整理自：学长小谭
2017 考研真题单词（英语一）
说明：1. (pl.)代表复数形式；
2. 考研词汇的意思大部分比较抽象，建议结合短语例句理解记忆。
完形填空
The answer may be a resounding
resounding adj 响亮的；嘹亮的
“yes”.
Believe it or not, a warm embrace
embrace n 抱；拥抱 might even help you avoid getting sick
this winter.
… examined the effort of perceived
perceive vt 感觉，感知
social support and the receipt of hugs
on the participants’ susceptibility to
receipt n 接收；收到
developing the common cold after
susceptibility n 敏感性 being exposed to virus.
…对“感知社会支持和收到拥抱”对
参与者接触病毒后感冒易感性的影
common cold 感冒，伤风
响进行了研究。
marker n 标志；标识 Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and
helps generate the feeling that others
are there to help in the face of
intimacy n 亲密；关系密切
difficulty.”
oxytocin n 催产素 the release of oxytocin
人与人之间的关 bond n.结合；纽带
bonding n
系 人们之间的纽带→关系
attach v.系上→认为…具有→人系到
attachment n 依恋；爱慕 另一个人→依恋
attach+ment n.
阅读理解 Text1
（飞机等的）坠 拟声词，模仿碰撞的声音
crash n
毁 类似的还有：crack, clash
But demanding too much of air
暗中破坏， travelers or providing too little
undermine vt
逐渐损坏 security in return undermines public
support for the process.
drag n 绊脚石，累赘 Wasted time is a drag on Americans’
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economic and private lives, not to
infuriating adj 使人极为生气的
mention infuriating.
秘密工作的，暗 under(下面)+cover(理解为工作)→
undercover adj
中做的 地下工作→adj.秘密工作的
sneak 和 snake（n.蛇）长得很像
sneak vt 偷带，偷拿
像蛇一样悄悄地走→偷拿
Part of the issue is that the
steep adj 突然的，急剧的 government did not anticipate the
steep increase in airline travel.
screen n.屏幕
screener n 安检员 安检员一般都是在屏幕后面看安检
内容→screener n.安检员
The airlines strongly dispute this.
dispute vt 对……存疑
航空公司均强烈抵制这一做法。
There is one step the TSA could take
that would not require remodeling
remodel vt 改变……的结构
airports or rushing to hire: Enroll
more people in the PreCheck
program.
TSA 可以采取一项措施,而无需改
enroll vt 使加入 造机场或急聘员工：将更多人纳入
预检计划。预检本该是对旅客和
TSA 都有
有资格的，合格
eligible adj Passengers who pass a background
的
check are eligible to use expedited
expedited adj 加快的，快速的 screening lanes.
finance n.财政，金融；资金；
finance vt 提供资金
v.提供资金
The TSA cannot continue diverting
divert vt 改变用途
resources into underused PreCheck
lanes while most of the traveling
underused adj 未充分利用的 public suffers in unnecessary lines.
阅读理解 Text2
Juan Carlos fired back with a rare
public defense of his reign in a recent
speech.
reign vt 统治，当政
胡安·卡洛斯在最近的一次演讲中
对自己的统治进行了罕见的公开辩
护。(来自网易有道词典)
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Star watchers were among the most
esteem vt 尊重；敬重 esteemed members of Hawaiian
society.
observe v.观察
observatory n 天文台，气象台 天文台是观察天空的机构
去 e 加 atory→observatory
What is beyond the cosmos?
cosmos n 宇宙 宇宙之外是什么？(来自网易有道
词典)
At issue is the TMT's planned
worship vt 崇敬，崇拜 location on Mauna Kea，a dormant
volcano worshiped by some
dormant adj 休眠的 Hawaiians as the piko, that connects
the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.
unsurpassed adj 无比的，卓绝的 整理自：学长小谭
大声表达的，直
vocal adj
言不讳的
A small but vocal group of
引起回忆的事
Hawaiians and environmentalists
reminder n 物，提醒人的事
have long viewed their presence as
物
disrespect for sacred land and a
occupation n 侵占，占领 painful reminder of the occupation of
what was once a sovereign nation.
有主权的，完全
sovereign adj
独立的
blame n 责任；责怪
Some blame for the current
controversy belongs to astronomers.
controversy n 争议
eagerness n 渴望 eager v.渴望
prioritize vt 优先考虑
They did not always prioritize the
protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile
fragile adj 脆弱的
ecosystems or its holiness to the
islands’ inhabitants.
inhabitant n 居民
relic n 遗迹，遗风
Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the
undergo vt 经历，经受 past; it is a living culture undergoing
a renaissance today.
renaissance n 复兴
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Dawn n.拂晓，黎明→开端 v.变得
dawn n 开端
明朗，开始
assemble v.组装
disassemble vt 拆卸，拆开
dis(不)+assemble → 拆卸
starry adj 布满星星的 Perhaps that is why we explore the
starry skies，as if answering a
primal calling to know ourselves and
primal adj 原始的，最初的 our true ancestral homes.
The astronomy community is making
compromise n 妥协，折中 compromises to change its use of
Mauna Kea.
The TMT site was chosen to
visibility n 可见性，明显性 minimize the telescope’s visibility
around the island and to avoid
archaeological adj 考古（学）的 archaeological and environmental
impact.
欣然接受，乐意 There is no reason why everyone
embrace vt
利用 cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea
to embrace their cultural heritage and
heritage n 遗产 to study the stars.
阅读理解 Text3
A recent annual study of countries
and their ability to convert growth
convert vt 使转换，使转化
into well-being sheds some light on
that question.
Rather than just focusing on GDP,
criteria n 标准
over 40 different sets of criteria from
engagement n 密切关系 health, education and civil society
engagement have been measured to
get a more rounded assessment of
rounded adj 完善的，全面的
how countries are performing.
consistent adj 一致的 While all of these countries face their
own challenges, there are a number
theme n 主题，基调 of consistent themes.
budding adj 开始发展的 There has been a budding economic
recovery since the 2008 global crash,
crash n 失败，破产 but in key indicators in areas such as
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health and education, major
indicator n 指示物，指示者
economies have continued to decline.
sole adj 唯一的 sole n.灵魂 →灵魂是唯一的
Does this spell the doom of the
physical book?
doom n 厄运，劫数
这是否意味着实体书的末日？(来
自网易有道词典)
阅读理解 Text4
unanimous adj 一致通过的 In a rare unanimous ruling，the US
Supreme Court has overturned the
corruption n 贪污，腐败 corruption conviction of a former
Virginia governor，Robert
conviction n 定罪，判罪 McDonnell.
auto(自己的)+mobile(移动的)
automobile n 汽车
自己的移动工具→汽车
adj/
official 公务的；官员 office n.办公室
n
The court did suggest that accepting
favor n 礼物
favors in return for opening doors is
“distasteful” and “nasty.”
distasteful adj 令人生厌的
最高法院的确表示，收受他人为答
谢“开后门”而送的礼物是“令人不
nasty adj 卑鄙龌龊的
齿的”和“卑鄙龌龊的”。
I had no concrete evidence.
concrete adj 具体的 我当时没有明确而具体的证据。
（来自网易有道词典）
相当大的，客观
sizable adj size n.尺寸
的
Elected leaders must be allowed to
bureaucratic adj 政府的，官员的
help supporters deal with
bureaucratic problems without fear
prosecution n 起诉，诉讼
of prosecution for bribery.
The basic compact underlying
compact n 契约，协定 representative government,” wrote
Chief Justice John Roberts for the
court，“assumes that public officials
constituent n 选民，选举人 will hear from their constituents and
act on their concerns.”
reinforce vt 加强，强化 But the ruling reinforces the need for
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citizens and their elected
representatives, not the courts, to
ensure vt 确保，保证
ensure equality of access to
government.
This type of integrity requires well-
integrity n 耿直 enforced laws in government
transparency, such as records of
official meetings，rules on
lobbying，and information about
transparency n 透明度 each elected leader's source of
wealth.
这类形式的廉正需要在公务接见记
录、游说活动规定以及每位民选领
lobbying n 游说活动
袖财富来源信息等政务管理透明化
方面具备实施得力的法律。
fan vt 煽起，激起 Favoritism in official access can fan
public perceptions of corruption.
perception n 知觉，感知
Pre(在前)+mise(提出)
premise n 前提
在之前提出→前提
新题型
From then on his sketches ,which
chronicle n 纪事，编年史 appeared under the pen name “Boz”
in The Evening Chronicle，earned
him a modest reputation.
不太多的，适度 自那之后,他(狄更斯)的那些以“博
modest adj 兹”为笔名、发表在《记事晚报》
的
上的随笔,为他赢得了一定声誉。
Secure adj.稳固的→对自己有信心
secure vt 保证 →感到有保障的→固定住的
v. 使安全→保证
There were Pickwick coats and
Pickwick cigars，and the plump,
plump adj 胖乎乎的
spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick，
became a national figure.
匹克威克大衣、匹克威克雪茄相继
问世,而那个胖乎乎的、戴着眼镜
spectacled adj 戴眼镜的
的男主人公,塞缪尔·匹克威克,已成
为一个全国性人物。
（分期连载的） Soon after Sketches by Boz
installment n
部分 appeared , a publishing firm
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approached Dickens to write a story
backdrop n 背景幕；背景 in monthly installments , as a
backdrop for a series of woodcuts by
the then-famous artist Robert
woodcut n 木刻，木版画 Seymour, who had originated the
idea for the story.
Shute's prose is stark and chillingly
unsentimental.
prose n 散文，白话文
舒特的散文刻板而冷峻。（来自网
易有道词典）
posthumous adj 死后发生的 The comic novel，The Posthumous
Papers of the Pickwick Club（《匹克
威克俱乐部遗稿》），appeared
serially adv 连载地 serially in 1836 and 1837 and was
first published in book form in 1837.
moralist n 道德家，卫道士
satirist n 讽刺作家 A moralist, satirist, and social
reformer，Dickens crafted complex
craft vt 制定，精制 plots and striking characters that
capture the panorama of English
striking adj 吸引人的 society.
panorama n 全貌，全景图
short(短的，缩写的)+hand(手，书
shorthand n 速记（法）
写)
（逐字逐句）记 At the same time，Dickens, who had
transcribe vt
录 a reporter's eye for transcribing the
odd adj 古怪的 life around him，especially anything
comic or odd, submitted short
obscure adj 无名的 sketches to obscure magazines.
paternal adj 父亲一方的 His paternal grandparents, a steward
and a housekeeper possessed even
steward n 男管家 less status, having been servants, and
Dickens later concealed their
housekeeper n 女管家 background.
The humiliations of his father's
imprisonment and his labor in the
humiliation n 耻辱，屈辱 blacking factory
父亲入狱和他在黑鞋油厂党劳工所
带来的耻辱
He could not confide them even to
confide vt 吐露（秘密等）
his wife，…
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plunge vi 开始从事 After Pickwick, Dickens plunged
bleaker adj 阴郁的，凄凉的 into a bleaker world.
solid adj. 坚硬的，固体的，坚实
consolidate vt 巩固，加强
的
翻译
Federalism is intended to diminish
the power of the central state.
diminish vt 减少
联邦制度旨在削弱中央政府的权
力。(来自网易有道词典)
the breadth of English usage
breadth n 广泛性
英语的广泛使用
David Graddol concludes that
monoglot adj 使用单一语言的
monoglot English graduates face a
bleak economic future as qualified
bleak adj 暗淡的
multilingual youngsters from other
countries are proving to have a
multilingual adj 使用多种语言的
competitive advantage over their
British counterparts in global
counterpart n 对应的人或物
companies and organisations.
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