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2016 考研真题单词（英语一）
说明：1. (pl.)代表复数形式；
2. 考研词汇的意思大部分比较抽象，建议结合短语例句理解记忆。
完形填空
spouse n 配偶
In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is
a complex one for the young male.
complex adj 复杂的
match(匹配，配偶)+maker(产生，制
matchmaker n 媒人
造)→媒人
A young man can choose a likely
spouse on his own and then ask his
negotiation n 谈判，协商
parents to arrange the marriage
negotiations.
sermon n 讲道，布道 Buddhist priests offer a short sermon
and recite prayers of blessing.
prayer n 祷告，祈祷 半。
佛教僧侣会进行简短的布道并吟诵祝祷
blessing n 祝福，赐福 词。
He took a needle and thread and sewed
it up.
thread n 线，细线
他取来一根针和线并把它缝起来。(来自
网易有道词典)
What I need is to soak in a hot tub.
soak vt 浸泡，浸湿 我需要的是在浴盆里泡个热水澡。(来自
网易有道词典)
Each spouse retains whatever property
retain vt 保留，保有 he or she brought into the marriage，
and jointly-acquired
阅读理解 Text1
初步的，预备 Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval
preliminary adj
的 last week to a law that would make it a
极，超过某限 crime to employ ultra-thin models on
ultra- pref
度 runways.
incite vt 煽动，鼓动 The parliament also agreed to ban websites
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过度的，极度 that “incite excessive thinness” by
excessive adj
的 promoting extreme dieting.
Such measures have a couple of uplifting
uplifting adj 进行提升的
motives.
They suggest beauty should not be defined
impinge vi 侵害，侵犯
by looks that end up impinging on health.
enforce vt 实施，执行 The bans，if fully enforced，would suggest
to women (and many men) that they should
裁决人，仲裁
arbiter n not let others be arbiters of their beauty.
者
hint vt 暗示，示意 And perhaps faintly, they hint that people
should look to intangible qualities like
character and intellect rather than dieting
intangible adj 无形的
their way to size zero or wasp-waist
physiques.
quality n 素质，品德
且它们还可能会微弱地暗示,人们应该关注性
格、才智等无形的品质,而不是一味节食至零码
physique n 体格，体型 或蜂腰体型。
固有的，内在 The fashion industry knows it has an
inherent adj
的 inherent problem in focusing on material
adornment n 装饰 adornment and idealized body types.
In contrast to France's actions, Denmark's
fashion industry agreed last month on rules
sanction n 制裁，处罚
and sanctions regarding the age, health,
and other characteristics of models.
But in general it relies on a name-and-
shame method of compliance.
compliance n 服从，遵从
但总体上它依靠的是“公开点名批评”的遵从办
法。
persuasion n 说服 Relying on ethical persuasion rather than
law to address the misuse of body ideals
misuse n 误用 may be the best step.
阅读理解 Text2
The final result of the poll will be known
tomorrow.
poll n 民意调查
投票结果将于明天公布。(来自网易有道
词典)
（与……）相
alongside prep Along(沿着)+side(边)→在旁边→相比
比
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launch vt 发起 整理自：学长小谭
It was specifically to provide city dwellers
dweller n 居民 with spaces for leisure where they could
experience “a refreshing air.”
concrete n 混凝土
They don’t make countryside any more, and
every year concrete consumes more of it.
consume vt 消耗
guardianship n 监护，保护 It needs constant guardianship.
endorse vt 赞同，支持
At the next election none of the big parties
seem likely to endorse this sentiment.
sentiment n 观点，看法
likewise adv 同样地 Labour likewise wants to discontinue local
planning where councils oppose
discontinue vt 中止，停止 development.
plead vt 请求 please int.请 →plead v.请求
The sensible place to build new houses,
factories and offices is where people are，
infrastructure n 基础设施
in cities and towns where infrastructure is in
place.
The idea that “housing crisis” equals
meadow n 草地
“concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk.
“住房危机”等于“将草地浇筑混凝土”的
lobby n 游说团体
理念纯粹是游说团体的说辞。
renovation n 翻新 Under lobby pressure ， George Osborne
favours rural new-build against urban
renewal n 复兴 renovation and renewal.
biased adj 有偏见的 This is not a free market but a biased one.
retain vt 保持
Half a century of town and country
planning has enabled it to retain an enviable
enviable adj 令人羡慕的
rural coherence, while still permitting low-
density urban living.
coherence n 一致，协调
There is no doubt of the alternative—the
corrupted adj 被破坏的 corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal，
Spain or Ireland,
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阅读理解 Text3
Pre(在前)+mise(提出)
premise n 前提
在之前提出→前提
monetary adj 货币的，金融的
New research suggests that CSR may
prosecute vi 起诉，告发 create monetary value for companies - at
least when they are prosecuted for
corruption n 贪污，腐败，受贿 corruption.
And third, through a more diffuse
diffuse adj 发散的，分散的 “halo effect” whereby its good deeds
earn it greater consideration from
whereby adv 凭借，通过 consumers and others.
第三,通过更加扩散的“光环效应”,借
consideration n 尊敬，尊重 此企业善行会为其赢得来自消费者
及他人的更大体谅。
Previous studies on CSR have had
previous adj 以前的
trouble differentiating these effects
because consumers can be affected by
differentiate vt 辨别，区别
all three.
He was jailed on charges of bribery.
bribery n （指行为）贿赂 他因贿赂指控被监禁。(来自网易有
道词典)
The study found that ， among
lenient adj 宽大的，仁慈的
prosecuted firms, those with the most
comprehensive CSR programmes
penalty n 惩罚，处罚
tended to get more lenient penalties.
eliminate vt 排除，消除 We estimate that either eliminating a
substantial labour-rights concern, such
substantial adj 重大的，可观的 as child labour.
阅读理解 Text4
cease vt 终止、停止 There will eventually come a day when
The New York Times ceases to publish
newsprint n 新闻纸 stories on newsprint.
Nostalgia for ink on paper and the
nostalgia n 怀旧之情
rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of
incentive to ditch print.
incentive n 激励、刺激
撇开对纸上油墨香和纸页沙沙声的
怀旧之情不谈,有充足理由舍弃纸质
ditch vt 丢弃
版。
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Readers are migrating away from
migrate vt 迁移
print anyway.
（因自身巨大而）
dwarf v 使……显得矮小， And though print ad sales still dwarf
使相形见绌 their online and mobile counterparts,
revenue from print is still declining.
revenue n 收入
“Figuring out a way to accelerate that
accelerate vt 使……加快 transition would make sense for
them,” he said，“but if you
transition n 转变；变革 discontinue it，you're going to have
your most loyal customers really
upset with you.”
discontinue vt 停止，使中止 “对他们来说,琢磨出加速转型的办
法才有意义”,他说,“而如果终止纸版
loyal adj 忠诚的 业务,将令最忠实的顾客极其失
望。”
“I would raise prices and make it into
more of a legacy product.”
legacy n 遗产、遗赠
“我会提价并将其打造为一种更具传
承意义的产品。”
“So if you're overpaying for print，you
could feel like you were helping,”
essentially adv 本质上 Peretti said. “Then increase it at a
higher rate each year and essentially
try to generate additional revenue.”
”In other words，if you're going to
make a print product，make it for the
obsess vt 使着迷
people who are already obsessed with
it.
"It's a really hard thing to do and it's a
tremendous adj 巨大的，惊人的
tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed
doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti
luxury n 享受，奢侈
remarked.
In those situations, it's better to be
aggressive adj 有冲劲的
more aggressive than less aggressive.
新题型
It's the end of an era.
era n 时代，年代 这是一个时代的终结。(来自网易有
道词典)
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norm n 行为准则，规范
Norms have evolved and fragmented.
规范已经发生演变和细化。
fragment vt （使）破裂
sneak vt.偷偷地做 vi.溜
sneaker n 运动鞋
→穿着运动鞋可以悄无声息
Plus，whatever image we present is
magnified by social-media services
like LinkedIn.
magnify vt 放大，扩大
另外,不管我们呈现出何种形象,都
会被诸如领英(LinkedIn)之类的社交
媒体服务放大。
millennial n 千禧一代 Millennials, it seems，face the paradox
of being the least formal generation yet
paradox n 自相矛盾
the most conscious of style and
conscious adj 特别感兴趣的 personal branding.
navigate vt 找到正确方法 So how do we navigate this?
How do we know when to invest in an
upgrade n 提高，提升
upgrade?
Are you looking to refresh your image
or pivot it?
pivot vt 以……为中心旋转
你是希望重塑新形象还是突出旧形
象?
perceive vt 把……看作，认识 For another, it may be to be perceived
as more approachable, or more modern
approachable adj 和蔼可亲的 and stylish.
Enlist the support of professionals and
enlist vt 争取，谋取 share with them your goals and
context.
The point of a style upgrade isn't to
become more vain or to spend more
vain adj 自负的，虚荣的 time fussing over what to wear.
形象提升并非旨在变得更加虚荣,也
非花更多时间为穿着费神,
Instead ，use it as an opportunity to
reduce decision fatigue.
fatigue n 疲劳
而是旨在以此为契机,减轻“决策疲
劳”。
翻译
birthright n 与生俱来的权利 Mental health is our birthright.
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heal vt 长好，愈合 It is built into us in the same way that
our bodies know how to heal a cut or
mend vt 愈合 mend a broken bone.
重新唤起；再次引 Mental health can't be learned，only
reawaken vt
发 reawakened.
It allows us to have perspective on our
lives.
perspective n 客观判断力
它（心理健康）让我们对生活拥有客
观判断力。
It's a form of innate or unlearned
innate adj 天生的
optimism.
Mental health allows us to view others
sympathy n 同情，同情心 with sympathy if they are having
troubles.
Resolve conflict
resolve vt 解决（问题）
化解冲突
mundane adj 平凡的；乏味的 It has been available even in the most
mundane of life situations to show you
foe n 敌人 right from wrong，good from bad，
friend from foe.
Mental health has commonly been
conscience n 良心，良知 called conscience, instinct，wisdom，
common sense，or the inner voice.
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