整理自：学长小谭
2021 考研真题单词（英语一）
说明：1. (pl.)代表复数形式；
2. 考研词汇的意思大部分比较抽象，建议结合短语例句理解记忆。
完形填空
accumulation n One study found that muscle loss and
the accumulation of body fat around
the abdomen are associated with a
abdomen n decline in fluid intelligence.
This suggests the possibility that
prevent vt lifestyle factors might help prevent or
delay this type of decline.
For women，the association may be
attributable to changes in immunity
immunity n that resulted from excess abdominal
fat; in men，the immune system did
not appear to be involved.
Meanwhile there are steps you can
take to help reduce abdominal fat and
mass n maintain lean muscle mass as you age
in order to protect both your physical
and mental well-being.
aerobic adj The two highly recommended lifestyle
approaches are maintaining or
increasing your level of aerobic
fiber n exercise and following Mediterranean-
style diet that is high in fiber Band
eliminate vt eliminates highly processed foods.
阅读理解 Text 1
justify vt
How can the train operators possibly
rail n justify yet another increase to rail
passenger fares?
fare n
grimly adv
It has become a grimly reliable annual
ritual.
ritual n
This year's rise, an average of 2.7 per
fraction n
cent, may be a fraction lower than last
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year's, but it is still well above the
inflation n official Consumer Price Index (CPI)
measure of inflation.
This was their fourth successive win.
successive adj
（来自网易有道词典）
pensioner n
Why，the argument goes，should a
subsidize car-driving pensioner from Lincolnshire
vt
/subsidise have to subsidise the daily commute of
a stockbroker from Surrey?
stockbroker n
endure vt
endure the relatively poor infrastructure
infrastructure n
strike n The responsibility for the latest wave of
strikes rests on the unions.
union n
It is all very well train operators
trumpet vt trumpeting the improvements they are
making to the network.
However, there is a strong case that
compensation n those who have been worst affected by
industrial action should receive
disruption compensation for the disruption they
have suffered.
indefinitely adv More investment is needed, but
passengers will not be willing to pay
more indefinitely if they must also
cramped adj endure cramped, unreliable services..
punctuate vt
chaos n …, punctuated by regular chaos when
timetables are changed, or planned
maintenance n maintenance is managed incompetently.
incompetently adv
阅读理解 Text 2
mark vt Last year marked the third year in a row
of when Indonesia’s bleak rate of
bleak adj deforestation has slowed in pace.
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deforestation n
One reason for the turnaround may be
turnaround n the country’s antipoverty program.
regular adj get regular medical care
conditional adj Called conditional cash transfers or
CCTs，these social assistance programs
assistance n
are designed to reduce inequality and
break the cycle of poverty.
inequality n
The program has provided enough food
substantially adv and medicine to substantially reduce
severe growth problems among
severe adj children.
poverty n In fact, poverty alleviation and
environmental protection are often
alleviation n viewed as conflicting goals, says Paul
Ferraro, an economist at Johns Hopkins
conflicting adj University.
correlate vi That’s because economic growth can be
correlated with environment
degradation n degradation.
causality n prove causality
negatively adv Such programs do not have to
negatively affect the environment,
though adv though.
tropical adj tropical forest
makeshift adj That’s likely because the rural poor are
using the money as makeshift insurance
inclement adj policies against inclement weather.
commonality n due to commonality
emission n carbon dioxide emissions
阅读理解 Text 3
preoccupied adj become preoccupied with doing
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shatter vt shatter the image of 19th-century
prudery
prudery n
stir n cause quite a stir
concede vt I need to concede that…
portraiture n photographic portraiture
miserably adv
…, the majority of which show sitters
posing miserably and stiffly in front of
stiffly adv painted backdrops, or absently into the
middle distance.
absently adv
exposure n During the 1840s and 1850s, in the
early days of photography, exposure
notoriously adv times were notoriously long.
blurred adj blurred image
limb n adjust their limbs
grin n The thought of holding a fixed grin as
the camera performed its magical duties
contemplate vt was too much to contemplate, and so a
non-committal blank stare became the
non-committal adj norm.
portable adj portable cameras
instantaneous adj instantaneous communication
Spontaneous smiles
spontaneous adj Spontaneously adv.
One explanation might be the loss of
dignity n dignity displayed through a cheesy
grin(做作的露齿笑)
conceal vt “Nature gave us lips to conceal our
teeth,” ran one popular Victorian
maxim n maxim.
shocking adj Before the birth of proper dentistry,
mouths were often in a shocking state of
hygiene n hygiene.
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dentistry n
Pearl n. 珍珠
pearly adj Pear n.梨
toothy adj teeth - tooth - toothly
n.
gnashers Gnash vi. 咬牙切齿 vt. 咬
pl
drunk n drink - drank - drunk
tramp n Tramp v. 重步行走 n.沉重的脚步声→
gum n Gum n. 口香糖→
hearty adj Hearty smile 发自内心的笑容→
breed vt A proper bred person
portrait n 整理自：学长小谭
阅读理解 Text 4
Broad adj.宽广的
broadband n Band n.带子
advocate n From the early days of broadband，
advocates for consumers and web-based
cable n companies worried that the cable and
phone companies selling broadband
incentive n connections had the power and
incentive to favor affiliated websites
affiliated adj over their rivals'. (竞争对手)
pushback n 推回去→
conservative n Conserve v. 保护，保守
resolution n But instead of providing a badly needed
resolution, it only prolonged the fight.
prolong vt
Com(共同)+miss(送，派)→把人派送
commission n 到一起，组成 +ion(名词词根)
Mission n. 使命
Con(强调)+glom(global，球→联合)
conglomerate n
+erate
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cap n Cap n. 帽子→
unanimously adv
On Tuesday, the appeals court
uphold vt unanimously upheld the 2017 order
deregulating broadband providers.
deregulate vt
concurring adj But Judge Patricia Millett rightly argued
in a concurring opinion that “the result
unhinge vi is unhinged from the realities of modern
broadband service,” and said Congress
intervene vi or the Supreme Court could intervene
to“ avoid trapping Internet regulation in
anachronism n technological anachronism.”
In the meantime, the court threw out the
block vt FCC’s attempt to block all state rules on
net neutrality, while preserving the
preempt vt
commission’s power to preempt
individual state laws that undermine its
undermine vt
order.
enact vt Enact laws
abdicate v. 退位
abdication n ab(离开)+dic(宣布)+ate(动词后缀)
meddle vi meddle in
新题型
typically adv In the movies and on television,
artificial intelligence is typically
sinister adj depicted as something sinister that will
upend our way of life.
upend vt
impending adj impending errors
algorithm n the master algorithm
bias n It uses analytics to help identify where
there may be bias in the hiring process.
analytics n
…claims that their software can
outperform vt outperform humans by up to 10 percent
when it comes to email open rates. This
revenue n can means millions more in revenue.
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The annual premium can be a little
premium n steep, but will be well worth it if your
dog is injured. (来自网易有道词典)
inspect vt in(进入)+spect(看)
audit n 整理自：学长小谭
versus prep It is France versus Brazil in the final.
promising adj promise n.许诺 vt. 许诺
翻译
watershed n water(水)+shed(分开)
enrollment n enroll v. 登记
roughly adv Rough adj. 粗糙的
These demands resulted in a very rapid
expansion n expansion of the systems of higher
education, beginning in the 1960s and
developing very rapidly (though
unevenly adv
unevenly) during the 1970s and 1980s.
The same alarm is manifest everywhere.
manifest vt (来自网易有道词典)
The head is out of proportion with the
proportion n body.
(来自网易有道词典)
Each of these manifestations of growth
peculiar adj carried its own peculiar problems in its
wake.
socialization n social - socialism(n.) - socialized(v.) …
predominantly adv predominant(adj) - predominate(v)
marked adj mark (n. 符号) - markable (adj. 卓越的)
empowerment n em(使)+power(权力)+ment(名词词根)
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