusions must not compromise mechanical processing, the heat treatment or compon­
ent operation.

11 STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS

11.1 Deoxidation

Use of deoxidation elements other than those provided for in the analysis (Si, Al) must be autho­
rised by IVECO.

In any case, the Si must be no more than 0.40%, with indication of the casting with Si con­
tent> 0.35 %.

In the case of steel intended for cold plastic deformation, the maximum content of Si will be
specified in the order. The addition of Ca is permitted.
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11.2 Grain sizes

11.2.1 Austenitic grain

The size of the grain (according to standard ISO 643 or UNI 3245 method Mc QUAID EHN)
must be 5 - 8.
This grain size must be obtained exclusively with aluminium; in cementation and decontamina­
tion steels the total Al content must be between 0.020 and 0.050 %.
The use of other elements (Vanadio, Niobio) must be authorised by IVECO.

11.2.2 Ferritic grain

For rolled steels, intended for cold plastic deformation (drawing, extrusion, upsetting, molding,
etc.) used without subsequent heat treatment (with the exception of the stress relieving heat
treatment at ≈200 °C), the ferritic grain must be 7 or finer according to ISO 643 or UNI 3245
and the total Al content must be between 0.025 and 0.055% so as to exclude the risk of age­
ing.

11.3 Sulphur content

The S content in standard steel is understood as between 0.020 and 0.040 %.

For particular requirements, a steel with a content of S ≤0.015 % can be requested in the
order.
The count of the non-metallic inclusions must not take into account sulphides (JK type A).

11.3.1 Resulphurized steels

Resulphurization refers to an addition of sulphur to a previously desulphurized steel.

The following levels and types of resulphurization are permitted:

- normal resulphurization with S content of 0.040 - 0.060 % without specifications for the mor­
phology of the sulphides;

- strong resulphurization with S content of 0.060 - 0.090 % without specifications for the mor­
phology of the sulphides;

- normal globular resulphurization with S content between 0.040 - 0.060 %;

- strong globular resulphurization with S content between 0.060 - 0.090 %.

In the last two cases, during the micrograph test, at least 80% of the sulphides must comply
with a length/width ratio ≤6 evaluated on samples with a transversal dimension of 60 mm.

11.4 Lead steels

Unless otherwise specified in the material standards, the lead content is between 0.15 and
0.30%.
The lead must be evenly distributed. In the case of disputes (excluding automatic steels with
S-Pb), Pb liquations are assessed as follows:

a) step turning test with video examination;

b) analysis using a Wragge test of the indications of the video examination according to UNI
5683. Indications which are Pb liquations are not permitted.

The use of other lead-substituting elements that promote workability must be authorised by
IVECO.
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11.5 Structural statuses

11.5.1 Natural state

Steel in the hot laminated state with cooling suitable to obtain a contained hardness and a
structure such that any martensite content not tempered does not compromise the normal cut­
ting.

11.5.2 Cold shearing status

In the case of steel which is requested with cold shearing, in the shearing operation the struc­
ture must not cause cracks or tears which would compromise the integrity of the material in the
subsequent plastic deformation operation.
In any case, the following principles apply:

1) Maximum permitted surface hardening

D for transversal dimensions ≤75 mm HB 260

D for transversal dimensions 76 - 140 mm HB 240

2) Maximum transversal dimensions for cold shearing at the natural state

a) carbon steels:

D carbon content C ≤0.40 % 90 mm

D C content 0.41 - 0.50 % 75 mm

b) cementation steel:

D with manganese-chrome

with C content C ≤0.21 % 100 mm

D with chromium molybdenum

with content of Mn ≤0.90 %

Cr ≤1.20 %
Mo ≤0.25 % 100 mm

D with Nickel Chromium Molybdenum

with content of C ≤0.22 %

Cr ≤0.60 %
Mo ≤0.25 % 100 mm

3) Maximum transversal dimensions for cold shearing with heat treatment

D all types of steel 140 mm

11.5.3 Treated state

Reference is made to the specific Standards of the individual materials unless otherwise
specified.

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11.6 Surface decarburization

11.6.1 Statuses: laminate, laminate/rolled and drawn

When not specified on the standards of the individual materials, the following provisions apply:

- for billets, bars and wire rods, not from heat treatments, the maximum thickness of the de­
carburized layer (total plus partial) must not exceed 1% of the nominal cross-sectional di­
mension with a maximum of 1 mm.

- for wire rod with a diameter equal to or less than 24 mm and for heat treatment bars,
total decarburization is not permitted and the maximum thickness of the layer with partial
decarburization must not exceed 0.6% of the nominal diameter with a maximum of 0.6 %
mm.

11.6.2 Statuses: ground, peeled, peeled/rolled and drawn

Surface decarburization is not permitted.

12 END CHARACTERISTICS

The billets and bars must have a cut with a flat surface, orthogonal to the longitudinal axis; the
edge must have no burring, burrs exceeding 1 mm are not allowed.
The cutting and deburring operation must not induce structural changes (for example: harden­
ing).

Flame cutting processes are not permitted.

Bevelling, when required for rounds rods intended for mechanical processing, must be carried
out on one or both ends according to the specific order and have the following approximate
dimensions:

- 3 mm for Ø 22 - 35 mm;

- 4 mm for Ø 36 - 70 mm;

- 6 mm for Ø 71 - 100 mm.

13 STANDARD DIMENSIONS AND DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES

Dimensional tolerances on laminates must be complaint with the relative IVECO standard;
when not expressly specified, the following are valid:
- for billets: UNI 7063, normal deviation;
- for round bars: UNI 7620, grade A;

- for wire rods for nuts and bolts: UNI 7356.

With the exception of different specifications which may be indicated in the order on a case by
case basis.

Any other statuses requested must comply with the specific regulations that will be issued on a
case by case basis.

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STANDARDS QUOTED

IVECO STD.: 15-0201, 15-0203, 15-0261, 15-0262, 15-4310, 15-4315, 15-4331, 15-4333, 15-4341,
18-0016, 19-0201.

UNI: 757, 3245, 5683, 6013, 6014, 7063, 7356, 7620.

ISO: 643.

OTHER: Stahl Eisen Prufblatt 1584-70.

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