Showing posts with label Sailing Ships. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Sailing Ships. Show all posts

Friday, March 20, 2015

Napoleonic Ships - British

I saved the biggest and easily most powerful fleet of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars for last - the British, of course. These are the ships of the naval heroes of fiction - Horatio Hornblower, Jack Aubrey, Richard Bolitho and the like, as well as the real life heroes of the Royal Navy - Nelson, Cochrane, Cockburn, Pellew, Jervis and many others.


A pair of British brigs.


20 Gun Champion and the 16 gun Swift.


and a pair of British Frigates.


44 gun  Gladiator and the 38 gun Undaunted.


Posts as captains of Frigates were highly sought after, as they offered more opportunity for independent action... and especially, prize money!


A pair of British Ships of the line - the rather outmoded 64 gun Vigilant and the 74 gun Defiance,


British Admirals were said to be "of the Blue, of the White, or of the Red"; the colors of the pennons flown by the ships under their command were taken from these "squadron" designations. 

Three more British Ships of the Line. 

The 74 gun Terrible, the 74 gun Zealous, and the 74 gun Audacious.


Once a British naval officer attained the exalted rank of Post Captain, promotion to Admiral was strictly by seniority - merit played no role at all! If a Captain lived long enough, promotion to Admiral was virtually guaranteed.  This lead to quite a surplus of Admirals in the fleet. However, the choice of which Admirals to employ and when was entirely up to the Admiralty; thus incompetent (or highly unpopular) Admirals might languish ashore on half pay for years.


Three more British SOL; the lead ship is an immense triple decker. 


The 98 gun Formidable, the 74 gun Invincible, and the 74 gun Conqueror.


Top down view.


Promotion pathway for British Admirals during the Napoleonic Wars (from Wikipedia)



My entire Fleet of 12 British Warships.


Sailing in the column abreast, the fleet seems to be deployed according to "the Nelson Touch", prepared to break the line of the Frenchmen in the distance. 



Top down view of the whole Fleet. 


Finally, a shot of all four fleets, with some shoreline "terrain" pieces.
"Beat to Quarters!"



"Rule, Britannia!" from the last night of the Proms, 2009
I seriously want a costume like that :-)!

Wednesday, February 11, 2015

"Close Action" Age of Sail Naval rules at The Portal

    Andrew, Greg and I had a go at a first game  with these rules by Clash of Arms games (not to be confused with "Signal Close Action" by Rod Langton) a few months back at The Portal gaming center of The Time Machine hobby store in Manchester, CT. Technically, this is a boardgame (2 paper map sheets and cardboard ship counters are included), but it works at least as well as a miniatures game. On the surface, it is similar to the old "Wooden Ships and Iron Men" boardgame, and the related "Ship 'o the Line" Miniatures rules . 


Close Action rules, by Mark A. Campbell, and published by Clash of Arms Games. 


Andrew set up the CA introductory scenario, playing the British (4 frigates), while Greg and I had the French - 3 Frigates and a sloop. I don't have a lot of Frigates in my collection, so we had to borrow some Spanish Ships to augment my British Frigates, and some Dutch ships to augment my French ones. The goal of the scenario was for the French to escape from the British. Andrew mistakenly played for closing to action, while Greg and I shuffled off to, well somewhere far from the RN. All but one of our 4 ships would clearly make it away, losing only the smallest to the British pursuit. A good review of writing orders and sailing with no real shooting!


Greg had to leave, so Andrew and I re-used the same ship sheets/stats (like SotL, these are rather a pain to set up), and agreed to have at it so that we could learn the rules. I again took the French knowing that in a straight up fight victory would be all but impossible against a stronger, better force.  Here, the first of the "Jolly Tars" close upon my line. 


Continued maneuvering to effective range by the British Squadron. 


I kept my line as tight as possible, hoping to rake one of more of the British ships as they closed. 


I did fairly well with the opening shots, but the range was still too long for any decisive effect, especially with my inferior crews. 


The action becomes general!


Rakes, collisions, musketry from the marines in the tops - all sorts of action!  Boarding however, although allowed in the rules, is usually fairly futile. 


The tidy lines disintegrate, and the fight  becomes more a series of duels. 


After some earlier success, the heavier weight of the British broadsides, along with their superior crews began to tell.


As my ships lost rigging and hull sections, French morale began to nosedive... and with it, their combat performance!


A sandwich, perhaps Monsieur?


We made many msitakes alopng the way, as is to be expected playing a new rules set. 


The Collision rules, which are very important, were easily the most troublesome aspect to get down; this is typical for Age of Sail games, in my experience. 


Top down view of the later stages of the action


In CA, orders are written for each ships movement and crew tasks, and then the orders are carried out. The author suggest the rule are at their best when one player command a single ship, or failing that ships from diverse squadrons, to model the limited communication and coordination possible in fleet actions once the battle was underway. 


I'd disagree - first of all there are few settings where that many players can be assembled, and second, for any thing but veteran players, the chaos of writing orders, the effect of your enemy's orders, the varying capabilities of the different ships (all 74's are definitely NOT the same in these rules!), and the degradation caused by combat damage combine to make close coordination far more difficult than it might seem!


Approaching the "Far side of the World" (title of one of the excellent Patrick O'Brian Auibrey/Maturin novels of the RN ijn the Napoleonic Wars). 


Down to just two French ships vs all four British remaining, the rest of my ships strike and call it a day... Rule Britannia!


    We learned a lot from this game and enjoyed it enough that a follow up game was planned for the inaugural running of Portal Con in Manchester, CT for mid January. Unfortunately, that day saw an ice storm strike the state. I ventured a mile down the road from my home before deciding the roads were too unsafe and had to phone in a cancellation. Andrew ran the game himself using the mapboad and counters, which went OK, if not as visually satisfying as the 1:1200 models! Hopefully we will get to play again before too long!

    Based upon this certainly inadequate trial of the rules, they seem a quite good simulation of naval combat in the Age of sail. The rules are fairly complex, with a lot of detail and chrome. The combat mechanics are probably the simplest part of the entire game!  The set up time for the ship sheets is a significant negative; the large number of scenarios included in the rules (with two more expansions available - "Monsoon Seas" and "Rebel Seas"), on the other hand, is a big plus. 

    There is an independent commercial  product available to automate the generation and print out of ship sheets for these scenarios -The Naval Register. This costs $22 plus $3 shipping, and an extra $7 for each of the add ons - thus  $39 for the whole package. I'd say if you plan on playing these rules more than twice, the savings in time and the improved format of the ship shapes would seem to make this purchase a pretty obvious choice. A pdf of the manual for this product is available for review on line as well. 


"Hearts of Oak", the official March (?!) of the British Navy
(originally from an Opera written in the the 18th century - Capt Maturin in the O'Brian books complains that he detests the lyrics!)

Saturday, January 10, 2015

Napoleonic Sailing Ships - Dutch

Prior to the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, the Dutch navy had been a force to be reckoned with. The vast Dutch colonial and trade empire needed good ships and captains to protect their far flung possessions and its commercial shipping. Following the French Revolution, Dutch maritime fortunes declined, the Dutch Navy being famously captured by a regiment of French Hussars (the 8th) at Den Helder on the night of  January 23, 1795. The winter had been extremely cold, and the ships were literally frozen in place. The French suck across the ice and captured the ships while most of her crews were asleep... or so goes the standard version. It seems perhaps that the truth is more complicated, and the Dutch fleet reached an agreement with the French rather than actually being captured (Holland was in a state of civil war between the French backed Revolutionary faction and the Orangists supporting the Stadtholder [Dutch sovereign]).  Either way, the ships of the Dutch Republic - Batavian Republic - Kingdom of Holland make a nice force that can be deployed to aid the French or fight them on the tabletop.



A 20 gun Sloop. the Belgica, and a 36 gun Frigate, Utrecht


Another view of the sloop and frigate; I painted the strakes of the Dutch ships a bright red color, shading towards orange, as opposed to the dark red I used on the Spanish ships seen previously. 


Next is a trio of 74 gun Dutch "3rd rate" ships of the line. 


Dutch ships had relatively shallow drafts to allow them to navigate the relatively shallow waters of the Dutch coast and the associated estuaries.


These three 74-gun Ships of the Line are the Dordrecht, the Alexander, and the Washington.


A view of all 5 ships of the Dutch squadron.


Another view of the five Dutch ships in my collection. It looks like we'll get to try out the Close Action rules tomorrow!

Wednesday, December 17, 2014

Napoleonic Sailing Ships - The Spanish

Another, smaller fleet from my collection of 1:1200 Napoleonic warships is the Spanish. At the start of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, Spain had the third largest fleet, after those of Great Britain and France. At various times, the Spanish were both allied or enemies of both of the two main protagonists, making their ships versatile from a Wargames perspective.


The 36 gun Frigate Santa Cecelia and an old, undersized 64 gun Ship of the Line, the San Juan.


Close up picture of the Santa Cecelia and the  San Juan


This  top down view gives a better idea of how the decks and Ratlines look. 


The next pair ate the 74 gun 3rd Rates San Leandro and San Antonio. As a wargames convention, I have chosen to give my Spanish ships dark red sides. There were indeed Spanish ships painted in that scheme, but certainly not the majority. it suits my purposes for ready identification, though - although the colorful Spanish pennants and flags probably do that even better!


This picture shows the reef lines on the sails well. 


The ships' bases are 1.5 inches wide by 3 inches long. 


Last are two heavy hitters - the 80 gun San Rafael, and the enormous 112 gun Real Carlos. The Spanuish fleet at the time of the battle of Trafalgar (1805) included the world's largest warship, the gun Santissima Trinidad. It was originally laid down as a 112 gun ship, but was later modified to carry a staggering 140 guns!


Larger image of these two imposing Spanish warships. 


The San Rafael and Real Carlos again. There is something impressive about these tall ships, even in miniature. I have been on several square rigged ships under sail, and they are very impressive from on deck as well... and also very finicky to handle. Tacking across the wind (Jibe) takes a fairly large and experienced crew,. as well as a seasoned captain to avoid the ship being caught "in irons" and failing to make the transition to the opposite tack!


The entire Spanish squadron of 6 ships.  Patrick O'Brian's tongue in cheek Spanish Frigate, the Cacafuego, is oddly missing!  :-)  A great series by the way, if not quite as action packed as the C.S. Forester Hornblower novels. 


They are a most suitable ally (or foe) to the French ships posted last month!


A modern depiction of the enormous  Santisima Trinidad at anchor.