Laurel Aitken • Woppi King

 

 

Artist Biography by Steve Huey

Known as "the Godfather of Ska," Laurel Aitken was Jamaica's first real recording star. He was a pioneer in many other respects as well: he was one of the first artists ever to release a ska record, the first to work at promoting his music in the U.K., and one of the first to record for the seminal Island label, itself a major force in the international popularity of Jamaican music. Cutting his teeth on the sort of jump blues and boogie shuffles popular during the early days of American R&B, Aitken recorded numerous hits for a variety of labels over the years, enjoying his heyday during the '60s. His continued presence in the U.K. made him an elder statesman to the Two Tone ska revival movement of the punk era, and he continued to tour even into the new millennium.

Aitken was born in Cuba on April 22, 1927, and moved to his father's homeland of Jamaica in 1938. At age 15, he won a prominent talent competition with his rendition of "Pennies From Heaven"; around the same time, he also sang as part of a calypso group that performed for tourists arriving on the island from cruise ships. Aitken developed his singing and songwriting chops on a wide variety of material: jump blues (especially those of Louis Jordan and the young Nat King Cole), New Orleans R&B, calypso, and the indigenous Jamaican folk style mento. He became a popular nightclub performer around Kingston, and officially joined the nascent Jamaican recording industry in 1957, when he recorded (and produced) the R&B/calypso spiritual "Roll Jordan Roll." The following year, he began recording for producer Chris Blackwell's fledgling Island label; his double-A-sided "Little Sheila"/"Boogie in My Bones" was the first single ever released on Island, as well as one of the earliest ska records. It was also a massive hit in Jamaica, topping the charts for nearly three months, and went on to become the first Jamaican record ever issued in the U.K.

Aitken scored another hit with 1959's gospel-informed "Judgement Day," an early production by the legendary Duke Reid, and repeated his success with 1960's "Boogie Rock." In the meantime, he recorded for several prominent producers, including Reid, Leslie Kong, and Ken Khouri. In 1960, spurred by the popularity of his records in England, Aitken moved to London, specifically the heavily West Indian area of Brixton. There he began recording for Blue Beat, the first British-based label to cater to Jamaican immigrant tastes. Blue Beat's first single was a reissue of "Boogie Rock," and not long after, "Mary Lee" became the first song Aitken recorded specifically for the label. As a prominent Jamaican who'd chosen to make his home in Brixton, Aitken's popularity among the U.K.'s West Indian immigrants soon exceeded the stardom he'd enjoyed back home.

Aitken cut more than 15 singles for Blue Beat, then temporarily returned to Jamaica in 1963 for a recording binge that often found him backed by the Skatalites. Some tracks, like "Weary Wanderer" and "Zion," were produced by Reid; another, the hit "Bad Minded Woman," was released by Aitken's new U.K. label, Rio. Aitken remained with Rio through 1966, issuing around 20 singles and also recording for several other small labels. Rio went bankrupt, and during the late '60s, Aitken signed a new deal with the Pama family of labels (Nu Beat, Doctor Bird, etc.), partly because the company helped him out with his overdue child support payments. This arrangement resulted in some of his biggest U.K. hits, many of which he penned himself: "Fire in Mi Wire," "Pussy Price" (both early slack numbers), "Landlord and Tenants," "It's Too Late," "Jesse James," "Rise & Fall," "Woppi King," and "Skinhead Train," to name the biggest. This material was among Aitken's most enduring, and broadened his appeal to white audiences (mostly skinheads and mods).

Labour of Love

The ascent of Bob Marley and the new Rastafarian emphasis on culturally relevant reggae made Aitken's music seem somewhat outdated in the '70s. He moved to Leicester, well outside of London, and while he performed occasionally, he was effectively retired from recording. However, the Two Tone ska revival of the late '70s made Aitken's style hip all over again, and the English Beat rewrote the lyrics of "Pussy Price" for their own "Ranking Full Stop." Aitken returned to the recording studio and came up with "Rudy Got Married," which became his first ever U.K. chart single in 1981. Aitken resumed his regular U.K. tours during the '80s, and spent a year and a half working with a band called the Potato 5, with whom he recorded on Gaz's Rockin' Records. In 1986, he appeared alongside David Bowie in the mod film Absolute Beginners; additionally, UB40 covered Aitken's single "Guilty" (recorded under the name Tiger) on their hit Labour of Love album, further increasing his visibility. Aitken performed with several third wave ska bands over the '80s and '90s, and although his recording activity dropped off substantially, he continued to tour into the new millennium, even documenting and releasing a performance titled Live at Club Ska, issued in 2004. After six decades of recording and performing, Laurel Aitken's reign as the Godfather of Ska came to an end on July 17, 2005 when at the age of 87 the singer suffered a heart attack and passed way.

https://www.allmusic.com/artist/laurel-aitken-mn0000138792/biography

///////

 Biografía del artista por Steve Huey

Conocido como "el Padrino de Ska", Laurel Aitken fue la primera estrella de la grabación de Jamaica. Fue pionero en muchos otros aspectos también: fue uno de los primeros artistas en lanzar un disco de ska, el primero en trabajar en la promoción de su música en el Reino Unido, y uno de los primeros en grabar para el seminal sello Island, que en sí mismo es una fuerza importante en la popularidad internacional de la música jamaicana. Aitken grabó numerosos éxitos para una variedad de sellos discográficos a lo largo de los años, disfrutando de su apogeo durante los años sesenta. Su presencia continua en el Reino Unido lo convirtió en un anciano estadista del movimiento de renacimiento del ska Two Tone de la era punk, y continuó su gira incluso en el nuevo milenio.

Aitken nació en Cuba el 22 de abril de 1927 y se mudó a la patria de su padre, Jamaica, en 1938. A la edad de 15 años, ganó un concurso de talentos prominentes con su interpretación de "Pennies From Heaven"; más o menos al mismo tiempo, también cantó como parte de un grupo de calipso que actuaba para los turistas que llegaban a la isla en cruceros. Aitken desarrolló sus chuletas de canto y composición sobre una amplia variedad de materiales: jump blues (especialmente los de Louis Jordan y el joven Nat King Cole), New Orleans R&B, calypso, y el mento de estilo folklórico jamaicano. Se convirtió en un popular artista de clubes nocturnos en Kingston, y se unió oficialmente a la naciente industria discográfica jamaicana en 1957, cuando grabó (y produjo) el espiritual "Roll Jordan Roll" de R&B/calypso. Al año siguiente, comenzó a grabar para el incipiente sello Island del productor Chris Blackwell; su doble cara "Little Sheila"/"Boogie in My Bones" fue el primer sencillo publicado en Island, así como uno de los primeros discos de ska. También fue un gran éxito en Jamaica, encabezando las listas de éxitos durante casi tres meses, y se convirtió en el primer disco jamaiquino jamás publicado en el Reino Unido.

Aitken obtuvo otro éxito con el "Día del Juicio" de 1959, una producción temprana del legendario Duque Reid, y repitió su éxito con el "Boogie Rock" de los años 60. Mientras tanto, grabó para varios productores prominentes, incluyendo Reid, Leslie Kong y Ken Khouri. En 1960, impulsado por la popularidad de sus discos en Inglaterra, Aitken se trasladó a Londres, concretamente a la zona de Brixton, una zona densamente poblada por las Indias Occidentales. Allí comenzó a grabar para Blue Beat, el primer sello con sede en Gran Bretaña que satisface los gustos de los inmigrantes jamaiquinos. El primer sencillo de Blue Beat fue una reedición de "Boogie Rock", y poco después, "Mary Lee" se convirtió en la primera canción de Aitken grabada específicamente para el sello. Como prominente jamaiquino que había decidido establecerse en Brixton, la popularidad de Aitken entre los inmigrantes de las Indias Occidentales del Reino Unido pronto superó el estrellato que había disfrutado en su país.

Aitken grabó más de 15 sencillos para Blue Beat, y luego regresó temporalmente a Jamaica en 1963 para una juerga discográfica que a menudo lo encontró respaldado por los Skatalites. Algunos temas, como "Weary Wanderer" y "Zion", fueron producidos por Reid; otro, el éxito "Bad Minded Woman", fue lanzado por el nuevo sello británico de Aitken, Rio. Aitken permaneció con Rio hasta 1966, emitiendo alrededor de 20 sencillos y también grabando para varios otros sellos pequeños. Río se fue a la bancarrota, y a finales de los años 60, Aitken firmó un nuevo acuerdo con la familia de etiquetas Pama (Nu Beat, Doctor Bird, etc.), en parte porque la compañía le ayudó con sus pagos atrasados de manutención infantil. Este arreglo resultó en algunos de sus mayores éxitos en el Reino Unido, muchos de los cuales él mismo escribió: "Fire in Mi Wire", "Pussy Price" (ambos números iniciales), "Landlord and Tenants", "It's Too Late", "Jesse James", "Rise & Fall", "Woppi King" y "Skinhead Train", por nombrar los más grandes. Este material fue uno de los más duraderos de Aitken, y amplió su atractivo para el público blanco (principalmente skinheads y mods).

El ascenso de Bob Marley y el nuevo énfasis rastafariano en el reggae culturalmente relevante hicieron que la música de Aitken pareciera algo anticuada en los años 70. Se mudó a Leicester, en las afueras de Londres, y aunque tocaba ocasionalmente, fue retirado de la grabación. Sin embargo, el renacimiento del ska Two Tone de finales de los 70 hizo que el estilo de Aitken volviera a estar de moda, y el English Beat reescribió la letra de "Pussy Price" para su propio "Ranking Full Stop". Aitken regresó al estudio de grabación y se le ocurrió "Rudy Got Married", que se convirtió en su primer single en el Reino Unido en 1981. Aitken reanudó sus giras regulares por el Reino Unido durante los años 80, y pasó un año y medio trabajando con una banda llamada The Potato 5, con la que grabó en Gaz's Rockin' Records. En 1986, apareció junto a David Bowie en la película "Absolute Beginners"; además, UB40 cubrió el sencillo de Aitken "Guilty" (grabado bajo el nombre de Tiger) en su exitoso álbum "Labour of Love", aumentando aún más su visibilidad. Aitken tocó con varias bandas de ska de tercera ola durante los'80 y'90, y aunque su actividad discográfica se redujo sustancialmente, continuó girando en el nuevo milenio, incluso documentando y lanzando una actuación titulada Live at Club Ska, publicada en 2004. Después de seis décadas de grabar y tocar, el reinado de Laurel Aitken como el Padrino de Ska terminó el 17 de julio de 2005, cuando a la edad de 87 años el cantante sufrió un ataque al corazón y se fue.

https://www.allmusic.com/artist/laurel-aitken-mn0000138792/biography

VA • Night Comes Downː 60 British Mod, R&B, Freakbeat, And Swinging London Nuggets [3 vols]

  

There's much, much more to 60s British music than just the invasion groups as Night Comes Down demonstrates. If you're a fan of the era, this box most certainly belongs in your collection. Recommended.
Night Comes Down: 60s British Mod, R&B, Freakbeat & Swinging London Nuggets.

Laurel Aitken with the Skatalites • The Long Hot Summer

 

VA • Jamaica-Mento 1951-1958

 

VA • Halcyon Daysː 60s Mod, R&B, Brit Soul & Freakbeat Nuggets

 

Strawberry picks up where the powerful RPM Records left off and will shed light on collectable recordings from the 1960s and 1970s, from thematic compilations to anthologies of individual artists and occasional reissues of albums.

Halcyon Days is inspired by the custom RPM compilations Looking Back, Keep Lookin' and Night Comes Down. It traces the evolution of mod-friendly beat music on three CDs of jazzy R&B by Chris Farlowe, Duffy Power with Graham Bond and Zoot Money, opening the first CD with hornloaded Brit-Soul by Jimmy James, Geno Washington and The Richard Kent Style, Ska by Mickey Finn & The Blue Men, Girlgroup-Pop by The Chantelles and fluffy freakbeat by The Pretty Things and The Worrying Kynde.

On the third disc, the influence of psychedelia is evident in the performances of Jason Crest, July and Dantalian's Chariot.

Bands featured include The Animals, The Yardbirds, The Kinks, The Pretty Things, The Creation, The Action, The Artwoods, John's Children, The Spencer Davis Group, Brian Auger & The Trinity and The Fleur De Lys.

There are early singles from future superstars David Bowie and Rod Stewart and early recordings of Jimmy Page with Mickey Finn & The Blue Men and alongside Jeff Beck in The Yardbirds, Steve Howe in The In Crowd, Greg Lake in The Shame and Jack Bruce and Ginger Baker in the Graham Bond Quartet. Mick Fleetwood drums with The Bo Street Runners, future Deep Purple guitarist Ritchie Blackmore supports Heinz, his Purple bandmate Jon Lord is organist with The Artwoods, Rolling Stone Bill Wyman produces The End and Denny Laine, who later joined Paul McCartney in Wings, sings with The Moody Blues .

Producer Mike Hurst opens his archive and gives us the opportunity to record freakbeat nuggets from Australian Playboys, The Human Instinct, The Favourite Sons, Double Feature and The Oscar Bicycle, as well as orchestrated pop gems from soulful Truly Smith, psychedelic The Alan Bown!, Swedish mods The Tages and dramatically singing twins Paul & Barry Ryan.

Rarities available on CD for the first time include British R&B, soul and mod beat tracks from The Athenians, The Fingers, The Candy Dates, Barney J. Barnes & The Intro, Kevin 'King' Lear, Dorian Gray, Barry St. John, Ray French, Laris McLennon and Sleepy. There are also previously unreleased recordings by The SW4, The Union and The Trendbender Band.

Includes a booklet with track-by-track annotations, packed with rare images, including concert posters, sheet music and band photos.

///////

Strawberry retoma el camino donde lo dejó la poderosa RPM Records y arrojará luz sobre las grabaciones de colección de los años 60 y 70, desde compilaciones temáticas hasta antologías de artistas individuales y reediciones ocasionales de álbumes.

Halcyon Days se inspira en las recopilaciones personalizadas de RPM Looking Back, Keep Lookin' y Night Comes Down. Traza la evolución de la música beat de estilo mod en tres CDs de R&B jazzístico de Chris Farlowe, Duffy Power con Graham Bond y Zoot Money, abriendo el primer CD con Brit-Soul cargado de cuernos de Jimmy James, Geno Washington y The Richard Kent Style, Ska de Mickey Finn & The Blue Men, Girlgroup-Pop de The Chantelles y freakbeat esponjoso de The Pretty Things y The Worrying Kynde.

En el tercer disco, la influencia de la psicodelia es evidente en las actuaciones de Jason Crest, July y Dantalian's Chariot.

Entre las bandas que aparecen están The Animals, The Yardbirds, The Kinks, The Pretty Things, The Creation, The Action, The Artwoods, John's Children, The Spencer Davis Group, Brian Auger & The Trinity y The Fleur De Lys.

Hay primeros singles de las futuras superestrellas David Bowie y Rod Stewart y primeras grabaciones de Jimmy Page con Mickey Finn & The Blue Men y junto a Jeff Beck en The Yardbirds, Steve Howe en The In Crowd, Greg Lake en The Shame y Jack Bruce y Ginger Baker en el Graham Bond Quartet. Mick Fleetwood toca la batería con The Bo Street Runners, el futuro guitarrista de Deep Purple Ritchie Blackmore apoya a Heinz, su compañero de banda en Purple Jon Lord es el organista de The Artwoods, el Rolling Stone Bill Wyman produce The End y Denny Laine, que luego se unió a Paul McCartney en Wings, canta con The Moody Blues .

El productor Mike Hurst abre su archivo y nos da la oportunidad de grabar pepitas de freakbeat de Australian Playboys, The Human Instinct, The Favourite Sons, Double Feature y The Oscar Bicycle, así como joyas pop orquestadas de la conmovedora Truly Smith, los psicodélicos The Alan Bown!, los mods suecos The Tages y los dramáticos gemelos cantantes Paul & Barry Ryan.

Las rarezas disponibles en CD por primera vez incluyen temas británicos de R&B, soul y mod beat de The Athenians, The Fingers, The Candy Dates, Barney J. Barnes & The Intro, Kevin 'King' Lear, Dorian Gray, Barry St. John, Ray French, Laris McLennon y Sleepy. También hay grabaciones inéditas de The SW4, The Union y The Trendbender Band.

Incluye un libreto con anotaciones pista por pista, repleto de imágenes raras, como carteles de conciertos, partituras y fotos de la banda.

 

 

 

Laurel Aitken • The Pama Years

 

 

Artist Biography by Steve Huey

Known as "the Godfather of Ska," Laurel Aitken was Jamaica's first real recording star. He was a pioneer in many other respects as well: he was one of the first artists ever to release a ska record, the first to work at promoting his music in the U.K., and one of the first to record for the seminal Island label, itself a major force in the international popularity of Jamaican music. Cutting his teeth on the sort of jump blues and boogie shuffles popular during the early days of American R&B, Aitken recorded numerous hits for a variety of labels over the years, enjoying his heyday during the '60s. His continued presence in the U.K. made him an elder statesman to the Two Tone ska revival movement of the punk era, and he continued to tour even into the new millennium.

Aitken was born in Cuba on April 22, 1927, and moved to his father's homeland of Jamaica in 1938. At age 15, he won a prominent talent competition with his rendition of "Pennies From Heaven"; around the same time, he also sang as part of a calypso group that performed for tourists arriving on the island from cruise ships. Aitken developed his singing and songwriting chops on a wide variety of material: jump blues (especially those of Louis Jordan and the young Nat King Cole), New Orleans R&B, calypso, and the indigenous Jamaican folk style mento. He became a popular nightclub performer around Kingston, and officially joined the nascent Jamaican recording industry in 1957, when he recorded (and produced) the R&B/calypso spiritual "Roll Jordan Roll." The following year, he began recording for producer Chris Blackwell's fledgling Island label; his double-A-sided "Little Sheila"/"Boogie in My Bones" was the first single ever released on Island, as well as one of the earliest ska records. It was also a massive hit in Jamaica, topping the charts for nearly three months, and went on to become the first Jamaican record ever issued in the U.K.

Aitken scored another hit with 1959's gospel-informed "Judgement Day," an early production by the legendary Duke Reid, and repeated his success with 1960's "Boogie Rock." In the meantime, he recorded for several prominent producers, including Reid, Leslie Kong, and Ken Khouri. In 1960, spurred by the popularity of his records in England, Aitken moved to London, specifically the heavily West Indian area of Brixton. There he began recording for Blue Beat, the first British-based label to cater to Jamaican immigrant tastes. Blue Beat's first single was a reissue of "Boogie Rock," and not long after, "Mary Lee" became the first song Aitken recorded specifically for the label. As a prominent Jamaican who'd chosen to make his home in Brixton, Aitken's popularity among the U.K.'s West Indian immigrants soon exceeded the stardom he'd enjoyed back home.

Aitken cut more than 15 singles for Blue Beat, then temporarily returned to Jamaica in 1963 for a recording binge that often found him backed by the Skatalites. Some tracks, like "Weary Wanderer" and "Zion," were produced by Reid; another, the hit "Bad Minded Woman," was released by Aitken's new U.K. label, Rio. Aitken remained with Rio through 1966, issuing around 20 singles and also recording for several other small labels. Rio went bankrupt, and during the late '60s, Aitken signed a new deal with the Pama family of labels (Nu Beat, Doctor Bird, etc.), partly because the company helped him out with his overdue child support payments. This arrangement resulted in some of his biggest U.K. hits, many of which he penned himself: "Fire in Mi Wire," "Pussy Price" (both early slack numbers), "Landlord and Tenants," "It's Too Late," "Jesse James," "Rise & Fall," "Woppi King," and "Skinhead Train," to name the biggest. This material was among Aitken's most enduring, and broadened his appeal to white audiences (mostly skinheads and mods).

Labour of Love

The ascent of Bob Marley and the new Rastafarian emphasis on culturally relevant reggae made Aitken's music seem somewhat outdated in the '70s. He moved to Leicester, well outside of London, and while he performed occasionally, he was effectively retired from recording. However, the Two Tone ska revival of the late '70s made Aitken's style hip all over again, and the English Beat rewrote the lyrics of "Pussy Price" for their own "Ranking Full Stop." Aitken returned to the recording studio and came up with "Rudy Got Married," which became his first ever U.K. chart single in 1981. Aitken resumed his regular U.K. tours during the '80s, and spent a year and a half working with a band called the Potato 5, with whom he recorded on Gaz's Rockin' Records. In 1986, he appeared alongside David Bowie in the mod film Absolute Beginners; additionally, UB40 covered Aitken's single "Guilty" (recorded under the name Tiger) on their hit Labour of Love album, further increasing his visibility. Aitken performed with several third wave ska bands over the '80s and '90s, and although his recording activity dropped off substantially, he continued to tour into the new millennium, even documenting and releasing a performance titled Live at Club Ska, issued in 2004. After six decades of recording and performing, Laurel Aitken's reign as the Godfather of Ska came to an end on July 17, 2005 when at the age of 87 the singer suffered a heart attack and passed way.

https://www.allmusic.com/artist/laurel-aitken-mn0000138792/biography

///////

 Biografía del artista por Steve Huey

Conocido como "el Padrino de Ska", Laurel Aitken fue la primera estrella de la grabación de Jamaica. Fue pionero en muchos otros aspectos también: fue uno de los primeros artistas en lanzar un disco de ska, el primero en trabajar en la promoción de su música en el Reino Unido, y uno de los primeros en grabar para el seminal sello Island, que en sí mismo es una fuerza importante en la popularidad internacional de la música jamaicana. Aitken grabó numerosos éxitos para una variedad de sellos discográficos a lo largo de los años, disfrutando de su apogeo durante los años sesenta. Su presencia continua en el Reino Unido lo convirtió en un anciano estadista del movimiento de renacimiento del ska Two Tone de la era punk, y continuó su gira incluso en el nuevo milenio.

Aitken nació en Cuba el 22 de abril de 1927 y se mudó a la patria de su padre, Jamaica, en 1938. A la edad de 15 años, ganó un concurso de talentos prominentes con su interpretación de "Pennies From Heaven"; más o menos al mismo tiempo, también cantó como parte de un grupo de calipso que actuaba para los turistas que llegaban a la isla en cruceros. Aitken desarrolló sus chuletas de canto y composición sobre una amplia variedad de materiales: jump blues (especialmente los de Louis Jordan y el joven Nat King Cole), New Orleans R&B, calypso, y el mento de estilo folklórico jamaicano. Se convirtió en un popular artista de clubes nocturnos en Kingston, y se unió oficialmente a la naciente industria discográfica jamaicana en 1957, cuando grabó (y produjo) el espiritual "Roll Jordan Roll" de R&B/calypso. Al año siguiente, comenzó a grabar para el incipiente sello Island del productor Chris Blackwell; su doble cara "Little Sheila"/"Boogie in My Bones" fue el primer sencillo publicado en Island, así como uno de los primeros discos de ska. También fue un gran éxito en Jamaica, encabezando las listas de éxitos durante casi tres meses, y se convirtió en el primer disco jamaiquino jamás publicado en el Reino Unido.

Aitken obtuvo otro éxito con el "Día del Juicio" de 1959, una producción temprana del legendario Duque Reid, y repitió su éxito con el "Boogie Rock" de los años 60. Mientras tanto, grabó para varios productores prominentes, incluyendo Reid, Leslie Kong y Ken Khouri. En 1960, impulsado por la popularidad de sus discos en Inglaterra, Aitken se trasladó a Londres, concretamente a la zona de Brixton, una zona densamente poblada por las Indias Occidentales. Allí comenzó a grabar para Blue Beat, el primer sello con sede en Gran Bretaña que satisface los gustos de los inmigrantes jamaiquinos. El primer sencillo de Blue Beat fue una reedición de "Boogie Rock", y poco después, "Mary Lee" se convirtió en la primera canción de Aitken grabada específicamente para el sello. Como prominente jamaiquino que había decidido establecerse en Brixton, la popularidad de Aitken entre los inmigrantes de las Indias Occidentales del Reino Unido pronto superó el estrellato que había disfrutado en su país.

Aitken grabó más de 15 sencillos para Blue Beat, y luego regresó temporalmente a Jamaica en 1963 para una juerga discográfica que a menudo lo encontró respaldado por los Skatalites. Algunos temas, como "Weary Wanderer" y "Zion", fueron producidos por Reid; otro, el éxito "Bad Minded Woman", fue lanzado por el nuevo sello británico de Aitken, Rio. Aitken permaneció con Rio hasta 1966, emitiendo alrededor de 20 sencillos y también grabando para varios otros sellos pequeños. Río se fue a la bancarrota, y a finales de los años 60, Aitken firmó un nuevo acuerdo con la familia de etiquetas Pama (Nu Beat, Doctor Bird, etc.), en parte porque la compañía le ayudó con sus pagos atrasados de manutención infantil. Este arreglo resultó en algunos de sus mayores éxitos en el Reino Unido, muchos de los cuales él mismo escribió: "Fire in Mi Wire", "Pussy Price" (ambos números iniciales), "Landlord and Tenants", "It's Too Late", "Jesse James", "Rise & Fall", "Woppi King" y "Skinhead Train", por nombrar los más grandes. Este material fue uno de los más duraderos de Aitken, y amplió su atractivo para el público blanco (principalmente skinheads y mods).

El ascenso de Bob Marley y el nuevo énfasis rastafariano en el reggae culturalmente relevante hicieron que la música de Aitken pareciera algo anticuada en los años 70. Se mudó a Leicester, en las afueras de Londres, y aunque tocaba ocasionalmente, fue retirado de la grabación. Sin embargo, el renacimiento del ska Two Tone de finales de los 70 hizo que el estilo de Aitken volviera a estar de moda, y el English Beat reescribió la letra de "Pussy Price" para su propio "Ranking Full Stop". Aitken regresó al estudio de grabación y se le ocurrió "Rudy Got Married", que se convirtió en su primer single en el Reino Unido en 1981. Aitken reanudó sus giras regulares por el Reino Unido durante los años 80, y pasó un año y medio trabajando con una banda llamada The Potato 5, con la que grabó en Gaz's Rockin' Records. En 1986, apareció junto a David Bowie en la película "Absolute Beginners"; además, UB40 cubrió el sencillo de Aitken "Guilty" (grabado bajo el nombre de Tiger) en su exitoso álbum "Labour of Love", aumentando aún más su visibilidad. Aitken tocó con varias bandas de ska de tercera ola durante los'80 y'90, y aunque su actividad discográfica se redujo sustancialmente, continuó girando en el nuevo milenio, incluso documentando y lanzando una actuación titulada Live at Club Ska, publicada en 2004. Después de seis décadas de grabar y tocar, el reinado de Laurel Aitken como el Padrino de Ska terminó el 17 de julio de 2005, cuando a la edad de 87 años el cantante sufrió un ataque al corazón y se fue.

https://www.allmusic.com/artist/laurel-aitken-mn0000138792/biography

The Skatalites • Independence Ska & The Far East Sound 1963-65

The Skatalites (o The Ska-Talites)​ es un grupo de origen jamaicano de ska creado en 1964. El nombre está formado a partir de la mezcla de «The Satellites» con la palabra «Ska».
The Skatalites están considerados los creadores del ska y, por tanto, influenciadores del rocksteady, del reggae —ya sea early (skinhead) o roots (rastafarismo)—, del dub, del dancehall, y del de sus descendientes musicales que derivan de los sonidos tradicionales de Jamaica. Sus primeras grabaciones de ska datan de junio de 1964, aunque estos músicos habían trabajado bastante tiempo antes como banda de estudio para el sello Studio One, grabando principalmente rhythm and blues. Los miembros originales de la banda obtuvieron su formación musical a partir de los músicos de jazz de la isla. Por eso, aunque se inspiraron en lo que sonaba en Estados Unidos (principalmente boogie woogie) y los sonidos africanos, la música de The Skatalites y por lo tanto el ska, contiene muchos elementos propios del jazz. Otra influencia decisiva para la creación de la música ska fue la música afro-cubana, también llamada "música latina". De hecho Lloyd Knibb (baterista) explicó abiertamente que el ritmo tan singular que creó fue inspirado por tocar ese estilo de música en las grandes orquestas de la época previas al ska. Entonces, de la fusión de música afro-cubana, jazz, rhythm and blues, mento y calypso nació el ska.
Los miembros originales de The Skatalites fueron Don Drummond (trombonista), Tommy McCook (saxo tenor y flauta), Roland Alfonso (saxo tenor), Lester Sterling (saxo alto), "Dizzy Johny" Moore (trompeta), Lloyd Brevet (bajo), Lloyd Knnibb (batería), Jackie Mittoo (piano y órgano), Jah Jerry Haines (guitarra).
The Skatalites grabaron para los soundsystems a través de Studio One, del que eran banda de estudio. Llegaron a ser muy populares en Jamaica y fueron la influencia de toda la música posterior en la isla. La mayoría de grandes artistas de música jamaicana, como Bob Marley, Peter Tosh, Bunny Wailer, Toots and the Maytals, Laurel Aitken o Prince Buster grabaron o dieron conciertos con ellos, e incluso hoy en día, muchos grupos tienen colaboraciones con el grupo por lo que significa para esta música, por ejemplo, los norteamericanos New York Ska-Jazz Ensemble. La banda original se disolvió en 1965, año en que el líder del grupo (Don Drummond) mató a su esposa y lo internaron en el centro psiquiátrico De Bellevue, centro en el que murió al cabo de dos años.

La banda reapareció reformada como grupo en el año 1983 y en la actualidad siguen tocando, aunque la mayoría de componentes han sido reemplazados. Recibieron dos Grammy en 1996 y 1997. Los últimos álbumes de Skatalites contaban mayormente con nuevas grabaciones modernas de temas de la banda original, pero en los últimos años podemos encontrarnos ante álbumes de estudio totalmente inéditos como Bashaka o On the Right Track, por ejemplo.

Han estado activos desde el año 2014, donde han tocado en una serie de festivales internacionales de Reggae.

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The Skatalites are a ska band from Jamaica. They played initially between 1963 and 1965, and recorded many of their best known songs in the period, including "Guns of Navarone." They also played on records by Prince Buster and backed many other Jamaican artists who recorded during that period. They reformed in 1983 and have played together ever since.
History
Before the Skatalites: 1954–64
The founders of the Skatalites were Tommy McCook (died 1998), Rolando Alphonso (died 1998), Lester Sterling, Lloyd Brevett (died 2012), Lloyd Knibb (died 2011), Don Drummond (died 1969), Jah Jerry Haynes (died 2007), Jackie Mittoo (died 1990), Johnny Moore (died 2008) and Jackie Opel (died 1970). These ten musicians started to play together from 1955, when Kingston's recording studios started to develop. Tommy McCook was the first member of the band to record, though not for commercial release: he played with Don Hitchman's Group in 1953. Archie Lindo asked Hitchman to play a few tunes for his pioneer radio station, "ZQI", on their new equipment. Soon after that, sound system pioneer Stanley Motta began to operate his studio, where he recorded calypso and mento that were released on 78's. Rolando Alphonso was one of the first to record with him, probably in 1954.
Though McCook was the first in the band to record, he did not participate in the recording sessions with the other nine musicians. He left Jamaica in 1954 for a jazz gig at the Zanzibar Club in Nassau, Bahamas. He returned to Jamaica in June 1962, and began playing regular jazz sessions around Kingston.
Record producer Coxsone Dodd searched for jazz players around Kingston and was impressed by McCook's playing. Tommy McCook heard some ska, but initially resisted Dodd's offers to record and to lead a studio group, because he was a committed jazzman. In 1962 Dodd released I Cover The Waterfront (Port-O-Jam) with Roland Alphonso and Don Drummond, who did the solo and brass sections. In 1963 he released Jazz Jamaica From the Workshop (Port-O-Jam/Studio One), on which McCook played for the first time since returning to Jamaica. Don Drummond has two tunes on Jazz Jamaica and McCook has one, "The Answer".
Early years: 1964–65
In spring 1964, The Skatalites recorded their first LP Ska Authentic at Studio One in Kingston and toured Jamaica as the creators of ska. Their producers were Coxsone Dodd, Duke Reid, Prince Buster, Vincent "King" Edwards, Justin "Phillip" Yap, Leslie Kong, Lindon Pottinger, Sonia Pottinger and Vincent "Randy" Chin. The Skatalites led sessions with top artists and worked with young talents such as Delroy Wilson, Desmond Dekker, The Wailers, Lee Perry, etc.
They played their first show on 27 June at the Hi-Hat club, on Water Lane in Rae Town, which was owned and operated by Orville "Billy" Farnum. Coxsone Dodd helped initially: "At the formation of the band, I supplied the PA system, microphones and what ever it is. Also the guitar amplifier and other amplifier. I helped with transportation and I supplied storage for equipment and instruments. I was a part of promoting the first gigs and other gigs to get it off the ground, because I figured more or less, if I am recording the Skatalites, its good to get them popular out in the streets, yunno?"
Trombonist Don Drummond had at least 200 tunes to his name by 1965. On 1 January 1965, Drummond was arrested for the murder of his girlfriend, Anita "Marguerita" Mahfood. He was later convicted and remanded to the Bellevue Asylum.
In August 1965, The Skatalites played their last show. They broke up into two supergroups, Rolando Alphonso and the Soul Vendors and Tommy McCook and the Supersonics. In April 1967, The Skatalites' ska adaptation of the theme to the film The Guns of Navarone entered the Top 40 of the UK Singles Chart. Don Drummond died on 6 May 1969, in the Bellevue Asylum.
Early reunions: 1974–88
The Skatalites first reunion happened in the studio, during 1974 sessions for bass player Lloyd Brevett's solo album. After laying down hand percussion tracks at Lee Perry's studio, Brevett was joined by McCook, Alphonso, Sterling, Knibb and Mittoo. Ernest Ranglin played guitar, with Oswald Brooks on trumpet. The album was eventually released as African Roots, a collection of mostly Brevett compositions, and has been variously released both as a Lloyd Brevett and as a Skatalies album, with most editions crediting "Lloyd Brevett and The Skatalites".
In 1979, The Skatalites again joined in the studio, this time to record an album for Chris Blackwell. The album, tentatively entitled The Big Guns, was not released at the time, due to a disagreement between McCook and Blackwell, and remains unreleased.
In June 1983, The Skatalites reformed and played the Reggae Sunsplash festival in Montego Bay in July after festival director Ronnie Burke persuaded them to appear at the fifth anniversary of the festival, despite Moore and McCook having not spoken since the band split. Their show was very successful and the band played more concerts in Jamaica, while taking offers to tour abroad. The line-up at this time reflected the original line-up of the band, with the exception of Drummond, joined by guests Cedric Brooks, Arnold Breckenridge, and Bubbles Cameron. Recordings from 27 June and 17 July 1983 were released on the live album Stretching Out, although the band later claimed on their website that they received no payment for this recording and discouraged fans from buying it.
Their rehearsal sessions resulted in a clutch of new songs, led this time by Jackie Mittoo, which were recorded in Music Mountain Studio but only released in 2007 on Motion Records (as Rolling Steady: The 1983 Music Mountain Sessions). The album included their tribute to Don Drummond, "Big Trombone", with Lord Tanamo on vocals. In April 1984, The Skatalites recorded The Return of The Big Guns, released on Mango Records in the UK, based on charts written by Drummond and arranged by McCook. On 7 July 1984, The Skatalites played to thousands at Selhurst Park during the London Sunsplash. The Skatalites played seven tunes and also backed Prince Buster on three before closing with a reprise of their theme song, "Freedom Sounds". This concert resulted in the live recording Live At Sunsplash.
Between 1985 and 1988, the core members of the Skatalites emigrated and united in the northeast of the United States. They played their first US concert at The Village Gate and began to play spotted dates in Northeast US.
1989–present
The Skatalites were featured on the album True Love by Toots and the Maytals, which won the Grammy Award in 2004 for Best Reggae Album, and showcased many notable musicians including Willie Nelson, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Trey Anastasio, Gwen Stefani / No Doubt, Ben Harper, Bonnie Raitt, Manu Chao, The Roots, Ryan Adams, Keith Richards, Toots Hibbert, Paul Douglas, Jackie Jackson, and Ken Boothe.
In 2004, original member Lloyd Brevett left the band. It was reported that he was removed from the band after conflicts with newer members. He toured briefly leading his own band, and then retired to Jamaica. In April that year, the Skatalites started a new world tour with their new bass player Val Douglas, whose A-Team band was the primary backing band for Reggae Sunsplash Tours through the 1980s and 1990s. In October 2005, The Skatalites released The Skatalites in Orbit, Vol.1 recorded live in Buenos Aires, recorded during concerts on 23 and 24 September 2005. In March 2006, The Skatalites played at La Bal De La Rose for Caroline, Princess of Hanover, along with Jimmy Cliff, The Wailers and Alpha Blondy. This show started the 2006 Global Orbit Tour reaching Australia, New Zealand, Chile and Argentina. In April 2006, Skatalites recorded 11 new tunes and one cover in Byron Bay, Australia, at the 301 Studios, released the following year as the album On The Right Track by AIM International, Australia. In September 2007, The Skatalites contributed the track "Be My Guest", with Ben Harper on vocals, to the Fats Domino tribute CD Goin' Home: A Tribute to Fats Domino featuring numerous artists. This CD raised funds for all the musicians affected by Hurricane Katrina.
On 12 May 2011, founding member and drummer Lloyd Knibb died of liver cancer at the age of 80. Bass player and fellow founding member Lloyd Brevett died after suffering a stroke on 3 May 2012, aged 80.
On 8 February 2012, the band announced a new single and album due out in 2012 as well as a new US tour starting in Texas and heading to New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, Oregon, California, Washington, and then Canada. These dates follow four dates they announced in January for the North East. The new album will be titled All Roads and will feature the last recordings of founding member Lloyd Knibb.
On 26 August 2016 the band released the album Platinum Ska and toured through the USA, Hong Kong, Japan, Mexico, France Italy and the UK.

Laurel Aitken • Skinhead Train - The Complete Singles Collection 1969-1970

 

Artist Biography by Steve Huey
Known as "the Godfather of Ska," Laurel Aitken was Jamaica's first real recording star. He was a pioneer in many other respects as well: he was one of the first artists ever to release a ska record, the first to work at promoting his music in the U.K., and one of the first to record for the seminal Island label, itself a major force in the international popularity of Jamaican music. Cutting his teeth on the sort of jump blues and boogie shuffles popular during the early days of American R&B, Aitken recorded numerous hits for a variety of labels over the years, enjoying his heyday during the '60s. His continued presence in the U.K. made him an elder statesman to the Two Tone ska revival movement of the punk era, and he continued to tour even into the new millennium.

Aitken was born in Cuba on April 22, 1927, and moved to his father's homeland of Jamaica in 1938. At age 15, he won a prominent talent competition with his rendition of "Pennies From Heaven"; around the same time, he also sang as part of a calypso group that performed for tourists arriving on the island from cruise ships. Aitken developed his singing and songwriting chops on a wide variety of material: jump blues (especially those of Louis Jordan and the young Nat King Cole), New Orleans R&B, calypso, and the indigenous Jamaican folk style mento. He became a popular nightclub performer around Kingston, and officially joined the nascent Jamaican recording industry in 1957, when he recorded (and produced) the R&B/calypso spiritual "Roll Jordan Roll." The following year, he began recording for producer Chris Blackwell's fledgling Island label; his double-A-sided "Little Sheila"/"Boogie in My Bones" was the first single ever released on Island, as well as one of the earliest ska records. It was also a massive hit in Jamaica, topping the charts for nearly three months, and went on to become the first Jamaican record ever issued in the U.K.

Aitken scored another hit with 1959's gospel-informed "Judgement Day," an early production by the legendary Duke Reid, and repeated his success with 1960's "Boogie Rock." In the meantime, he recorded for several prominent producers, including Reid, Leslie Kong, and Ken Khouri. In 1960, spurred by the popularity of his records in England, Aitken moved to London, specifically the heavily West Indian area of Brixton. There he began recording for Blue Beat, the first British-based label to cater to Jamaican immigrant tastes. Blue Beat's first single was a reissue of "Boogie Rock," and not long after, "Mary Lee" became the first song Aitken recorded specifically for the label. As a prominent Jamaican who'd chosen to make his home in Brixton, Aitken's popularity among the U.K.'s West Indian immigrants soon exceeded the stardom he'd enjoyed back home.

Aitken cut more than 15 singles for Blue Beat, then temporarily returned to Jamaica in 1963 for a recording binge that often found him backed by the Skatalites. Some tracks, like "Weary Wanderer" and "Zion," were produced by Reid; another, the hit "Bad Minded Woman," was released by Aitken's new U.K. label, Rio. Aitken remained with Rio through 1966, issuing around 20 singles and also recording for several other small labels. Rio went bankrupt, and during the late '60s, Aitken signed a new deal with the Pama family of labels (Nu Beat, Doctor Bird, etc.), partly because the company helped him out with his overdue child support payments. This arrangement resulted in some of his biggest U.K. hits, many of which he penned himself: "Fire in Mi Wire," "Pussy Price" (both early slack numbers), "Landlord and Tenants," "It's Too Late," "Jesse James," "Rise & Fall," "Woppi King," and "Skinhead Train," to name the biggest. This material was among Aitken's most enduring, and broadened his appeal to white audiences (mostly skinheads and mods).

Labour of Love

The ascent of Bob Marley and the new Rastafarian emphasis on culturally relevant reggae made Aitken's music seem somewhat outdated in the '70s. He moved to Leicester, well outside of London, and while he performed occasionally, he was effectively retired from recording. However, the Two Tone ska revival of the late '70s made Aitken's style hip all over again, and the English Beat rewrote the lyrics of "Pussy Price" for their own "Ranking Full Stop." Aitken returned to the recording studio and came up with "Rudy Got Married," which became his first ever U.K. chart single in 1981. Aitken resumed his regular U.K. tours during the '80s, and spent a year and a half working with a band called the Potato 5, with whom he recorded on Gaz's Rockin' Records. In 1986, he appeared alongside David Bowie in the mod film Absolute Beginners; additionally, UB40 covered Aitken's single "Guilty" (recorded under the name Tiger) on their hit Labour of Love album, further increasing his visibility. Aitken performed with several third wave ska bands over the '80s and '90s, and although his recording activity dropped off substantially, he continued to tour into the new millennium, even documenting and releasing a performance titled Live at Club Ska, issued in 2004. After six decades of recording and performing, Laurel Aitken's reign as the Godfather of Ska came to an end on July 17, 2005 when at the age of 87 the singer suffered a heart attack and passed way.

https://www.allmusic.com/artist/laurel-aitken-mn0000138792/biography

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 Biografía del artista por Steve Huey

Conocido como "el Padrino de Ska", Laurel Aitken fue la primera estrella de la grabación de Jamaica. Fue pionero en muchos otros aspectos también: fue uno de los primeros artistas en lanzar un disco de ska, el primero en trabajar en la promoción de su música en el Reino Unido, y uno de los primeros en grabar para el seminal sello Island, que en sí mismo es una fuerza importante en la popularidad internacional de la música jamaicana. Aitken grabó numerosos éxitos para una variedad de sellos discográficos a lo largo de los años, disfrutando de su apogeo durante los años sesenta. Su presencia continua en el Reino Unido lo convirtió en un anciano estadista del movimiento de renacimiento del ska Two Tone de la era punk, y continuó su gira incluso en el nuevo milenio.

Aitken nació en Cuba el 22 de abril de 1927 y se mudó a la patria de su padre, Jamaica, en 1938. A la edad de 15 años, ganó un concurso de talentos prominentes con su interpretación de "Pennies From Heaven"; más o menos al mismo tiempo, también cantó como parte de un grupo de calipso que actuaba para los turistas que llegaban a la isla en cruceros. Aitken desarrolló sus chuletas de canto y composición sobre una amplia variedad de materiales: jump blues (especialmente los de Louis Jordan y el joven Nat King Cole), New Orleans R&B, calypso, y el mento de estilo folklórico jamaicano. Se convirtió en un popular artista de clubes nocturnos en Kingston, y se unió oficialmente a la naciente industria discográfica jamaicana en 1957, cuando grabó (y produjo) el espiritual "Roll Jordan Roll" de R&B/calypso. Al año siguiente, comenzó a grabar para el incipiente sello Island del productor Chris Blackwell; su doble cara "Little Sheila"/"Boogie in My Bones" fue el primer sencillo publicado en Island, así como uno de los primeros discos de ska. También fue un gran éxito en Jamaica, encabezando las listas de éxitos durante casi tres meses, y se convirtió en el primer disco jamaiquino jamás publicado en el Reino Unido.

Aitken obtuvo otro éxito con el "Día del Juicio" de 1959, una producción temprana del legendario Duque Reid, y repitió su éxito con el "Boogie Rock" de los años 60. Mientras tanto, grabó para varios productores prominentes, incluyendo Reid, Leslie Kong y Ken Khouri. En 1960, impulsado por la popularidad de sus discos en Inglaterra, Aitken se trasladó a Londres, concretamente a la zona de Brixton, una zona densamente poblada por las Indias Occidentales. Allí comenzó a grabar para Blue Beat, el primer sello con sede en Gran Bretaña que satisface los gustos de los inmigrantes jamaiquinos. El primer sencillo de Blue Beat fue una reedición de "Boogie Rock", y poco después, "Mary Lee" se convirtió en la primera canción de Aitken grabada específicamente para el sello. Como prominente jamaiquino que había decidido establecerse en Brixton, la popularidad de Aitken entre los inmigrantes de las Indias Occidentales del Reino Unido pronto superó el estrellato que había disfrutado en su país.

Aitken grabó más de 15 sencillos para Blue Beat, y luego regresó temporalmente a Jamaica en 1963 para una juerga discográfica que a menudo lo encontró respaldado por los Skatalites. Algunos temas, como "Weary Wanderer" y "Zion", fueron producidos por Reid; otro, el éxito "Bad Minded Woman", fue lanzado por el nuevo sello británico de Aitken, Rio. Aitken permaneció con Rio hasta 1966, emitiendo alrededor de 20 sencillos y también grabando para varios otros sellos pequeños. Río se fue a la bancarrota, y a finales de los años 60, Aitken firmó un nuevo acuerdo con la familia de etiquetas Pama (Nu Beat, Doctor Bird, etc.), en parte porque la compañía le ayudó con sus pagos atrasados de manutención infantil. Este arreglo resultó en algunos de sus mayores éxitos en el Reino Unido, muchos de los cuales él mismo escribió: "Fire in Mi Wire", "Pussy Price" (ambos números iniciales), "Landlord and Tenants", "It's Too Late", "Jesse James", "Rise & Fall", "Woppi King" y "Skinhead Train", por nombrar los más grandes. Este material fue uno de los más duraderos de Aitken, y amplió su atractivo para el público blanco (principalmente skinheads y mods).

El ascenso de Bob Marley y el nuevo énfasis rastafariano en el reggae culturalmente relevante hicieron que la música de Aitken pareciera algo anticuada en los años 70. Se mudó a Leicester, en las afueras de Londres, y aunque tocaba ocasionalmente, fue retirado de la grabación. Sin embargo, el renacimiento del ska Two Tone de finales de los 70 hizo que el estilo de Aitken volviera a estar de moda, y el English Beat reescribió la letra de "Pussy Price" para su propio "Ranking Full Stop". Aitken regresó al estudio de grabación y se le ocurrió "Rudy Got Married", que se convirtió en su primer single en el Reino Unido en 1981. Aitken reanudó sus giras regulares por el Reino Unido durante los años 80, y pasó un año y medio trabajando con una banda llamada The Potato 5, con la que grabó en Gaz's Rockin' Records. En 1986, apareció junto a David Bowie en la película "Absolute Beginners"; además, UB40 cubrió el sencillo de Aitken "Guilty" (grabado bajo el nombre de Tiger) en su exitoso álbum "Labour of Love", aumentando aún más su visibilidad. Aitken tocó con varias bandas de ska de tercera ola durante los'80 y'90, y aunque su actividad discográfica se redujo sustancialmente, continuó girando en el nuevo milenio, incluso documentando y lanzando una actuación titulada Live at Club Ska, publicada en 2004. Después de seis décadas de grabar y tocar, el reinado de Laurel Aitken como el Padrino de Ska terminó el 17 de julio de 2005, cuando a la edad de 87 años el cantante sufrió un ataque al corazón y se fue.

https://www.allmusic.com/artist/laurel-aitken-mn0000138792/biography